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Filistin Direnişinde Aşil Tendonu: Hamas-Fetih Çatışması

Year 2018, Volume: 10 Issue: 21, 23 - 39, 23.12.2018

Abstract

İsrail devleti’nin on yıllardan beridir süren politikası neticesinde Filistinlilerin elinde sadece Gazze Şeridi ve Batı Şeria bölgeleri kalmıştır. Bu durum Filistin’i coğrafi olarak ikiye bölmektedir. Filistin aynı zamanda coğrafi bölünmüşlüğünün yanı sıra siyasi olarak da iki parçaya bölünmüş vaziyettedir. Gazze Şeridi’nde Hamas kontrolü varken, Batı Şeria Fetih denetimi altındadır. Filistin direnişine yön veren bu iki örgüt uzun yıllardan beridir anlaşmazlık içinde ve hatta birbirleriyle çatışma halindedir. Böylece Filistin direnişi zayıflarken, İsrail’in pozisyonu kuvvetlenmektedir. Sonuç olarak, Filistin direnişi coğrafi ve siyasi bölünmüşlük nedeniyle gerek siyasi gerekse de askeri bakımdan sürekli zemin kaybetmektedir. Filistin direnişi zayıfladıkça da İsrail ve müttefikleri daha rahat hareket edebilmektedir. Nitekim ABD büyükelçiliğinin Kudüs’e taşınması gibi hadiseler bunun göstergesidir. Buradan hareketle, eldeki çalışma Hamas ve Fetih arasındaki çatışmayı şekillendiren faktörleri irdelemektedir. Hamas ve Fetih arasındaki anlaşmazlığın temelinde iki örgütün sahip olduğu farklı ideolojik duruşlar ve Filistin’in geleceğine dair sahip oldukları farklı vizyonlar yatmaktadır. Bununla birlikte, geçmişten günümüze İsrail ve ABD’nin Hamas ve Fetih yakınlaşmasını engellemeye yönelik politikaları da iki örgüt arasındaki anlaşmazlık ve mücadeleyi derinleştirmektedir. Bu argüman minvalinde yola çıkarak, eldeki çalışma Filistin’deki coğrafi ve siyasi bölünmüşlüğün altında yatan siyasi ve ideolojik nedenleri ve bununla birlikte bölünmüşlüğü derinleştiren İsrail ve ABD politikalarını irdeleyecektir

References

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  • ABU-AMR, Ziad (1994). Islamic Fundamentalism in the West Bank and Gaza: Muslim Brotherhood and Islamic Jihad. Bloomington: Indiana University Press. Address by the Al-Fateh Delegation to The Second International Conference in Support of the Arab Peoples (1969) Cairo.
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  • CLEVELAND, William L. (2008). Modern OrtadoğuTarihi.çev. Mehmet Harmancı, İstanbul: Agora Kitaplığı.
  • COBBEN, Helena (1984). The Palestinian Liberation Organization. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
  • COOLEY, John (1973). Green March, Black September. Londra: Frank Cass. de Soto, Alvaro (2007). End of Mission Report.
  • DOYRAN, Ersin (2008). Bir Direniş Hareketi Olarak Hamas. Ankara: ElipsKitap.
  • ENTOUS, Adam (17.06.2007). “After Gaza, Some Question Who Was Overthrowing Whom”. Reuters, ErişimTarihi: 09.10.2018, https://uk.reuters.com/article/analysisgaza/after-gaza-some-question-whowas-overthrowing-whomidUKNOA84074520070618. “First Defeat” (28.02.1969).The Daily Telegraph.
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  • LØVLIE, Frode (2014). “Questioning the Secular-Religious Cleavage in Palestinian Politics: Comparing Fatah and Hamas”.Politics and Religion. 7: 100-121.
  • MCCARTHY, Rory (13.06.2007). “Secret UN Report Condemns US for Middle East Failures”. Guardian, ErişimTarihi: 10.10.2018, https://www.theguardian.com/world/2 007/jun/13/usa.israel.
  • PERETZ, Don (1990). Intifada: The Palestinian Uprising. Boulder, CO: Westview Press.
  • Political and Armed Struggle (1974). The Palestine Liberation Movement, Fateh. Revolution Until Victory (1970). The Palestine Liberation Movement, Fateh.
  • ROBINSON, Glenn E. (2004). “Hamas as Social Movement”, içindeQuintanWiktorowicz (Ed.), Islamic Activism: A Social Movement Theory Approach. Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 112-139.
  • ROY, Sara (2011). Hamas and Civil Society in Gaza: Engaging the Islamist Social Sector. Princeton ve Oxford: Princeton University Press.
  • SAYIGH, Yezid (1997). Armed Struggle and the Search for State: The Palestinian National Movement 1949-1993. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
  • SCHANZER, Jonathan (2008). Hamas vs. Fatah: The Struggle for Palestine. New York: Palgrave Macmillan.
  • SHARABI, Hisham (1970). Palestine Guerrillas: Their Credibility and Their Effectiveness. Washington, D.C.: The Center for Strategic and International Studies, Georgetown University.
  • TAMIMI, Azzam (2007). Hamas: A History from Within. Northampton, MA: Olive Branch Press.
  • TESSLER, Mark (1994). A History of the Israeli-Palestinian Conflict. Bloomington ve Indianapolis: Indiana University Press.
  • USHER, Graham (1999). Dispatches from Palestine: The Rise and Fall of the Oslo Peace Process. Londra: Pluto Press.
  • USHER, Graham (2006). “The Democratic Resistance: Hamas, Fatahi and the Palestinian Elections”. Journal of Palestine Studies, 35(3): 20-36.
  • ZELKOVITZ, Ido (2008). “Fatah’s Embrace of Islamism”. Middle East Quarterly, 15(2),https://www.meforum.org/articles/2008 /fatah-s-embrace-of-islamism.
  • 1968 FetihAnayasası.
  • 1988 FilistinBağımsızlıkDeklarasyonu.
  • 1988 Hamas Misakı.
  • 2003 FilistinTemelYasası.

