İnsanlarda kene ile bulaşan hastalık etkenleri ve Türkiye’deki mevcut durumu

Öz

Vektörler ve vektörler ile bulaşan hastalık etkenleri önemli problemlere neden olurlar. Keneler memeli, kuş ve sürüngenler gibi pek çok canlının kanıyla beslenen vektörlerdir. Keneler kan emmeleri esnasında 200 kadar virüs, bakteri, riketsiya, spiroket, protozoon ve helmint türlerini nakledebilirler. Kenelerin insanlara naklettiği başlıca hastalık etkenleri; Kırım-Kongo kanamalı ateşi virusu, kene kaynaklı ensefalit virusu, Powassan ensefalit virusu, Kyasanur orman hastalık virusu, Colorado kene ateşi virusu, Babesia spp., Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato, Francisella tularensis, Anaplasma phagocytophilum, Ehrlichia chaffeensis ve Rickettsia rickettsii’dir. İnsanlara kenelerle bulaşan mikrobiyal hastalık etkenleri; oluşturduğu hastalık, vektör, epidemiyoloji, belirtiler, tanı ve tedavi bakımından bu derlemede özetlenmiş ve Türkiye’deki mevcut durumu sunulmuştur.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Kene,kene ile bulaşan hastalık etkenleri,mevcut durum,Türkiye

Tick-borne diseases agents in humans and current situation in Turkey

Abstract

Vectors and vector-borne diseases agents cause significant problems. Ticks are blood feeding vectors on many living creatures such as mammals, birds and reptiles. Ticks can transmit up to 200 viruses, bacteria, rickettsia, spirochetes, protozoa and helminth species during blood sucking. The main diseases agents that ticks transmit to humans are; Crimean-Congo haemorrhagic fever virus, tick-borne encephalitis virus, Powassan encephalitis virus, Kyasanur forest disease virus, Colorado tick fever virus, Babesia spp., Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato, Francisella tularensis, Anaplasma phagocytophilum, Ehrlichia chaffeensis and Rickettsia rickettsii. Microbial pathogens transmitted by ticks to humans in terms of caused diseases, vector, epidemiology, symptoms, diagnosis and treatment were summarized in this review and current situation in Turkey presented.

Keywords

• Tick,Turkey,Tick-borne diseases agents,current situation

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