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Yeşil Reklam Stratejilerinin Dijital Etkileşiminde “Vicdan Azabı” Duygusunun Rolü

Year 2022, Issue: 13, 310 - 336, 29.12.2022
https://doi.org/10.55609/yenimedya.1171503

Abstract

Tüm dünyada ekolojik kaygıların yükselmesi nedeniyle markalar üzerinde “yeşil olma” baskısı artmıştır ve iklim değişikliği tehdidi konusunda toplumsal bilincin güçlendirilmesi yeşil reklam stratejilerinin önemli bir bileşeni haline gelmiştir. Öte yandan, bazı markalar çevre yararına kendi sorumluluk ve katkılarını vurgulamak yerine tüketicinin markaların ürün ve hizmetlerini tüketmesi ile vicdan azabı duygusu arasında nedensellik ilişkisi kurarak ekolojik sorunlar konusunda tüketicinin sorumlu olduğunu iddia ederek “yanıltıcı” olabilmektedir. Bu varsayımlardan hareketle çalışmada, markaların tüketici karar alma sürecini etkilemek amacıyla bir reklam çekiciliği olarak kullandıkları “vicdan azabı” duygusunu hem marka reklamları hem de tüketicilerin reklamlar üzerinden anlam üretme biçimleri çerçevesinde araştırmak amaçlanmaktadır. Finish Türkiye’nin sosyal sorumluluk projesi “Yarının Suyu” reklam filmleri ve reklam filmlerine yapılan Youtube kullanıcı duvar yorumları içerik analizi yöntemiyle incelenmiştir. Araştırma sonuçları, reklam filmlerinde belirsiz dil kullanımının ve sorumluluk, kaygı, korku, üzüntü ve fedakârlık duygusal çekicilikleri aracılığıyla bireylerin su krizi üzerindeki denetiminin arttırılması yönünde “yanıltıcı” bir algının ve anlamlı bir eyleme katılma duygusunun yeniden üretildiğini ortaya çıkarmıştır. Kullanıcı duvar yorumlarında ise markanın yüzde 25 oranında vicdan azabına neden olan “yanıltıcı” duygulara neden olduğu ve böylece yorumların yüzde 19,5’inde markanın ve ürünün beğenildiği saptanmıştır. Beğeni oranın, reklamlarda ünlü ve müzik çekiciliklerinin birlikte kullanımıyla yükseldiği ve böylece dijital etkileşimin arttırdığı kaydedilmiştir. Öte yandan kullanıcıların, yorumların yüzde 22’sinde marka ve ürünü eleştirerek reklam filmi ve iletilen mesajı “yeşil aklama” olarak değerlendirdiği tespit edilmiştir.

