ANALİZ ÖNCESİ NUMUNE HAZIRLAMA YÖNTEMİ OLARAK: QuEChERS

Year 2023, Volume: 14 Issue: 2, 59 - 71, 01.09.2023

Hikmet Özgün İşcan , Abdurrahman Aksoy

https://doi.org/10.38137/vftd.1312964

Abstract

Karmaşık yapılı matrislerden, numune hazırlaması ve analizi çok sayıda işlem gerektirmesinin yanında çok miktarda masrafa neden olmaktadır. Hem numune hazırlama aşamalarını hızlandırmak ve kolaylaştırmak, hem de ortaya çıkan masrafı azaltmak için çok sayıda örnek hazırlama yöntemi ortaya konmuştur. Birçok çoklu kalıntı tarama yöntemi (MRM'ler) karmaşık, zahmetli, zaman alıcı, yüksek miktarda solvent gerektiren ve bu nedenle pahalı yöntemlerdir. Pek çok geleneksel numune hazırlama yöntemi hala kullanımda olsa da ideal olarak, çok sayıda kalıntının tarandığı yöntemlerden istenen temel özellikler; hızlı ve uygulaması kolay olması, minimum miktarda kimyasal gerektirmesi, kabul edilebilir bir seçicilik derecesi sağlaması ve tüm bunların yanında yeterince geniş bir analit spektrumunu kapsamasıdır. QuEChERS, açılımında da belirtildiği gibi gerçekleştirilmesi kolay, hızlı ve düşük maliyetli, minimum hacimde çözücü gerektiren ve geniş bir analit yelpazesinin analizini sağlayan, güvenilir sonuçlar ortaya koyan bir yöntemdir. QuEChERS ile tek bir analist, 1–3 € değerinde tek kullanımlık malzemeler kullanarak 45 dakikada 8 numune hazırlayabilir. Bu sayede laboratuvar verimliliği; işgücünün azaltılması, sarf malzeme tasarrufu, daha yüksek numune verimi ve azaltılmış atık üretimi açısından arttırılmış olur. Geliştirilmesinden itibaren 12 Haziran 2023'e kadar, Web of Science’a göre QuEChERS yöntemlerinin kullanımına ilişkin 4971 makale yayınlanmıştır. Bu araştırmalar neticesinde, çok sayıda araştırma grubu tarafından farklı matris tiplerine sahip çeşitli gıda ürünlerinde pestisitler, antibiyotikler, mikotoksinler, PAH'lar, PCB'ler gibi çeşitli kimyasal bileşiklerin analizi öncesi numune ekstraktasyonu amacıyla QuEChERS yönteminin aktif olarak kullanıldığı görülmektedir.

Keywords

dSPE, ekstraksiyon, mikotoksin, QuEChERS, PAH, pestisit, veteriner ilaçları

AS A PRE-ANALYSIS SAMPLE PREPARATION METHOD: QuEChERS

Abstract

The analysis of complex matrices requires numerous operations and incurs significant expenses due to the need for extensive sample preparation and analysis. In order to expedite and simplify the sample preparation stages while reducing costs, numerous methods for sample preparation have been developed. Many multi-residue screening methods (MRMs) are complex, labor-intensive, time-consuming, and require large amounts of solvents, making them expensive. Although many traditional sample preparation methods are still in use, the desired characteristics of methods that scan numerous residues include being fast and easy to implement, requiring minimal amounts of chemicals, providing an acceptable degree of selectivity, and encompassing a wide spectrum of analytes. QuEChERS, as indicated by its acronym, is a method that is easy, fast, low-cost, requires minimal solvent volume, and enables the analysis of a wide range of analytes, yielding reliable results. With QuEChERS, a single analyst can prepare 8 samples in 45 minutes using disposable materials costing 1-3 €. This increases laboratory efficiency in terms of reduced workforce, savings in consumables, higher sample throughput, and reduced waste production. From its development until 12 June 2023, 4971 articles related to the use of QuEChERS methods were published in the Web of Science. TThe outcomes of these investigations have revealed that a multitude of research collectives actively employ the QuEChERS technique to analyze a diverse array of chemical categories, including pesticides, antibiotics, mycotoxins, PAHs, and PCBs, across an extensive spectrum of food commodities characterized by varying matrix compositions.

Keywords

dSPE, extraction, mycotoxin, QuEChERS, PAH, pesticide, veterinary drugs

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