Filistin Direnişinde Aşil Tendonu: Hamas-Fetih Çatışması

Year 2018, Volume: 10 Issue: 21, 23 - 39, 23.12.2018

Buğra Sarı

Abstract

İsrail devleti’nin on yıllardan beridir süren politikası neticesinde Filistinlilerin elinde sadece Gazze Şeridi ve Batı Şeria bölgeleri kalmıştır. Bu durum Filistin’i coğrafi olarak ikiye bölmektedir. Filistin aynı zamanda coğrafi bölünmüşlüğünün yanı sıra siyasi olarak da iki parçaya bölünmüş vaziyettedir. Gazze Şeridi’nde Hamas kontrolü varken, Batı Şeria Fetih denetimi altındadır. Filistin direnişine yön veren bu iki örgüt uzun yıllardan beridir anlaşmazlık içinde ve hatta birbirleriyle çatışma halindedir. Böylece Filistin direnişi zayıflarken, İsrail’in pozisyonu kuvvetlenmektedir. Sonuç olarak, Filistin direnişi coğrafi ve siyasi bölünmüşlük nedeniyle gerek siyasi gerekse de askeri bakımdan sürekli zemin kaybetmektedir. Filistin direnişi zayıfladıkça da İsrail ve müttefikleri daha rahat hareket edebilmektedir. Nitekim ABD büyükelçiliğinin Kudüs’e taşınması gibi hadiseler bunun göstergesidir. Buradan hareketle, eldeki çalışma Hamas ve Fetih arasındaki çatışmayı şekillendiren faktörleri irdelemektedir. Hamas ve Fetih arasındaki anlaşmazlığın temelinde iki örgütün sahip olduğu farklı ideolojik duruşlar ve Filistin’in geleceğine dair sahip oldukları farklı vizyonlar yatmaktadır. Bununla birlikte, geçmişten günümüze İsrail ve ABD’nin Hamas ve Fetih yakınlaşmasını engellemeye yönelik politikaları da iki örgüt arasındaki anlaşmazlık ve mücadeleyi derinleştirmektedir. Bu argüman minvalinde yola çıkarak, eldeki çalışma Filistin’deki coğrafi ve siyasi bölünmüşlüğün altında yatan siyasi ve ideolojik nedenleri ve bununla birlikte bölünmüşlüğü derinleştiren İsrail ve ABD politikalarını irdeleyecektir

Keywords

Hamas, Fetih, Filistin Direnişi, İhvan, İsrail

Achilles Heels of the Palestinian Resistance: The Conflict between Hamas and Fatah

Abstract

Only a small piece of land that is Gaza Strip and West Bank has remained in the hands of Palestinians as a result of the ongoing policies of the State of Israel for decades. Having control on these territories, Palestine is geographically divided into two parts. Palestine today is also politically divided since Gaza Strip is controlled by Hamas and West Bank by Fatah. While weakening the Palestinian resistance and strengthening the Israeli position, these two organizations have disagreements and even conflict with each other for many years. Consequently, Palestinian resistance continuously loses ground politically and militarily. As Palestinian resistance weakens, Israel and its allies are able to implement their policies with respect to Palestinian question more freely. Recognizing Jerusalem as the capital of Israel, the decision of moving the US embassy in Israel from Tel Aviv to Jerusalem is a clear evidence of such freedom of movement. From this point, the conflict between Hamas and Fatah is an important fact undermining the effectiveness of Palestinian resistance. Therefore, this study questions the underlying reasons of the conflict between the two. It appears that their ideological differences with respect to the future of Palestine lie at the bottom of the conflict between Hamas and Fatah. In addition to this, the Israeli and US policies to obstruct Hamas-Fatah rapprochement deepen their conflict. Based on this argument, this study scrutinizes the political and ideological factors leading to the political and geographical division in Palestine together with the Israeli and US policies to deepen this division

Keywords

Hamas, Fatah, Palestinian Resistance, Muslim Brotherhood, Israel

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