References

  • Adorno, T. (2012). Ahlak Felsefesinin Sorunları. İstanbul : Metis Yayınları.
  • Akturan, U. (2018). How Does Greenwashing Affect Green Branding Equity and Purchase Intention? An Empirical Research. Marketing Intelligence & Planning, 36(7), 809-824.
  • Antonetti, P., Baines, P., & Jain, S. (2018). The persuasiveness of guilt appeals over time: Pathways to delayed compliance. Journal of Business Research(90), 14-25.
  • Boyce, R., Brown, T., McClelland, G., Peterson, G., & Schulze, W. (1992). An Experimental Examination of Intrinsic Values as a Source of the WTA-WTP Disparity. The American Economic Review, 82(5), 1366-1373.
  • Chang, C.-T. (2011). Guilt appeals in cause-related marketing The subversive roles of product type and donation magnitude. International Journal of Advertising The Quarterly Review of Marketing Communications, 30(4), 587-616.
  • Chang, C.-T. (2012). Are guilt appeals a panacea in green advertising? The right formula of issue proximity and environmental consciousness. International Journal of Advertising, 31(4), 741-771.
  • Chédotal, C., Berthe, B., Peyrelongue, B., & Gall-Ely, M. (2017). Using guilt appeals in communication. Recherche et Applications en Marketing, 32(4), 91-110.
  • Chen, Y.-S., & Chang, C.-H. (2013). Greenwash and Green Trust: The Mediation Effects of Green Consumer Confusion and Green Perceived Risk. J Bus Ethics , 114, 489-500.
  • Coulter, R., & Pinto, M. B. (1995). Guilt appeals in advertising: What are their effects? Journal of Applied Psychology, 80(6), 697-705.
  • Donskis, L., & Bauman, Z. (2020). Ahlaki Körlük. İstanbul: Ayrıntı Yayınları.
  • Finish. (2022). Yarının Suyu. Temmuz 2022 tarihinde Yarının Suyu: https://www.yarininsuyu.com adresinden alındı
  • Güngör, E. (1997). Ahlâk Psikolojisi ve Sosyal Ahlak. İstanbul: Ötüken.
  • Güngör, E. (1998). Değerler Psikolojisi Üzerine Araştırmalar. İstanbul: Ötüken Neşriyat.
  • Hartmann, P., & Ibanez, V. A. (2006). Green value added. Marketing Intelligence & Planning, 24(7).
  • Hartmann, P., Ibanez, V. A., & Sainz, F. F. (2005). Green Branding Effects on Attitude: Function Versus Emotional Positioning Strategies. Marketing Intelligence&Planning, 23(1), 9-29.
  • Jıménez , M., & Yang, K. C. (2008). How Guilt Level Affects Green Advertising Effectiveness? Journal of Creative Communications, 3(3), 231-254.
  • Jong, M., Harkink, K., & Barth, S. (2018). Making Green Stuff? Effects of Corporate Greenwashing on Consumers. Journal of Business and Technical Communication, 32(1), 77-112.
  • Jong, M., Huluba, G., & Beldad, A. (2020). Different Shades of Greenwashing: Consumers’ Reactions to Environmental Lies, Half-Lies, and Organizations Taking Credit for Following Legal Obligations. Journal of Business and Technical Communication, 34(1), 38-76.
  • Kurpierz, J. R., & Smith, K. (2020). The Greenwashing Triangle: Adapting Tools from Fraud to Improve CSR Reporting. Sustainability Accounting, Management and Policy Journal, 11(6), 1075-1093.
  • Majláth, M. (2017). The Effect of Greenwashing Information on Ad Evaluation. European Journal of Sustainable Development, 6(3), 92-104.
  • The United Nations. (2022). UN World Water Development Report 2022. Temmuz 2022 tarihinde United Nations: https://www.unwater.org/publications/un-world-water-development-report-2022 adresinden alındı
  • Parguel, B., Benoit-Moreau, F., & Russell, C. A. (2015). Can evoking nature in advertising mislead consumers? The power of ‘executional greenwashing'. International Journal of Advertising The Review of Marketing Communications, 34(1), 107-134.
  • Rahman, I., Park, J., & Geng-ging Chi, C. (tarih yok). Consequences Of “Greenwashing”: Consumers’ Reactions To Hotels’ Green Initiatives. International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management , 27(6), 1054-1081.
  • Report, T. U. (2022). Groundwater Maling the invisible visible. France: Unesco.
  • Simmel, G. (2009). Bireysellik ve Kültür. (T. Birkan, Çev.) İstanbul: Metis Yayınları.
  • Wang, H., Ma, B., & Bai, R. (2020). The spillover effect of greenwashing behaviors: an experimental approach. Marketing Intelligence & Planning, 38(3), 283-295.
  • Yıldız, E., & Kırmızıbiber, A. (2019). Yeşil Aklamanın Yeşil Marka Değeri Üzerindeki Etkleri: Otomobil Markaları Üzerine Bir Uygulama. Gümüşhane Üniversitesi İletişim Fakültesi Elektronik Dergisi, 7(2).
  • Yang, Z., Cao, T., Nguyen, T., Nguyen, H., & Nguyen, T. (2020). Greenwashing Behaviours: Causes, Taxonomy, and Consequences Based on a Systematic Literature Review. Journal of Business Economics and Management, 21(5), 1454-1507.
  • Yapraklı, T. Ş., & Yıldız, T. (2018). Yeşil Aklamanın Algılanan Risk, Kalite ve Memnuniyet Üzerindeki Etkisi. Kafkas Üniversitesi İktisadi ve idari Bilimler Fakültesi, 9(18).