Achilles Heels of the Palestinian Resistance: The Conflict between Hamas and Fatah

Year 2018, Volume: 10 Issue: 21, 23 - 39, 23.12.2018

Abstract

Only a small piece of land that is Gaza Strip and West Bank has remained in the hands of Palestinians as a result of the ongoing policies of the State of Israel for decades. Having control on these territories, Palestine is geographically divided into two parts. Palestine today is also politically divided since Gaza Strip is controlled by Hamas and West Bank by Fatah. While weakening the Palestinian resistance and strengthening the Israeli position, these two organizations have disagreements and even conflict with each other for many years. Consequently, Palestinian resistance continuously loses ground politically and militarily. As Palestinian resistance weakens, Israel and its allies are able to implement their policies with respect to Palestinian question more freely. Recognizing Jerusalem as the capital of Israel, the decision of moving the US embassy in Israel from Tel Aviv to Jerusalem is a clear evidence of such freedom of movement. From this point, the conflict between Hamas and Fatah is an important fact undermining the effectiveness of Palestinian resistance. Therefore, this study questions the underlying reasons of the conflict between the two. It appears that their ideological differences with respect to the future of Palestine lie at the bottom of the conflict between Hamas and Fatah. In addition to this, the Israeli and US policies to obstruct Hamas-Fatah rapprochement deepen their conflict. Based on this argument, this study scrutinizes the political and ideological factors leading to the political and geographical division in Palestine together with the Israeli and US policies to deepen this division

