Interpretation of Serum 25-Hydroxy Vitamin D3 Concentartions in Sheep with Naturally Occurring Sarcoptic Mange

Year 2018, , 35 - 40, 30.04.2018

Kerem Ural , Recai Tunca , Deniz Alıç Ural , İlker Çamkerten , Hasan Erdoğan , Adnan Ayan Mehmet Gültekin Ali Evren Haydardedeoglu , Nuran Aysul Songül Erdoğan

https://doi.org/10.31797/vetbio.413018

Abstract

Sarcoptes scabiei is probably the most common mite species in domestic animals. There is lack of evidence showing the current status of vitamin d reserves in sarcoptic mange infested sheep. Therefore the aim of the present study was to analyze serum 25 hydroxy vitamin D3 concentration among sheep with scabies. Microscopical examination of deep skin scrapings to those of 28 sheep presenting alopecia, crusting, lichenification and scaling showed presence of sarcoptic mange.  Serum 25 OH D3 levels among infested sheep showed a statisticaly significant difference in sheep with sarcoptic mange (group I 25.53±13.30 mg/dl) in contrast to group II control sheep (84.70 ± 21.11 mg/dl). In conclusion vitamin d deficiency must be taken into consideration in scabeietic sheep which should requires vitamin d treatment promptly at correct dosages.

