Abstract
Turkey is one of the richest countries with large perlite deposits. When exposed to high
temperatures perlite expands and this material with its low density and thermal insulation properties is
used in several areas of the civil engineering industry. This study aims to manufacture block with
lightweight and thermal insulation properties by using expanded perlite as aggregate. For this purpose,
plate specimens were manufactured by using cement and fly ash as binders and expanded perlite
aggregate was incorporated by 40%, 50% and 60% by volume and the water to binder ratio was fixed as
0.40. Block specimens with predetermined dimensions were obtained by using a diamond saw and
physical and mechanical tests were performed. Test results showed that expanded perlite could be used in
block manufacturing, besides cement could be substituted with fly ash by 50% by volume without any
significant adverse effect on the physical and mechanical properties of the block and therefore could help
obtain low cement containing and more environmentally friendly material. The blocks manufactured
within the scope of this work were found to show superior performance especially in terms of water
absorption and thermal conductivity values and that could compete with autoclaved aerated concrete.
References
- ACI 122R, (2014). Guide to thermal properties of concrete and masonry Systems, Detroit.
- Bozkurt, N. (2013) The effect of high temperature on concrete containing perlite powder, SDU International Journal of Technologic Sciences, 5(1), 87-93.
- Celik, A.G., Kilic, A.M. ve Cakal, G.O. (2013) Expanded perlite aggregate characterization for use as a lightweight construction raw material. Physicochemical Problems of Mineral Processing, 49(2), 689-700. doi: 10.5277/ppmp130227
- Ciullo, P.A. (1996) Industrial Minerals and Their Uses: A Handbook and Formulary, Noyes Publications, NJ, USA.
- Davraz, M., Koru, M., ve Akdag, A.E. (2015) The effect of physical properties on thermal conductivity of lightweight aggregate, Procedia Earth and Planetary Science, 15, 85-92. doi: 10.1016/j.proeps.2015.08.022
- Demirboǧa, R., Şahin, R., Bingöl, F. ve Gül, R. (1999) The usability of blast furnace slag in the production of high strength concrete, Proceedings of the Fifth International Symposium on Utilization of High Strength/High Performance Concrete, Norway, 1999, 1083-1091.
- Demirboğa, R. ve Gül, R. (2003) The effects of expanded perlite aggregate, silica fume and fly ash on the thermal conductivity of lightweight concrete, Cement and Concrete Research, 33, 723-727. doi: 10.1016/S0008-8846(02)01032-3
- Erdem, T.K., Meral, C., Tokyay, M. Ve Erdogan, T.Y. (2007) Use of perlite as a pozzolanic addition in producing blended cements, Cement & Concrete Composites, 29, 13-21. doi: 10.1016/j.cemconcomp.2006.07.018
- Işıkdağ, B. (2015) Characterization of lightweight ferrocement panels containing expanded perlite-based mortar, Construction and Building Materials, 81, 15-23. doi:10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2015.02.009
- Kramar, D. ve Bindiganavile, V. (2013) Impact response of lightweight mortars containing expanded perlite, Cement & Concrete Composites, 37, 205-214. doi:10.1016/j.cemconcomp.2012.10.004
- Malhotra, V.M. (2000) Role of supplementary cementing materials in reducing greenhouse gas emissions, Concrete Technology for a Sustainable Development in the 21st Century, E&FN Spon, London. 226-235.
- Mo, K.H., Lee, H.J., Liu, M.Y.J. ve Ling, T.C. (2018) Incorporation of expanded vermiculite lightweight aggregate in cement mortar, Construction and Building Materials, 179, 302-306. doi: 10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2018.05.219
- Polat, R., Demirboğa, R. ve Khushefati W.H. (2015) Effects of nano and micro size of CaO and MgO, nano-clay and expanded perlite aggregate on the autogenous shrinkage of mortar, Construction and Building Materials, 81, 268-275. doi: 10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2015.02.032
- Różycka, A. ve Pichór, W. (2016) Effect of perlite waste addition on the properties of autoclaved aerated concrete, Construction and Building Materials, 120, 65-71. doi:10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2016.05.019
- Sengul, O., Zaizi, S., Karaosmanogu, F. ve Tasdemir, M.A. (2011) Effect of expanded perlite on the mechanical properties and thermal conductivity of lightweight concrete. Energy and Buildings, 43, 671-676. doi: 10.1016/j.enbuild.2010.11.008
- Topcu, İ.B. ve Isikdag, B. (2008) Effect of expanded perlite aggregate on the properties of lightweight concrete, Journal of Materials Processing Technology, 204, 34-38. doi: 10.1016/j.jmatprotec.2007.10.052
- Torres, M.L. ve Ruiz, P.A.G. (2009) Lightweight pozzolanic materials used in mortars: Evaluation of their influence on density, mechanical strength and water absorption, Cement & Concrete Composites, 31, 114-119. doi: 10.1016/j.cemconcomp.2008.11.003
- TS-EN772-1, (2015), Kâgir birimler - Deney yöntemleri – Bölüm 1: Basınç dayanımının tayini, Türk Standartları Enstitüsü, Ankara.
