Abstract
Bu makale savaş ve barış söylemlerine felsefi
katkıları ele almaktadır. Özellikle, piyasa liberalizminin ve Marksist
sosyalizmin etkisini incelemektedir. I. ve II. Dünya Savaşı'ndan hemen önce
Avrupa'da milliyetçi ve otoriter söylemlere felsefenin nasıl katkı sağladığını
sorarak, konuya tarihsel bir perspektiften yaklaşmaktadır. Çalışmanın amacı,
birbirine zıt kuramsal kavramların—özellikle de piyasa liberalizminin ve
Marksist sosyalizmin—nasıl savaş ve barış eylemlerini etkilediği üzerine
düşünmeyi istemek ve siyasi kutuplaşmayla ve çatışmayla ilgili güncel sorunlar
hakkındaki güncel tartışmalarda bu kavramların eleştirel farkındalığını
derinleştirmektir. Benim yaklaşımım, bir ülkenin politik ekonomisine ilişkin
konularda uzlaşmaz politik tutumları destekleyen, felsefedeki kaderci
anlayışlara şiddetle karşı çıkıyor. Bunun yerine benim yaklaşımım, (sosyal)
barışın tehlikeye atılmaması için serbest piyasaların demokratik yapılara ve
cömert refah devletlerine dâhil edilmesi gerektiğini varsayan Karl Polanyi'nin
detaylandırdığı bir bakış açısını savunuyor. Bu nedenle, bu çalışma detaylı bir
tarihsel analiz veya kapsamlı bir felsefi bakış açısı olarak değil de; kaderci
felsefi kavramların siyasal söylemler üzerindeki etkisine dair genel bir
argüman olarak okunmalıdır.
References
- Galbraith, John K. (1958). The Affluent Society. 40th Anniversary Edition Updated and with a New Introduction by the Author, Boston/ New York: Houghton Mifflin Company. Hayek, F. A. (2007 [1944]). The Road to Serfdom, London: Routledge/ The University of Chicago Press. Keynes, J. M. (1915). “The Economics of War in Germany”, The Economic Journal, 25 (99): 443-452. Nietzsche, F. (2016 [1883]). Thus spake Zarathustra. A book for all and none, Adelaide: The University of Adelaide, Australia. ebooks@adelaide. Polanyi, K. (2001 [1944]). The Great Transformation, The Political and Economic Origins of Our Time, Boston: Beacon Press. Smith, A. (1999 [1776]). The Wealth of Nations, London: Penguin Group.Sombart, W. (1915). Händler und Helden. Patriotische Besinnungen, München: Duncker und Humblot.Tönnies, F. (1963 [1887]). Gemeinschaft und Gesellschaft, Darmstadt: Wissenschaftliche Buchgesellschaft.Summers, H. (2018, March 26). Why we’re paying the rent for a million Syrian refugees. Retrieved 2018, December 20, from https://www.theguardian.com/global-development/2018/mar/26/scheme-cash-transfer-turkey-1m-refugees-eu-aidUnited Nations. (2017). World Population Prospects: The 2017 Revision, Key Findings and Advance Tables, New York- United Nations. Retrieved 2018, December 21, from https://esa.un.org/unpd/wpp/publications/Files/WPP2017_KeyFindings.pdf.
Philosophical Contributions to the Discourses on War and Peace: The Influence of Market Liberalism and Marxist Socialism
Abstract
This article deals with the philosophical
contributions to the discourses on war and peace. In particular it examines the
influence of market liberalism and Marxist socialism. It approaches that topic
from a historical perspective, asking how philosophy contributed to nationalist
and authoritarian discourses in Europe just prior to World War I and II. The
aim is to prompt reflection on how antagonistic theoretical concepts –
particularly market liberalism and Marxist socialism – affect acts of war and
peace and to deepen critical awareness of these concepts in current debates on
contemporary problems concerning political polarization and conflict. My
approach strongly argues against fatalist conceptions in philosophy which
support irreconcilable political attitudes on matters concerning the political
economy of a country. Instead, it argues in favour of a perspective elaborated
by Karl Polanyi which assumes that free markets need to be embedded in
democratic structures and generous welfare states if (social) peace is not to
be endangered. Therefore, it should rather be read as a general argument on the
influence of fatalist philosophical concepts on political discourses, not as a
detailed historical analysis or a comprehensive philosophical overview.
Keywords
References
- Galbraith, John K. (1958). The Affluent Society. 40th Anniversary Edition Updated and with a New Introduction by the Author, Boston/ New York: Houghton Mifflin Company. Hayek, F. A. (2007 [1944]). The Road to Serfdom, London: Routledge/ The University of Chicago Press. Keynes, J. M. (1915). “The Economics of War in Germany”, The Economic Journal, 25 (99): 443-452. Nietzsche, F. (2016 [1883]). Thus spake Zarathustra. A book for all and none, Adelaide: The University of Adelaide, Australia. ebooks@adelaide. Polanyi, K. (2001 [1944]). The Great Transformation, The Political and Economic Origins of Our Time, Boston: Beacon Press. Smith, A. (1999 [1776]). The Wealth of Nations, London: Penguin Group.Sombart, W. (1915). Händler und Helden. Patriotische Besinnungen, München: Duncker und Humblot.Tönnies, F. (1963 [1887]). Gemeinschaft und Gesellschaft, Darmstadt: Wissenschaftliche Buchgesellschaft.Summers, H. (2018, March 26). Why we’re paying the rent for a million Syrian refugees. Retrieved 2018, December 20, from https://www.theguardian.com/global-development/2018/mar/26/scheme-cash-transfer-turkey-1m-refugees-eu-aidUnited Nations. (2017). World Population Prospects: The 2017 Revision, Key Findings and Advance Tables, New York- United Nations. Retrieved 2018, December 21, from https://esa.un.org/unpd/wpp/publications/Files/WPP2017_KeyFindings.pdf.
Details
| Primary Language | English |
|---|---|
| Journal Section | Bildiri metni |
| Authors | |
| Publication Date | May 31, 2019 |
| Submission Date | July 2, 2019 |
| Published in Issue | Year 2019 Issue: 9 |
