Evaluation of The Effects of Cutting Parameters On The Surface Roughness During The Turning of Hadfield Steel With Response Surface Methodology

Year 2014, Volume: 19 Issue: 2, 19 - 28, 23.12.2014

Ergün Ekı̇cı̇ , Gültekin Uzun , Turgay Kıvak

https://doi.org/10.17482/uujfe.38441

Cited By: 7

Abstract

Hadfield steel (X120Mn12) is widely used in the engineering applications due to its excellent wear resistance. In this study, the effects of the cutting parameters on the surface roughness were investigated in relation to the lathe process carried out on Hadfield steel. The experiments were conducted at a cutting speed of 80, 110, 140 m/min, feed rate of 0.2, 0.3, 0.4 mm/rev and depth of cut 0.2, 0.4, 0.6 mm, using coated carbide tools. Regarding the evaluation of the machinability of Hadfield steel, a model was formed utilizing the response surface method (RSM). For the determination of the effects of the cutting parameters on the surface roughness, the central composite design (CCD) and variance analysis (ANOVA) were used. By means of the model formed as a result of the experimental study, it was demonstrated that among the cutting parameters, the feed rate is the most effective parameter on the surface roughness, with a contribution ratio of 90.28%. It was determined that the surface roughness increases with increasing feed rate. With respect to the effect on the surface roughness, the feed rate was followed by the cutting speed with a contribution ratio of 3.1% and the cutting depth with a contribution ratio of 1.7%.

Keywords

hadfield steel; machinability; surface roughness; response surface methodology

Hadfield Çeliğinin Tornalanmasında Kesme Parametrelerinin Yüzey Pürüzlülüğü Üzerindeki Etkilerinin Yanıt Yüzey Metodu ile Değerlendirilmesi

Abstract

Hadfield çeliği (X120Mn12) sahip olduğu mükemmel aşınma direncinden dolayı mühendislik uygulamalarında yaygın olarak kullanılmaktadır. Bu çalışmada Hadfield çeliğinin tornalanmasında kesme parametrelerinin yüzey pürüzlülüğü üzerindeki etkileri araştırılmıştır. Deneyler 80, 110, 140 m/dak kesme hızı, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4 mm/dev ilerleme ve 0.2, 0.4, 0.6 mm kesme derinliğinde kaplamalı karbür takımlar kullanılarak gerçekleştirilmiştir. Halfield çeliğinin işlenebilirliğinin değerlendirilmesinde yanıt yüzey yöntemi (RSM) kullanılarak bir model oluşturulmuştur. Kesme parametrelerinin yüzey pürüzlülüğü üzerindeki etkilerinin belirlenmesinde merkezi tümleşik tasarım (CCD) ve varyans analizi (ANOVA) kullanılmıştır. Deneysel çalışma sonrasında oluşturulan modelle, yüzey pürüzlülüğü üzerinde kesme parametrelerinden ilerlemenin % 90,28 katkı oranı ile en etkili parametre olduğu ortaya konulmuştur. İlerlemenin artmasıyla yüzey pürüzlülüğünün arttığı görülmüştür. Yüzey pürüzlülüğü üzerinde etki bakımından ilerlemeyi % 3,12 katkı oranı ile kesme hızı, % 1,7 katkı oranı ile de kesme derinliği takip etmiştir. 