- TS-EN772-6, (2004), Beton kâgir birimlerin eğilmede çekme dayanımının tayini, Türk Standartları Enstitüsü, Ankara.
- TS-EN772-13, (2002), Kagir birimlerin net ve brüt kuru birim hacim kütlelerin tayini (doğal taş hariç), Türk Standartları Enstitüsü, Ankara.
- TS-EN12664, (2009), Yapı malzemeleri ve mamulleri - Isıl direncin, korumalı tablalı ısıtıcı ve ısı akı ölçerin kullanıldığı metotlarla tayini - Isıl direnci orta ve düşük seviyede olan kuru ve rutubetli mamuller, Türk Standartları Enstitüsü, Ankara.
- TS-EN12667, (2003), Yapı malzemeleri ve mamullerinin ısıl performansı-Mahfazalı sıcak plaka ve ısı akış sayacı metotlarıyla ısıl direncin tayini-Yüksek ve orta ısıl dirençli mamuller, Türk Standartları Enstitüsü, Ankara.
- Yu, L.H., Ou, H., ve Lee, L.L. (2003) Investigation on pozzolanic effect of perlite powder in concrete, Cement and Concrete Research, 33, 73-76. doi: 10.1016/S0008-8846(02)00924-9
Abstract
Türkiye perlit kaynakları açısından oldukça zengin ülkelerden birisidir. Ham perlitin yüksek
sıcaklıklarda genleştirilmesi ile elde edilen genleştirilmiş perlit özellikle düşük yoğunluğu ve ısı yalıtım
özelliği ile inşaat sektöründe kullanım alanı bulmaktadır. Bu çalışmada genleştirilmiş perlit agregası
kullanılarak hafif ve ısı yalıtım özellikli blok üretimi amaçlanmıştır. Bu amaçla bağlayıcı olarak çimento
ve uçucu kül kullanılan, su/bağlayıcı oranı 0,40 olan ve perlitin hacimce %40, %50 ve %60 oranında
kullanıldığı plak elemanlar üretilmiş, bu elemanlardan uygun boyutlarda kesilerek elde edilen blok
numunelerde fiziksel ve mekanik deneyler gerçekleştirilmiştir. Deney sonuçları, perlit agregasının blok
üretiminde kullanılabileceğini göstermiş, ayrıca bağlayıcı olarak kullanılan çimentonun hacimce %50
oranında uçucu kül ile ikame edildiğinde bloğun fiziksel ve mekanik performansını önemli ölçüde
etkilemediği, daha düşük çimento kullanımı ile daha çevreci bir ürün eldesini sağladığını ortaya
koymuştur. Bu çalışma kapsamında üretilen genleştirilmiş perlit agregalı bloğun fiziksel ve mekanik
özellikler dikkate alındığında gaz beton ile rekabet edebilecek nitelikte bir ürün olduğu, özellikle su
emme ve ısı iletkenlik katsayısı açısından daha üstün performans gösterdiği görülmüştür.
Keywords
References
- ACI 122R, (2014). Guide to thermal properties of concrete and masonry Systems, Detroit.
- Bozkurt, N. (2013) The effect of high temperature on concrete containing perlite powder, SDU International Journal of Technologic Sciences, 5(1), 87-93.
- Celik, A.G., Kilic, A.M. ve Cakal, G.O. (2013) Expanded perlite aggregate characterization for use as a lightweight construction raw material. Physicochemical Problems of Mineral Processing, 49(2), 689-700. doi: 10.5277/ppmp130227
- Ciullo, P.A. (1996) Industrial Minerals and Their Uses: A Handbook and Formulary, Noyes Publications, NJ, USA.
- Davraz, M., Koru, M., ve Akdag, A.E. (2015) The effect of physical properties on thermal conductivity of lightweight aggregate, Procedia Earth and Planetary Science, 15, 85-92. doi: 10.1016/j.proeps.2015.08.022
- Demirboǧa, R., Şahin, R., Bingöl, F. ve Gül, R. (1999) The usability of blast furnace slag in the production of high strength concrete, Proceedings of the Fifth International Symposium on Utilization of High Strength/High Performance Concrete, Norway, 1999, 1083-1091.
