The microbiota of humans and animals and its relationship with the use of functional foods

Year 2022, Volume: 1 Issue: 2, 32 - 41, 31.12.2022

Ayşegül Demircioğlu Muhammed Demircioğlu Migena Gjoni Gündemir

Abstract

In human and animal body, especially in the gastrointestinal tract, there are many microorganisms that coexist in a mutually beneficial relationship with the host. The main function of the intestinal microbiome is to ferment indigestible substrates and short-chain fatty acids, etc. to inhibit the proliferation of pathogens, among other functions. For example, by increasing beneficial microorganisms that produce important antimicrobial metabolites. The gut microbiota can prevent the colonization of pathogens through the mechanism of colonization resistance. Antibiotic exposure to the gut microbiome can trigger the response that affects colonization resistance. This review provides an overview of the gut microbiome and the effects of antibiotic therapy on pathogen and disease colonization, the relationship between diet and microbiota, and the use of functional foods.

Keywords

Functional food, microbiota, probiotic-prebiotic

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