Yeme Bozuklukları ve Duygular

Öz

Duygu, davranışsal, bilişsel, fenomenolojik ve fizyolojik kanalları bütünleştiren, bir uyaran olayına evrensel verilen bir tepkidir. Duygularımız mevcut duruma uygunluğumuzu arttırır ve çevreyi şekillendirir. Olaylara verdiğimiz tepkiler ve davranışlarımız duygularımızdan etkilenir. Mutluluk gibi duyguları yaşamak daha kolay, korku ve öfke gibi duyguları yaşamak ise daha zordur. Öfke, korku ve tiksinti gibi temel duygular genellikle toplum tarafından olumsuz görüldüğünden, insanlar bu duyguları hissetmekten kaçınırlar. Bununla birlikte, duyguları hissetmek ve ifade etmek, bilişsel veya davranışsal olarak nasıl davrandığımız üzerinde olumlu bir etkiye sahiptir. Bu nedenle uzun süreli duygulardan kaçınma ve bastırma, yeme bozuklukları gibi bazı psikopatolojilere neden olabilir. Araştırma sonuçlarına göre duygusal stres, yeme miktarında ve iştahta ortalama %30 artışa ve %48 azalmaya neden olur. Yeme bozukluklarında uyumsuz veya zor duygularla başa çıkma veya bu duygulardan kaçınma işlevi gören davranışlar görülür. Örneğin, kişi utanç, öfke, suçluluk duygusu yaşamak yerine kısıtlayıcı veya aşırı yeme gibi anormal yeme davranışları gösterebilir. Danışanı ve patolojiyi daha iyi anlamak ve terapinin etkinliğini artırmak için yeme bozukluklarında duyguların etkilerine yönelik araştırmaların çok önemli olduğuna inanılmaktadır. Bu nedenle, bu derlemede duygular ve yeme bozuklukları arasındaki ilişki açıklanacaktır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Duygular
• yeme bozuklukları
• anoreksiya
• bulimia
• tıkanırcasına yeme.

Eating Disorders and Emotions

Abstract

Emotion is a universal and effective reaction to an external stimuli event that combines phenomenological, cognitive, behavioral, and physiological channels. Our emotions increase our aptitude for the current situation and shape the environment. Our reactions to events and our behavior are influenced by our emotions. It is easier to experience emotions such as happiness and more difficult to experience emotions such as fear and anger. Because basic emotions such as anger, fear, and disgust are generally viewed as negative in society, people avoid feeling them. However, feeling and expressing emotions positively affects our cognitive and behavioral actions. For this reason, long-term avoidance and suppression of emotions can lead to some psychopathologies, such as eating disorders. Emotional stress leads to a certain extent increase and decrease in appetite and eating behaviors. In eating disorders, behaviors are observed that serve to cope with inappropriate or difficult emotions or to avoid these emotions. For example, instead of feelings of shame, anger, and guilt, the person may exhibit such abnormal eating behaviors as restrictive eating behaviors or binge eating. In order to better understand the patient and his or her disorder and to improve the effectiveness of treatment, research into the effects of emotions in eating disorders is crucial. In this context, the relationship between eating disorders and emotions will be discussed in depth in this review study.

Keywords

• Emotions, eating disorders, anorexia, bulimia, binge eating

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