Covid-19 Pandemisi Sürecinde Maske Kullanımının Temporomandibular Eklem Disfonksiyonu Üzerine Etkisinin Değerlendirilmesi: Kesitsel Bir Çalışma

Abstract

Amaç: Bu çalışmanın amacı Covid-19 pandemisi sürecinde maske kullanımının temporomandibular eklem disfonksiyonu üzerine etkisinin değerlendirilmesidir. Gereç ve Yöntemler: Çalışma 2020-2022 yılları arasında radyoloji ve ortodonti kliniğine başvuran diğer tedavileri için panoramik filmi çekilen 500 yetişkin hasta üzerinde yapıldı. Hastaların kullandıkları maskenin türü ve kullanım süresi ile maske kullanırken nefes almakta zorlanma, farkında olmadan ağzı açık tutma, diş sıkma, alt çeneyi öne getirme, eklem ve kulak ağrısı gibi durumlarının varlığı hazırlanan anketler yardımıyla sorgulandı. Klinik ve radyografik temporomandibular eklem muayenesi yapıldı. Bulgular: N95 vb. maskeleri kullanan katılımcılarda maske takılıyken dişlerini sıkanların, çene ekleminde ve kulaklarında ağrı hissedenlerinin oranları; bu maskeyi takmayanlara göre anlamlı düzeyde daha yüksek bulundu (p<0.05). Günlük ortalama maske kullanım süresi 5-8 saat olan katılımcılarda maske takarken nefes zorluğu çekenlerin oranı diğerlerine göre anlamlı düzeyde daha yüksekti (p<0.05). Maske takarken nadiren de olsa dişlerini sıkan ve farkında olmadan alt çenesini öne getirenlerin eklem muayenesinde veya radyografik muayenesinde patolojik bir bulguya rastlananların oranı, ilgili sorunları hiç yaşamayanlara göre anlamlı düzeyde daha yüksek bulundu (p<0.05). Sonuç: Maske takarken dişlerini sıkan, farkında olamadan alt çenesini öne getiren, çene ekleminde ağrı hisseden katılımcılarda ve uzun süre maske kullananlarda eklem muayenesinde veya radyografik incelemede patolojik bir bulguya rastlanma oranı yüksek bulundu. Bu konuda daha ileri çalışmalara ihtiyaç olduğu görüldü.

Keywords

• COVID-19
• maske
• temporomandibular eklem

Evaluation of the Effect of Mask Use on Temporomandibular Joint Dysfunction During the Covid-19 Pandemic: A Cross-Sectional Study

Abstract

Objective: The aim of this study is to evaluate the effect of mask use on temporomandibular joint dysfunction during the Covid-19 pandemic. Material and Methods: The study was conducted on 500 adult patients who applied to the radiology and orthodontics clinic between 2020-2022 and had panoramic films taken for their other treatments.The type of mask used by the patients and the duration of use, as well as the presence of conditions such as difficulty breathing while using the mask, keeping the mouth open without realizing it, clenching the teeth, bringing the lower jaw forward, joint pain and earache, were questioned with the help of prepared questionnaires. Clinical and radiographic temporomandibular joint examination was performed. Results: Among the participants who wore N95 and similar masks, the rates of those who clenched their teeth while wearing the mask and felt pain in the jaw joint and ears were significantly higher than those who did not wear this mask (p<0.05). The rate of those who had difficulty breathing while wearing a mask was significantly higher in participants whose average daily mask use time was 5-8 hours compared to others (p<0.05). Conclusion: Participants who clenched their teeth while wearing a mask, unconsciously brought their lower jaw forward, felt pain in the jaw joint, and those who wore masks for a long time were more likely to have a pathological finding in joint examination or radiographic examination. Further studies are needed in this regard.

Keywords

• COVID-19
• mask
• temporomandibular joint

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