BRICS-T ÜLKELERİNDE KÜRESELLEŞME VE BEŞERİ SERMAYE İLİŞKİSİNE YÖNELİK AMPİRİK BULGULAR

Year 2020, , 92 - 109, 30.06.2020

Müge Manga , Orhan Cengiz

https://doi.org/10.11611/yead.730909

Abstract

Gelişmekte olan ülkelerde küreselleşmenin yarattığı fırsat ve riskler farklı boyutlarla değerlendirilebilecek geniş bir kapsama sahiptir. Son otuz yıllık dönemde neoliberal küreselleşmenin getirdiği serbestleşme eğilimleri dikkate alındığında ticaretin, sermayenin ve emeğin mobilizasyonu beşeri kalkınmayı da yakından etkilemektedir. Günümüzün değişen dünyasında bireylerin eğitim, sağlık ve kültür gibi beşeri sermaye unsurlarının iyileştirilmesine yönelik talepleri artarken çok uluslu şirketlerin de nitelikli işgücü ihtiyacı artış göstermektedir. Bu doğrultuda mevcut çalışmada, küreselleşme ile beşeri sermaye arasındaki ilişki, küresel ekonomide önemli atılım yapan BRICS-T (Brezilya, Rusya, Hindistan, Çin, Güney Afrika ve Türkiye) ülkeleri için incelenmiştir. 1992-2017 dönemi periyoduna ait verilerle yapılan analiz sonuçları, küreselleşmenin beşeri sermaye üzerinde negatif; ekonomik büyüme, doğrudan yabancı sermaye yatırımı ve bilgi-iletişim teknolojilerinin ise pozitif etkiye sahip olduğunu göstermektedir. Konya nedensellik testi sonuçları incelendiğinde ise küreselleşme ile beşeri sermaye arasında Güney Afrika’da iki yönlü, Rusya ve Çin’de küreselleşmeden beşeri sermayeye doğru tek yönlü nedensellik ilişkisi olduğu tespit edilmiştir.

Keywords

Küreselleşme, Beşeri sermaye, Panel ARDL, BRICS-T ülkeleri

THE EMPIRICAL FINDINGS FOR THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN GLOBALIZATION AND HUMAN CAPITAL IN BRICS-T COUNTRIES

Abstract

In developing countries, opportunities and risks have created by globalization have a broad scope that can be evaluated in different dimensions. When considering in the context of liberalization trends that brought by neoliberal globalization over the past three decades, the mobility of trade, capital and labor have also been closely affect the human development. In today’s changing world, while individuals’ demand for the development of human capital factors such as education, health and culture increase, skilled labor demand of multinational companies also rises. This relationship between human capital and globalization has examined for the BRICS-T countries (Brazil, Russia, India, China, South Africa and Turkey) that realize important breakthrough in the global economy. According to the Kónya (2006)’s causality test results using the data covering for the period between 1992 and 2017, it was obtained that there is a feedback causality relationship between globalization and human capital in South Africa and there exists a one way causality running from globalization to human capital in Russia and China.

Keywords

Globalization, Human capital, Kónya (2006)’s causality test, BRICS-T countries

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