Keywords

Sheep, sarcoptic mange, melatonine, eprinomectine

References

• Akomas, S.C., Obijuru, O.C., Herbert, U. (2011). Hematologic and serologic changes following ivermectin treatment in mange infested West African Dwarf goats. J Environ Biol, 2557-2561.
• Al-Shebani, M.A.A., Dawood, K.A., Jassem, G.A. (2012). Epidemiological and identification study of mange mites infestation in sheep in Al-Diwaniyah province. AL-Qadisiya J Vet Med Sci, 11(1), 20–27.
• Arliann, L.G. (1989). Biology, host epidemiology scabiei relations, and of sarcoptes. Ann Rev Entomol, 34, 139–159. Doi: 10.1146/annurev.en.34.010189.001035.
• Bates, P.G. (2000). Ectoparaites. In: Marten WB, Aitken ID, (Ed’s). Diseases of sheep. Oxford, Black well, 205–296.
• Bates, P.G., Groves, B.A., Courtney, S.A., Coles, G.C. (1995). Control of sheep scab (Psoroptes ovis) on artificially infested sheep with a single injection of doramectin. Vet Rec, 137, 491–492. Doi: 10.1136/vr.137.19.491.
• Caple, I.W., Babacan, E., Pham, T.T., Heath, J. A., Grant, I. M., Vizard, A.L., Allworth, M.B. Seasonal vitamin D deficiency in sheep in south-eastern Australia. Proceedings of the Australian Society of Animal Production, Sydney, 1988, 17.
• Cote, N.M., Jaworski, D.C., Wasala, N.B., Morgan, M.S., Arlian, L.G. (2013). Identification and expression of macrophage migration inhibitory factor in Sarcoptes scabiei. Exp Parasitol, 135(1), 175–181.
• de Souza, W.N., Norde, M.M., Oki, É., Rogero, M.M., Marchioni, DM., Fisberg, R.M., Martini, L.A. (2016). Association between 25-hydroxyvitamin D and inflammatory biomarker levels in a cross-sectional population-based study, São Paulo, Brazil. Nutr Res, 36(1), 1-8.
• Hengge, U.R., Currie, B.J., Jager, G., Lupi, O., Schwartz, R.A. (2006). Scabies: a ubiquitous neglected skin disease. Lancet Inf Dis, 6, 769–779. Doi: 10.1016/S1473-3099(06)70654-5.
• Iqbal, A., Baba, M.A., Shah, M., Mushtaq, I., Sakina, A., Wani, S. (2015). Treatment of mange infection in a weaner flock of sheep with ivermectin at sheep breeding farm Hardishiva of Kashmir valley., 39(2), J Parasit Dis, 171-173.
• Kaufman, P.E., Koehler, P.G., Butler, J.F. (2009). External parasites of sheep and goats ENY-273 (IG129). Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, University of Florida, 1–14. http://edis.ifas.ufl.edu
• Kumar, A., Shekhar, P. (2010). Therapeutic management of notoderic mange in rabbits. J Vet Parasitol, 24(1), 103–104.
• Cantorna, M.T. (2006). Vitamin D and its role in immunology: multiple sclerosis, and inflammatory bowel disease Prog Biophys Mol Biol, 92, 60-64.
• Al-Musawi, M.M., Hasan, H.R., Maluki, A.H. (2014). Relationship between TH1, TH2 Immune Responses and Serum SOD Activity In Scabies. J Adv Biomed Pathobiol Res, 4(1), 1-15.
• Mangin, M., Sinha, R., Fincher, K. (2014). Inflammation and vitamin D: the infection connection. Inflamm Res, 63(10), 803-819.
• Meckel, K., Li, Y.C., Lim, J., Kocherginsky, M., Weber, C., Almoghrabi, A., Cohen, R. D. (2016). Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentration is inversely associated with mucosal inflammation in patients with ulcerative colitis, 2. Am J Clin Nutr, 104(1), 113-120.
• Morgan, M.S., Arlian, L.G., Markey, M.P. (2013). Sarcoptes scabiei mites modulate gene expression in human skin equivalents. PLoS One, 8(8), 71143.
• Murthy, G. S. S., Nagesha, A. M., Hemanna Gowda, K. (2013). Therapeutic management of sarcoptic mange in a sheep flock. J Parasit Dis, 37(2), 281–282.
• Neog, R., Borkakoty, M.R., Lahkar, B.C. (1992). Mange mite infestation in sheep in Assam. Ind Vet J, 69, 891–893.
• Portugal, M., Barak, V., Ginsburg, I., Kohen, R. (2007). Interplay among oxidants, antioxidants, and cytokines in skin disorders: present status and future considerations. Biomed Pharmacother, 61, 412-422
• Radostits, O.M., Blood, D.C., Gay, C.C. (1994). Veterinary medicine, A text book of the diseases of cattle, sheep, pigs, goats and horses. London: Bailliere Tindall.
• Radostits, O.M., Gay, C.C., Hinchcliff, K.W., Constable, P.D. (2006). Veterinary medicine: a textbook of the diseases of cattle, horses, sheep, pigs and goats. London; Elsevier.
• Rao, D., Naidu, M.M. (1999). Clinical and haematological observations in goats with sarcoptic mange. Indian Vet J, 76, 730–732.
• Yang, S., Smith, C., DeLuca H.F. (1993a). 25-Dihydroxyvitamin D3 and 19-nor-1 alpha, 25-dihydroxyvitamin D2 suppress immunoglobulin production and thymic lymphocyte proliferation in vivo. Biochim Biophys Acta, 1158, 279-286
• Yang, S., Smith, C., Prahl, J.M., Luo, X., DeLuca H.F. (1993b). Vitamin D deficiency suppresses cell-mediated immunity in vivo. Arch Biochem Biophys, 303, 98-106
• Bhat, S.A., Mounsey, K.E., Liu, X., Walton, S.F. (2017). Host immune responses to the itch mite, Sarcoptes scabiei, in humans. Parasit Vectors, 10, 385.
• Schmidt, H.W. (1994). Dogs as transmitter of sarcoptic mange to other domestic animals and man. Vet Bull, 22, 643.
• Sekar, M., Kulkarni, V.V., Gajendran, K. (1997). Efficacy of ivermectin against sarcoptic mange in sheep. Indian Vet J, 74, 75–76.
• Shastri, U.V., Wadajkar, S.V., Narladkar, B.W. (1990). Efficacy of ivermectin (MSD) against sarcoptic mange of sheep and psoroptic mange in buffalo calves and a goat. J Vet Parasitol, 4(1), 81–82.
• Singh, D., Swarnkar, C.P. (2010). Efficacy of moxidectin against sarcoptic mange in sheep. J Vet Parasitol, 24(2), 199–200.
• Singh, J., Gill, B.S. (1989). Treatment of rabbits with ivermectin. Indian J Parasitol, 13, 115–118.
• Solusby, L.E.J. (1982). Helminths, Arthopods and Protozoa of Domesticated Animals. 7. Billary Tindell: London.
• Tilahun, G. (1995). Parasites of small ruminants. In: Gray G, Vilenberg G (Ed’s) Parasitological research in Africa, 1sth Ed. Nairobi, Kenya, 34–67.
• Urquhart, G.M., Armour, J., Dunlan, J.L., Dunn, A.M., Jennings, W. (1996). Veterinary Parasitology. Osneymend: Blackwell.
• Van Saun, R.J. (2004). Vitamin D-responsive rickets in neonatal lambs. Can Vet J, 45(10), 841–844.
• Wall, R., Shearer, D. (2001). Veterinary ectoparasites: Biology, pathology and control. Blackwell Sciences Limited: Tokyo.
• Wall, R., Shearer, D. (2001). Veterinary ectoparasites: biology, pathology and control. Tokyo: Blackwell sciences Ltd.
• Williams, J.C. (1992). A comparison of antihelminthitic activityof injectable and pour ivermectin. Lousina Agricul, 35, 15–18.
• Woldemeskel, M. (2000). Dermatophilosis: a threat to livestock production in Ethiopia. Dtsch Tierarztl Wochenschr, 107, 144–146.