Ana Haber Bültenlerine Yönelik Netnografik Bir Alımlama Analizi

Year 2024, Issue: 17, 68 - 88, 26.12.2024

Türker Söğütlüler

https://doi.org/10.55609/yenimedya.1515569

Abstract

Sosyal bilimlerin köklü yöntemlerinden olan etnografi, özellikle antropoloji ve sosyoloji alanları tarafından sıklıkla kullanılmış, toplumsal olana ilişkin pratiklerin araştırılmasında öne çıkmıştır. Web 2.0 ile birlikte internetin etkileşim kazanan yapısı ise etnografi yönteminin dijital alanlara uyarlanma fikrini gündeme getirmiştir. Netnografi adıyla anılan ve sanal toplulukların davranışlarını incelemeye odaklanan yeni bir yöntemin temelleri atılmış, kullanımında iletişim bilimleri öncü bir rol üstlenmiştir. İngiliz Kültürel Çalışmalar Geleneği araştırmacıları ise alımlama yöntemini literatüre kazandırmış, kodlama-kodaçımlama olarak adlandırdıkları bir model önerisi sunmuştur. Amerikan Davranışçı Yaklaşımın aksine kitle iletişim araçları tarafından sunulan metinlerin toplum tarafından mutlak bir kabulle karşılanmadığını belirtmiş, bireylerin sunulan mesajları kendi süzgecinden geçirerek yeni bir anlam inşa ettiğini ileri sürmüştür. Çalışmada söz konusu iki yöntem birlikte kullanılarak Ekşi Sözlük kullanıcılarının Atv Ana Haber ve Fox Ana Haber bültenlerine ilişkin netnografik alımlama biçimleri araştırılmıştır. Ekşi Sözlük sitesinde haber bültenlerinin başlıkları altında yer alan 703 entry incelenmiş; egemen, müzakereci ve karşıt okuma biçimi olarak kategorilendirimiştir. Frekans dağılımları IBM SPSS Statistics 22.0 programı kullanılarak oluşturulmuştur. Netnografi yöntemi ile alımlama yöntemlerinin birlikte kullanıma uygun olduğu görülmüş; izleyicilerin alımlama biçimlerinin sevilen sunucunun programdan ayrılması, programın ideolojik yöneliminin değişmesi, tarafsızlık ilkesine riayet edilmemesi, yankı çemberi etkisi sebepleriyle egemen biçimden müzakereci ve karşıt biçime döndüğü sonucuna varılmıştır.

Keywords

İletişim Çalışmaları, İzleyici, Netnografi, Alımlama Analizi, Dijital Kültür

Ethical Statement

Çalışma bilimsel etik kurallar çerçevesinde hazırlanmıştır.

Supporting Institution

Destekleyen kurum-kuruluş bulunmamaktadır.

A Netnographic Reception Analysis of Main News Bulletins

Abstract

Ethnography, one of the long-established methods of social sciences, has been frequently used especially by the fields of anthropology and sociology, and has come to the fore in the research of practices related to the social. The interactive structure of the internet with Web 2.0 has brought the idea of adapting the ethnography method to digital fields to the agenda. The foundations of a new method called Netnography, which focuses on examining the behaviour of virtual communities, have been laid and communication sciences have taken a leading role in its use. Researchers of the British Cultural Studies Tradition introduced the reception method to the literature and proposed a model called encoding-decoding. Contrary to the American Behaviourist Approach, the researchers stated that the texts presented by the mass media are not met with absolute acceptance by the society and argued that individuals construct a new meaning by filtering the messages presented through their own filters. In this study, by using these two methods together, the netnographic reception patterns of Ekşi Sözlük users regarding Atv Main News and Fox Main News bulletins were investigated. The 703 entries under the titles of the news bulletins in Ekşi Sözlük were analysed and categorised as dominant, negotiative and oppositional reading styles. Frequency distributions were generated using IBM SPSS Statistics 22.0 programme. Netnography method and reception methods were found to be suitable for use together; it was concluded that the reception styles of the viewers turned from dominant to negotiative and oppositional due to the departure of the popular presenter from the programme, the change in the ideological orientation of the programme, the non-compliance with the principle of impartiality, and the echo chamber effect.

Keywords

Communication Studies, Audience, Netnography, Reception Analysis, Digital Culture

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