Keywords

Hadfield çeliği, İşlenebilirlik, Yüzey pürüzlüğü, Yanıt yüzey metodu

References

• Baş, D., İsmail, Boyacı, H., (2008). Modeling and Optimization I: Usability of response surface methodology, Journal of Food Engineering, 78, 836–845.
• Bhattacharyya, B., & Sorkhel, S. K. (1998). Investigation for controlled ellectrochemical machining through response surface methodology-based approach. Journal of Materials Processing Technology, 86(1), 200-207.
• Canadinc, D., Sehitoglu, H., Maier, H.J., Chumlyakov, Y.I., (2005). Strain hardening behavior of aluminum alloyed Hadfield steel single crystals, Acta Materialia, 53, 1831– 1842Maratray, F. (1995) High Carbon Manganese Austenitic Steels. The International Manganese Institute.
• Chiang, K.T. and Chang, F.P. (2007). Analysis of shrinkage and warpage in an injection- molded part with a thin shell feature using the response surface methodology, Int J Adv Manuf Technol, 35, 468–479.
• Choudhury, I.A. and El-Baradie, M.A. (1997). Surface roughness in the turning of high- strength steel by factorial design of experiments, Journal of Material Processing Technology, 67, 55–61.
• Collette, G., Crussard, C., Kohn, A., Plateau, J., Pomey, G., Weisz, M., (1957). Contribution à ́létude des transformations des austénites à 12% Mn, Revue de Métallurgie LIV, 6, 433– 481.
• Davim, J.P. (2003). Design of optimisation of cutting parameters for turning metal matrix composites based on the orthogonal arrays, Journal of Materials Processing Technology, 132, 340–344.
• Deniz, T.Ç., Çoğun, Ç., Özgedik, A., (2005). Elektro Erozyon İle İşlemede İşleme Parametrelerinin Matematiksel Modellenmesi, Makina Tasarım ve İmalat Dergisi, 7, 11.
• Dhanasekar, B. and Ramamoorthy, B. (2010). Restoration of blurred images for surface roughness evaluation using machine vision, Tribology International, 4, 3268–276.
• Gavriljuk, V.G., Tyshchenko, A.I., Razumov, O.N., Petrov, Y., Shanina, B.D., Berns, H., (2005). Corrosion-resistant analogue of Hadfield steel, Materials Science and Engineering, 420, 47–54.
• Godfrey, C.O. and Kumar, S. (2006). Response surface methodology-based approach to CNC drilling operations, Journal of Materials Processing Technology, 171, 41–47.
• Grum, J. and Slabe, J.M. (2006). The use of factorial design and response surface methodology for fast determination of optimal heat treatment conditions of different Ni–Co– Mo surfaced layers, Journal of Materials Processing Technology, 155–156, 2026–2032.
• Gunaraj, V. and Murugan, N. (1999). Application of response surface methodology for predicting weld bead quality in submerged arc welding of pipes, Journal of Materials Processing Technology, 88, 266–275.
• Işık Y., (2007). Investigating the machinability of tool steels in turning operations, Materials and Design, 28, 1417–1424.
• Ko-Ta, C. (2008). Modeling and analysis of the effects of machining parameters on the performance characteristics in the EDM process of Al2O3+TiC mixed ceramic, Int J Adv Manuf Technol, 37, 523–533.
• Krajnik, P., Kopac, J., Sluga, A., (2005). Design of grinding factors based on response surface methodology, Journal of Materials Processing Technology, 162–163;629–636.
• Mohan, Lal, D., Renganarayanan, S., Kalanidhi, (2001). A Cryogenic treatment to augment wear resistance of tool and die steels, Cryogenics, 41, 149–155.
• Öktem, H., Erzurumlu, T., Kurtaran, H., (2005). Application of response surface methodology in the optimization of cutting conditions for surface roughness, Journal of Materials Processing Technology, 170, 11–16.
• Savaş, V. and Özay, Ç. (2009). Teğetsel Tornalama-Frezeleme Yöntemi Kullanılarak Ms 58 Pirinç Malzemesinin İşlenmesinde Kesme Parametrelerinin Yüzey Pürüzlülüğüne Etkisinin Araştırılması, Makine Teknolojileri Elektronik Dergisi, 6, 65-70.
• Seman, M., Ganesan, G., Karthikeyan, R., Velayudham, A., (2010). Study on tool wear and surface roughness in machining of particulate aluminum metal matrix composite-response surface methodology approach, Int J Adv Manuf Technol, 48, 613–624.
• Shaw, MC. (1984). Metal Cutting Principles. Oxford University Press, Oxford, NY.
• Vitanov, V.I., Javaid, N., Stephenson, D.J., (2010). Application of response surface methodology for the optimisation of micro friction surfacing process, Surface & Coatings Technology, 204, 3501–3508.
• Yang, W.H. and Tarng, Y.S. (1998). Design optimization of cutting parameters for turning operations based on the Taguchi method, Journal of Materials Processing Technology, 84, 122–129.