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REGRESSION AS A DEFENCE MECHANISM IN EUGENE O’NEILL’S “ALL GOD’S CHILLUN GOT WINGS”
Abstract
One of the most significant and well-known defence mechanisms in psychology is the notion of regression. This concept is credited to Sigmund Freud. According to him, it is a form of defence that forces the ego to return momentarily or permanently to an earlier stage of development rather than accommodating unwanted desires (1905). The objective of this paper is to examine how Freud and his daughter, Anna Freud, expanded on the definition of regression and its key characteristics. In his plays, Eugene O'Neill frequently uses psychological concepts. His characters are therefore perfect for investigating regression as a defensive strategy. Given that O'Neill is regarded as one of the most significant playwrights of contemporary theatre and is infamous for his sophisticated topics, social narratives, and ostracised characters, it is very simple to apply Freud’s ideas and theories to his plays. Particularly his framework of defence mechanisms. This paper tackles his infamously defiant play “All God's Chillun Got Wings” (1924), which serves as a demonstration of regression's usage and the workings of the human psyche. By the end of the paper, it is evident that O'Neill's employment of Freud's concept of regression serves to amplify the influence of social standards and how it shapes his characters’ conduct in the play. Regression is a crucial instrument in his work in this respect since it enhances the concept of the human psyche as a whole.
Keywords
References
- Bernstein, S. J. (2006). Making it, madness, and motherhood: The deep structure of All God’s Chillun Got Wings. The Eugene O’Neill Review, 28(1), 50-61.
- Coolidge, O. (1966). Eugene O’Neill. McBride.
- Costa, R. M. (2020). Regression (defence mechanism). In V. Zeigler Hill, & T. K. Shackelford (Eds.), Encyclopedia of personality and individual differences (pp. 1-3). Springer.
- Floyd, V. (Ed.). (1981). Eugene O’Neill at work. Frederick Ungar.
- Freud, A. (2018). The ego and the mechanisms of defence (Original work published 1936). Routledge.
- Freud, S. (1905). Three essays on the theory of sexuality. In J. Strachey (Ed.), The standard edition of the complete psychological works of Sigmund Freud (Vol. 7, pp. 125-245). The Hogarth Press.
- Freud, S. (1977). Introductory lectures on psychoanalysis (J. Strachey, Trans.). Norton.
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Details
Primary Language
English
Subjects
Literary Theory
Journal Section
Research Article
Authors
Publication Date
December 30, 2025
Submission Date
April 20, 2025
Acceptance Date
December 1, 2025
Published in Issue
Year 2025 Volume: 5 Number: 2
APA
Rayyan, M. M. R. (2025). REGRESSION AS A DEFENCE MECHANISM IN EUGENE O’NEILL’S “ALL GOD’S CHILLUN GOT WINGS”. World Language Studies, 5(2), 190-200. https://izlik.org/JA32SJ93YF
AMA
1.Rayyan MMR. REGRESSION AS A DEFENCE MECHANISM IN EUGENE O’NEILL’S “ALL GOD’S CHILLUN GOT WINGS.” World Language Studies. 2025;5(2):190-200. https://izlik.org/JA32SJ93YF
Chicago
Rayyan, Manar M. R. 2025. “REGRESSION AS A DEFENCE MECHANISM IN EUGENE O’NEILL’S ‘ALL GOD’S CHILLUN GOT WINGS’”. World Language Studies 5 (2): 190-200. https://izlik.org/JA32SJ93YF.
EndNote
Rayyan MMR (December 1, 2025) REGRESSION AS A DEFENCE MECHANISM IN EUGENE O’NEILL’S “ALL GOD’S CHILLUN GOT WINGS”. World Language Studies 5 2 190–200.
IEEE
[1]M. M. R. Rayyan, “REGRESSION AS A DEFENCE MECHANISM IN EUGENE O’NEILL’S ‘ALL GOD’S CHILLUN GOT WINGS’”, World Language Studies, vol. 5, no. 2, pp. 190–200, Dec. 2025, [Online]. Available: https://izlik.org/JA32SJ93YF
ISNAD
Rayyan, Manar M. R. “REGRESSION AS A DEFENCE MECHANISM IN EUGENE O’NEILL’S ‘ALL GOD’S CHILLUN GOT WINGS’”. World Language Studies 5/2 (December 1, 2025): 190-200. https://izlik.org/JA32SJ93YF.
JAMA
1.Rayyan MMR. REGRESSION AS A DEFENCE MECHANISM IN EUGENE O’NEILL’S “ALL GOD’S CHILLUN GOT WINGS”. World Language Studies. 2025;5:190–200.
MLA
Rayyan, Manar M. R. “REGRESSION AS A DEFENCE MECHANISM IN EUGENE O’NEILL’S ‘ALL GOD’S CHILLUN GOT WINGS’”. World Language Studies, vol. 5, no. 2, Dec. 2025, pp. 190-0, https://izlik.org/JA32SJ93YF.
Vancouver
1.Manar M. R. Rayyan. REGRESSION AS A DEFENCE MECHANISM IN EUGENE O’NEILL’S “ALL GOD’S CHILLUN GOT WINGS”. World Language Studies [Internet]. 2025 Dec. 1;5(2):190-20. Available from: https://izlik.org/JA32SJ93YF