References

  • ABU-AMR, Ziad (1993). “Hamas: A Historical and Political Background”. Journal of Palestine Studies, 22(4): 5-19.
  • ABU-AMR, Ziad (1994). Islamic Fundamentalism in the West Bank and Gaza: Muslim Brotherhood and Islamic Jihad. Bloomington: Indiana University Press. Address by the Al-Fateh Delegation to The Second International Conference in Support of the Arab Peoples (1969) Cairo.
  • BOULBY, Marion (n.d.). “Muslim Brotherhood”.Oxford Bibliographies, Erişim Tarihi: 21.07.2018, http://www.Oxford bibliographies.com/view/ document/obo-9780195390155/obo- 9780195390155-0137.xml.
  • CHURBA, Joseph (1969). Fedayeen and the Middle East Crisis. Alabama: Aerospace Studies Institute, Air University.
  • CLEVELAND, William L. (2008). Modern OrtadoğuTarihi.çev. Mehmet Harmancı, İstanbul: Agora Kitaplığı.
  • COBBEN, Helena (1984). The Palestinian Liberation Organization. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
  • COOLEY, John (1973). Green March, Black September. Londra: Frank Cass. de Soto, Alvaro (2007). End of Mission Report.
  • DOYRAN, Ersin (2008). Bir Direniş Hareketi Olarak Hamas. Ankara: ElipsKitap.
  • ENTOUS, Adam (17.06.2007). “After Gaza, Some Question Who Was Overthrowing Whom”. Reuters, ErişimTarihi: 09.10.2018, https://uk.reuters.com/article/analysisgaza/after-gaza-some-question-whowas-overthrowing-whomidUKNOA84074520070618. “First Defeat” (28.02.1969).The Daily Telegraph.
  • FISHER, Eugene M. ve M. CherifBassiouni (1972).Storm over Arab World: A People in Revolution. Chicago: Follett Publishing Company.
  • HROUB, Khaled (2000). Hamas: Political Thought and Practice. Washington, D.C.: Institute for Palestine Studies.
  • HROUB, Khaled (2006). Hamas: A Beginner’s Guide. Londrave Ann Arbor: Pluto Press.
  • KLEIN, Menachem (1996). “Competing Brothers: The Web of Hamas-PLO Relations”.Terrorism and Political Violence, 8(2): 111-132. Kur’an-ıKerim DiyanetMeali.
  • LONG, Baudouin (2010). “The Hamas Agenda: How Has It Changed?”.Middle East Policy, 17(4): 131-143.
  • LØVLIE, Frode (2014). “Questioning the Secular-Religious Cleavage in Palestinian Politics: Comparing Fatah and Hamas”.Politics and Religion. 7: 100-121.
  • MCCARTHY, Rory (13.06.2007). “Secret UN Report Condemns US for Middle East Failures”. Guardian, ErişimTarihi: 10.10.2018, https://www.theguardian.com/world/2 007/jun/13/usa.israel.
  • PERETZ, Don (1990). Intifada: The Palestinian Uprising. Boulder, CO: Westview Press.
  • Political and Armed Struggle (1974). The Palestine Liberation Movement, Fateh. Revolution Until Victory (1970). The Palestine Liberation Movement, Fateh.
  • ROBINSON, Glenn E. (2004). “Hamas as Social Movement”, içindeQuintanWiktorowicz (Ed.), Islamic Activism: A Social Movement Theory Approach. Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 112-139.
  • ROY, Sara (2011). Hamas and Civil Society in Gaza: Engaging the Islamist Social Sector. Princeton ve Oxford: Princeton University Press.
  • SAYIGH, Yezid (1997). Armed Struggle and the Search for State: The Palestinian National Movement 1949-1993. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
  • SCHANZER, Jonathan (2008). Hamas vs. Fatah: The Struggle for Palestine. New York: Palgrave Macmillan.
  • SHARABI, Hisham (1970). Palestine Guerrillas: Their Credibility and Their Effectiveness. Washington, D.C.: The Center for Strategic and International Studies, Georgetown University.
  • TAMIMI, Azzam (2007). Hamas: A History from Within. Northampton, MA: Olive Branch Press.
  • TESSLER, Mark (1994). A History of the Israeli-Palestinian Conflict. Bloomington ve Indianapolis: Indiana University Press.
  • USHER, Graham (1999). Dispatches from Palestine: The Rise and Fall of the Oslo Peace Process. Londra: Pluto Press.
  • USHER, Graham (2006). “The Democratic Resistance: Hamas, Fatahi and the Palestinian Elections”. Journal of Palestine Studies, 35(3): 20-36.
  • ZELKOVITZ, Ido (2008). “Fatah’s Embrace of Islamism”. Middle East Quarterly, 15(2),https://www.meforum.org/articles/2008 /fatah-s-embrace-of-islamism.
  • 1968 FetihAnayasası.
  • 1988 FilistinBağımsızlıkDeklarasyonu.
  • 1988 Hamas Misakı.
  • 2003 FilistinTemelYasası.
There are 32 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Journal Section Research Article
Authors

Buğra Sarı

Publication Date December 23, 2018
Published in Issue Year 2018 Volume: 10 Issue: 21

Cite

APA Sarı, B. (2018). Filistin Direnişinde Aşil Tendonu: Hamas-Fetih Çatışması. Yeni Fikir Dergisi, 10(21), 23-39.
AMA Sarı B. Filistin Direnişinde Aşil Tendonu: Hamas-Fetih Çatışması. Yeni Fikir Journal. December 2018;10(21):23-39.
Chicago Sarı, Buğra. “Filistin Direnişinde Aşil Tendonu: Hamas-Fetih Çatışması”. Yeni Fikir Dergisi 10, no. 21 (December 2018): 23-39.
EndNote Sarı B (December 1, 2018) Filistin Direnişinde Aşil Tendonu: Hamas-Fetih Çatışması. Yeni Fikir Dergisi 10 21 23–39.
IEEE B. Sarı, “Filistin Direnişinde Aşil Tendonu: Hamas-Fetih Çatışması”, Yeni Fikir Journal, vol. 10, no. 21, pp. 23–39, 2018.
ISNAD Sarı, Buğra. “Filistin Direnişinde Aşil Tendonu: Hamas-Fetih Çatışması”. Yeni Fikir Dergisi 10/21 (December 2018), 23-39.
JAMA Sarı B. Filistin Direnişinde Aşil Tendonu: Hamas-Fetih Çatışması. Yeni Fikir Journal. 2018;10:23–39.
MLA Sarı, Buğra. “Filistin Direnişinde Aşil Tendonu: Hamas-Fetih Çatışması”. Yeni Fikir Dergisi, vol. 10, no. 21, 2018, pp. 23-39.
Vancouver Sarı B. Filistin Direnişinde Aşil Tendonu: Hamas-Fetih Çatışması. Yeni Fikir Journal. 2018;10(21):23-39.

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