The Role of “Remorse Emotion” in the Digital Interaction of Green Advertising Strategies

Year 2022, Issue: 13, 310 - 336, 29.12.2022
https://doi.org/10.55609/yenimedya.1171503

Abstract

Brands are facing growing pressure to be green due to the rise of major global environmental concerns, and strengthening public awareness on climate change has become an important component of green advertising strategies. However, companies can have “misleading” claims that the consumer is responsible for ecological threats instead of underlining their own responsibility and contribution. They can establish a causal relationship between the consumer’s consumption of the products and services and the remorse emotion. Based on these assumptions, it is aimed to investigate the “remorse emotion”, which brands use as an advertising appeal to impact the consumer decision-making process, both brand advertisements and the process of consumers producing meaning through advertisements. Finish Turkey’s social responsibility project “Tomorrow’s Water” commercials, and YouTube users’ comments were analyzed by content analysis method. Investigation results revealed that the use of ambiguous language in the commercials and the emotional appeals that responsibility, anxiety, fear, sadness, and sacrifice reproduced a “misleading” perception and a sense of participating in a meaningful action to increase the control of individuals over the water crisis. It was determined that the brand caused “misleading” remorse motion at a rate of 25 percent, and thus the brand and product were liked in 19.5 percent of the YouTube comments. It has been determined that the rate of likes and digital interaction increases with the use of celebrity and music appeals in advertisements. However, it was determined that users criticize the brand and product in 22 percent and evaluate the commercial and the message as greenwashing.

