Middle-Late Miocene Spalacidae (Mammalia) From Western Anatolia, and the Phylogeny of the Family

Year 2011, Volume: 32 Issue: 1, 141 - 168, 01.02.2011

Şevket Şen Nuran Sarıca

Abstract

Keywords

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Orta-Geç Miyosen Batı Anadolu Spalacidae (Mammalia) Fosillerinin Ailenin Evrimine Katkısı

Abstract

Köstebekler (Spalacidae (Rodentia, Mammalia) Türkiye’de Neojen ve Kuvaterner yaşlı faunalar içinde sıkça bulunanlardır. Erken Miyosen’den beri gösterdikleri güçlü evrim dinamiği nedeniyle, bu ailenin türleri Neojen ve Kuvaterner karasal tortulların yaşlandırılmasında başarılı olarak kullanılır. Bu yayında Batı Anadolu’da Orta-Geç Miyosen yaşlı üç lokasyonda bulunmuş Spalacidae fosilleri ve onların içerdiği iki yeni tür tanımlandı. Bu aileye katılan cinslerin tek kökenli olup olamadığını ve türler arasındaki evrimsel bağlantıları aramak için kladistik analiz yöntemi kullanıldı. Ailenin evrimsel sürecini ve yeraltı yaşamına uyma nedenlerini daha iyi anlamak amacıyla da bilinen bütün fosil türlerin diş yapıları incelendi. Elde edilen sonuçlar, Spalacidae ailesinin, daha önceki çalışmalarda da belirtildiği gibi, büyük bir olasılıkla Anadolu’da Oligosenden beri bilinen Cricetidae ailesinden Erken Miyosen veya öncesinde türediğini kanıtlar. Kısa sürede Anadolu çevresindeki bölgelere de ulaşan bu ailenin azami dağılımı Kuvaterner’de gerçekleşir. Köstebeklerin salt yeraltı yaşamına uyuşları büyük olasılıkla Geç Miyosen döneminde açık ortamların Batı Asya ve Güneydoğu Avrupa’da yaygınlaşmasına bağlanabilir

Keywords

Biyostratigrafi, evrim, kladistik analiz, Miyosen, Rodentia, Spalacidae, Türkiye

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