Investigation of the Effect of Wheat and Corn Gluten on Inflammation, Transglutaminase, Gliadin and IgA Levels in Healthy Rat Intestines

Year 2024, Volume: 19 Issue: 3, 124 - 131, 29.12.2024

Aybüke İmik , Ceren Gezer , Kübra Asena Terim Kapakin

https://doi.org/10.17094/vetsci.1607091

Abstract

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of wheat and corn gluten on some histopathologic parameters such as villus atrophy, crypt hyperplasia, lymphocyte plasma neutrophils and immunohistochemical parameters such as trans glutaminase, gliadin and IgA in the small intestine of healthy male rats without HLA-DQ2 and HLA-DQ8 genes. In the study, 21 healthy newborn male Sprague Dawley rats were fed wheat, corn and soy with the addition of 7 rats in each group from one-day age to 60 days of age. Histopathological (villous atrophy, lymphocyte plasma neutrophil, crypt hyperplasia) and immunohistochemical (transglutaminase, gliadin, IgA) parameter analyses were performed in small intestinal tissue samples. As a result of the study, it was found that the small intestinal villus lengths of the wheat gluten group were longer than the other groups (P < .05). Cryptic hyperplasia was detected most in the soybean group and the lowest in the wheat group (P < .05). Gliadin antibody levels were found to be in the soybean group with the highest and the lowest in the wheat group (P < .05). In healthy male rats lacking HLA-DQ2 and HLA-DQ8 genes, the effect of wheat gluten on crypt hyperplasia and gliadin levels in small intestinal tissue was significantly lower than in soy and corn gluten groups, while its effect on villous atrophy, lymphocyte plasma neutrophil and transglutaminase was limited. In addition, the intestinal villus lengths of the wheat gluten group were significantly higher than those of the corn and soybean groups.

Keywords

IgA, gliadin, gluten, tranglutaminase, villi

Sağlıklı Rat Bağırsaklarında Buğday ve Mısır Gluteninin İnflamasyon, Transglutaminaz, Gliadin ve IgA Düzeyleri Üzerine Etkisinin Araştırılması

Abstract

Bu çalışmada HLA-DQ2 ve HLA-DQ8 genlerine sahip olmayan sağlıklı erkek ratlarda buğday ve mısır gluteninin ince bağırsaklarda villus atrofisi, kript hiperplazisi, lenfosit plazma nötrofil gibi bazı histopatolojik parametreler ile trans glutaminaz, gliadin, IgA gibi immünhistokimyasal parametrelere etkisinin değerlendirilmesi hedeflenmiştir. Çalışmada, 21 adet sağlıklı yeni doğmuş Sprague Dawley cinsi erkek rat bir günlük yaştan 60 günlük yaşa kadar her grupta 7 rat olmak üzere buğday, mısır ve soya eklenerek beslenmişlerdir. İnce bağırsak doku örneklerinde histopatolojik (villöz atrofi, lenfosit plazma nötrofil, kript hiperplazi) ve immunohistokimyasal (transglutaminaz, gliadin, IgA) parametre analizleri yapılmıştır. Çalışma sonucunda buğday gluteni grubunun ince bağırsak villus uzunluklarının diğer gruplardan daha uzun olduğu saptanmıştır (P < ,05). Kript hiperplazisi en fazla soya grubunda, en düşük buğday grubunda tespit edilmiştir (P < ,05). Gliadin antikor seviyesi en yüksek soya grubunda iken en düşük buğday grubunda olduğu tespit edilmiştir (P < ,05). HLA-DQ2 ve HLA-DQ8 genlerine sahip olmayan sağlıklı erkek ratlarda buğday gluteninin ince bağırsak dokusunda kript hiperplazisi ve gliadin değeri soya ve mısır gluteni verilen gruplardan önemli derecede düşük olduğu belirlenirken, villöz atrofisi, lenfosit plazma nötrofil ile transglutaminaz üzerine etkisi sınırlı düzeyde kalmıştır. Ayrıca buğday gluteni verilen grubun bağırsak villus uzunlukları mısır ve soya verilen gruplardan önemli oranda yüksek olduğu tespit edilmiştir.

Keywords

IgA, gliadin, gluten, tranglutaminaz, villus

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