References

  • Adorno, T. (2012). Ahlak Felsefesinin Sorunları. İstanbul : Metis Yayınları.
  • Akturan, U. (2018). How Does Greenwashing Affect Green Branding Equity and Purchase Intention? An Empirical Research. Marketing Intelligence & Planning, 36(7), 809-824.
  • Antonetti, P., Baines, P., & Jain, S. (2018). The persuasiveness of guilt appeals over time: Pathways to delayed compliance. Journal of Business Research(90), 14-25.
  • Boyce, R., Brown, T., McClelland, G., Peterson, G., & Schulze, W. (1992). An Experimental Examination of Intrinsic Values as a Source of the WTA-WTP Disparity. The American Economic Review, 82(5), 1366-1373.
  • Chang, C.-T. (2011). Guilt appeals in cause-related marketing The subversive roles of product type and donation magnitude. International Journal of Advertising The Quarterly Review of Marketing Communications, 30(4), 587-616.
  • Chang, C.-T. (2012). Are guilt appeals a panacea in green advertising? The right formula of issue proximity and environmental consciousness. International Journal of Advertising, 31(4), 741-771.
  • Chédotal, C., Berthe, B., Peyrelongue, B., & Gall-Ely, M. (2017). Using guilt appeals in communication. Recherche et Applications en Marketing, 32(4), 91-110.
  • Chen, Y.-S., & Chang, C.-H. (2013). Greenwash and Green Trust: The Mediation Effects of Green Consumer Confusion and Green Perceived Risk. J Bus Ethics , 114, 489-500.
  • Coulter, R., & Pinto, M. B. (1995). Guilt appeals in advertising: What are their effects? Journal of Applied Psychology, 80(6), 697-705.
  • Donskis, L., & Bauman, Z. (2020). Ahlaki Körlük. İstanbul: Ayrıntı Yayınları.
  • Finish. (2022). Yarının Suyu. Temmuz 2022 tarihinde Yarının Suyu: https://www.yarininsuyu.com adresinden alındı
  • Güngör, E. (1997). Ahlâk Psikolojisi ve Sosyal Ahlak. İstanbul: Ötüken.
  • Güngör, E. (1998). Değerler Psikolojisi Üzerine Araştırmalar. İstanbul: Ötüken Neşriyat.
  • Hartmann, P., & Ibanez, V. A. (2006). Green value added. Marketing Intelligence & Planning, 24(7).
  • Hartmann, P., Ibanez, V. A., & Sainz, F. F. (2005). Green Branding Effects on Attitude: Function Versus Emotional Positioning Strategies. Marketing Intelligence&Planning, 23(1), 9-29.
  • Jıménez , M., & Yang, K. C. (2008). How Guilt Level Affects Green Advertising Effectiveness? Journal of Creative Communications, 3(3), 231-254.
  • Jong, M., Harkink, K., & Barth, S. (2018). Making Green Stuff? Effects of Corporate Greenwashing on Consumers. Journal of Business and Technical Communication, 32(1), 77-112.
  • Jong, M., Huluba, G., & Beldad, A. (2020). Different Shades of Greenwashing: Consumers’ Reactions to Environmental Lies, Half-Lies, and Organizations Taking Credit for Following Legal Obligations. Journal of Business and Technical Communication, 34(1), 38-76.
  • Kurpierz, J. R., & Smith, K. (2020). The Greenwashing Triangle: Adapting Tools from Fraud to Improve CSR Reporting. Sustainability Accounting, Management and Policy Journal, 11(6), 1075-1093.
  • Majláth, M. (2017). The Effect of Greenwashing Information on Ad Evaluation. European Journal of Sustainable Development, 6(3), 92-104.
  • The United Nations. (2022). UN World Water Development Report 2022. Temmuz 2022 tarihinde United Nations: https://www.unwater.org/publications/un-world-water-development-report-2022 adresinden alındı
  • Parguel, B., Benoit-Moreau, F., & Russell, C. A. (2015). Can evoking nature in advertising mislead consumers? The power of ‘executional greenwashing'. International Journal of Advertising The Review of Marketing Communications, 34(1), 107-134.
  • Rahman, I., Park, J., & Geng-ging Chi, C. (tarih yok). Consequences Of “Greenwashing”: Consumers’ Reactions To Hotels’ Green Initiatives. International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management , 27(6), 1054-1081.
  • Report, T. U. (2022). Groundwater Maling the invisible visible. France: Unesco.
  • Simmel, G. (2009). Bireysellik ve Kültür. (T. Birkan, Çev.) İstanbul: Metis Yayınları.
  • Wang, H., Ma, B., & Bai, R. (2020). The spillover effect of greenwashing behaviors: an experimental approach. Marketing Intelligence & Planning, 38(3), 283-295.
  • Yıldız, E., & Kırmızıbiber, A. (2019). Yeşil Aklamanın Yeşil Marka Değeri Üzerindeki Etkleri: Otomobil Markaları Üzerine Bir Uygulama. Gümüşhane Üniversitesi İletişim Fakültesi Elektronik Dergisi, 7(2).
  • Yang, Z., Cao, T., Nguyen, T., Nguyen, H., & Nguyen, T. (2020). Greenwashing Behaviours: Causes, Taxonomy, and Consequences Based on a Systematic Literature Review. Journal of Business Economics and Management, 21(5), 1454-1507.
  • Yapraklı, T. Ş., & Yıldız, T. (2018). Yeşil Aklamanın Algılanan Risk, Kalite ve Memnuniyet Üzerindeki Etkisi. Kafkas Üniversitesi İktisadi ve idari Bilimler Fakültesi, 9(18).
There are 29 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Journal Section Research Articles
Authors

Aysel Tapan 0000-0002-4270-4028

Publication Date December 29, 2022
Submission Date September 6, 2022
Published in Issue Year 2022 Issue: 13

Cite

APA Tapan, A. (2022). Yeşil Reklam Stratejilerinin Dijital Etkileşiminde “Vicdan Azabı” Duygusunun Rolü. Yeni Medya, 2022(13), 310-336. https://doi.org/10.55609/yenimedya.1171503