- Demirboğa, R. ve Gül, R. (2003) The effects of expanded perlite aggregate, silica fume and fly ash on the thermal conductivity of lightweight concrete, Cement and Concrete Research, 33, 723-727. doi: 10.1016/S0008-8846(02)01032-3
- Erdem, T.K., Meral, C., Tokyay, M. Ve Erdogan, T.Y. (2007) Use of perlite as a pozzolanic addition in producing blended cements, Cement & Concrete Composites, 29, 13-21. doi: 10.1016/j.cemconcomp.2006.07.018
- Işıkdağ, B. (2015) Characterization of lightweight ferrocement panels containing expanded perlite-based mortar, Construction and Building Materials, 81, 15-23. doi:10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2015.02.009
- Kramar, D. ve Bindiganavile, V. (2013) Impact response of lightweight mortars containing expanded perlite, Cement & Concrete Composites, 37, 205-214. doi:10.1016/j.cemconcomp.2012.10.004
- Malhotra, V.M. (2000) Role of supplementary cementing materials in reducing greenhouse gas emissions, Concrete Technology for a Sustainable Development in the 21st Century, E&FN Spon, London. 226-235.
- Mo, K.H., Lee, H.J., Liu, M.Y.J. ve Ling, T.C. (2018) Incorporation of expanded vermiculite lightweight aggregate in cement mortar, Construction and Building Materials, 179, 302-306. doi: 10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2018.05.219
- Polat, R., Demirboğa, R. ve Khushefati W.H. (2015) Effects of nano and micro size of CaO and MgO, nano-clay and expanded perlite aggregate on the autogenous shrinkage of mortar, Construction and Building Materials, 81, 268-275. doi: 10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2015.02.032
- Różycka, A. ve Pichór, W. (2016) Effect of perlite waste addition on the properties of autoclaved aerated concrete, Construction and Building Materials, 120, 65-71. doi:10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2016.05.019
- Sengul, O., Zaizi, S., Karaosmanogu, F. ve Tasdemir, M.A. (2011) Effect of expanded perlite on the mechanical properties and thermal conductivity of lightweight concrete. Energy and Buildings, 43, 671-676. doi: 10.1016/j.enbuild.2010.11.008
- Topcu, İ.B. ve Isikdag, B. (2008) Effect of expanded perlite aggregate on the properties of lightweight concrete, Journal of Materials Processing Technology, 204, 34-38. doi: 10.1016/j.jmatprotec.2007.10.052
- Torres, M.L. ve Ruiz, P.A.G. (2009) Lightweight pozzolanic materials used in mortars: Evaluation of their influence on density, mechanical strength and water absorption, Cement & Concrete Composites, 31, 114-119. doi: 10.1016/j.cemconcomp.2008.11.003
- TS-EN772-1, (2015), Kâgir birimler - Deney yöntemleri – Bölüm 1: Basınç dayanımının tayini, Türk Standartları Enstitüsü, Ankara.
- TS-EN772-6, (2004), Beton kâgir birimlerin eğilmede çekme dayanımının tayini, Türk Standartları Enstitüsü, Ankara.
- TS-EN772-13, (2002), Kagir birimlerin net ve brüt kuru birim hacim kütlelerin tayini (doğal taş hariç), Türk Standartları Enstitüsü, Ankara.
- TS-EN12664, (2009), Yapı malzemeleri ve mamulleri - Isıl direncin, korumalı tablalı ısıtıcı ve ısı akı ölçerin kullanıldığı metotlarla tayini - Isıl direnci orta ve düşük seviyede olan kuru ve rutubetli mamuller, Türk Standartları Enstitüsü, Ankara.
- TS-EN12667, (2003), Yapı malzemeleri ve mamullerinin ısıl performansı-Mahfazalı sıcak plaka ve ısı akış sayacı metotlarıyla ısıl direncin tayini-Yüksek ve orta ısıl dirençli mamuller, Türk Standartları Enstitüsü, Ankara.
- Yu, L.H., Ou, H., ve Lee, L.L. (2003) Investigation on pozzolanic effect of perlite powder in concrete, Cement and Concrete Research, 33, 73-76. doi: 10.1016/S0008-8846(02)00924-9
Details
| Primary Language | Turkish |
|---|---|
| Subjects | Engineering |
| Journal Section | Research Articles |
| Authors | |
| Publication Date | December 31, 2019 |
| Submission Date | August 5, 2018 |
| Acceptance Date | September 13, 2019 |
| Published in Issue | Year 2019 Volume: 24 Issue: 3 |
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