Propilparabenin Tavuk (Gallus gallus gallus, Linnaeus 1758) Embriyosunda Yol Açtığı Embriyonik Gelişim Bozuklukları

Abstract

Propilparaben, gıda, kozmetik ve ilaçlarda koruyucu olarak yaygın olarak kullanılmaktadır. Potansiyel teratojenik etkileri konusunda endişeler ortaya çıkmıştır. Bu çalışma, propilparabenin tavuk embriyosu gelişimi üzerindeki teratojenik etkilerini araştırmaktadır. Yumurtalar yatay pozisyonda 36,8 °C'de 68 saat inkübe edildi. 68 saat bekletilen tavuk embriyoları altı gruba ayrıldı: pozitif kontrol (%0,9 NaCl), negatif kontrol Dimetil Sülfoksit (DMSO) ve 1, 5, 10 ve 20 ppm konsantrasyonlarında propilparaben. Her grup 3 embriyodan oluşuyordu. İşlemden sonra embriyolar 24 saat daha inkübe edildi ve toplam inkübasyon süresi 92 saate ulaştı. Veriler tanımlayıcı-karşılaştırmalı yaklaşım kullanılarak analiz edildi. İstatistiksel analiz SPSS 25 yazılımı kullanılarak, parametrik veriler için One-way ANOVA ve ardından Duncan testi, parametrik olmayan veriler için ise Kruskal-Wallis ve ardından Mann-Whitney U testi kullanılarak gerçekleştirildi (P ≤ ,05). Sonuçlar, propilparabenin mezensefalon ve telensefalonda, tamamlanmamış kapanma ve azalmış vücut uzunluğu ile gösterildiği gibi anormalliklere neden olduğunu gösterdi. Pozitif kontrol (%0,9 NaCl) en büyük vücut uzunluğuna (18,97 ± 1,56 mm) sahipken, en küçüğü 10 ppm'di (9,18 ± 1,20 mm). En büyük mezensefalon alanı pozitif kontrolde (1,66 ± 0,02 mm²) ve en küçüğü 20 ppm'di (0,73 ± 0,18 mm²). En büyük telensefalon alanı pozitif kontrolde (1,13 ± 0,05 mm²) idi. En büyük göz alanı pozitif kontrolde (1,17±0,07 mm²), en küçük göz alanı ise 20 ppm'de (0,45±0,10 mm²) bulundu. Bu bulgular, propilparabenin tavuk embriyolarında gelişimsel anormalliklere neden olabileceğini düşündürmektedir.

Keywords

• Anormallikler
• embriyonik gelişim
• propilparaben
• tavuk embriyosu
• teratojenite

Propylparaben Induced Embryonic Developmental Abnormalities in Chicken (Gallus gallus gallus, Linnaeus 1758)

Abstract

Propylparaben is widely used as a preservative in food, cosmetics, and pharmaceuticals. Concerns regarding its potential teratogenic effects have been raised. This study investigates the teratogen effects of propylparaben on chicken embryo development. The eggs were incubated at 36.8°C for 68 hours in a horizontal position. Chicken embryos aged 68 hours were divided into six groups: positive control (0.9% NaCl), negative control Dimethyl Sulfoxide (DMSO), propylparaben at the concentration of 1, 5, 10, and 20 ppm. Each group consisted of 3 embryos. Following treatment, the embryos were incubated for an additional 24 hours, leading to a total incubation time of 92 hours. Data were analyzed using descriptive-comparative approach. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS 25 software, employing One-way ANOVA followed by Duncan test for parametric data and Kruskal-Wallis followed by Mann-Whitney U test for non-parametric data (P ≤ .05). The results showed propylparaben causes abnormalities in mesencephalon and telencephalon, showed by incomplete closure and reduced body length. The positive control (0.9% NaCl) had the largest body length (18.97 ± 1.56 mm), while the smallest was at 10 ppm (9.18 ± 1.20 mm). The largest mesencephalon area was in the positive control (1.66 ± 0.02 mm²), and the smallest in 20 ppm (0.73 ± 0.18 mm²). The largest telencephalon area was in the positive control (1.13 ± 0.05 mm²). The largest eye area was in the positive control (1.17 ± 0.07 mm²) and the smallest in 20 ppm (0.45 ± 0.10 mm²). These findings suggest that propylparaben may induce developmental abnormalities in chicken embryos.

Keywords

• Abnormalities
• chicken embryo
• embryonic development
• propylparaben
• teratogenicity

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