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IGS-RTS ürünleri kullanılarak gerçek-zamanlı hassas nokta konumlama (RT-PPP) tekniğinin performans analizi: Antarktika örneği

Year 2022, Volume: 43 Issue: 1, 76 - 95, 29.03.2022
https://doi.org/10.17824/yerbilimleri.1050124

Abstract

Bu çalışmada, aralarında Türkiye’nin de yer aldığı 30 ülkenin 100 civarında bilim üssünün bulunduğu Antarktika kıtasında farklı meslek disiplinlerince gerçekleştirilecek çalışmalarda gereksinim duyulan 3-Boyutlu (3B) konum bilgisinin üretilmesinde uydu-bazlı konum belirleme yöntemleri içerisinde yer alan gerçek-zamanlı Hassas Nokta Konum Belirleme (RT-PPP) tekniğinin kullanılabilirliği ele alınmıştır. Uygulamada, Türk Antarktik Bilim Üssünün kurulacağı Horseshoe adasına en yakın sürekli gözlem yapan ve ölçülerini gerçek-zamanlı olarak internetten yayınlayan IGS-MGEX- Real Time Service (RTS) ağ noktalarından birisi olan OHI300ATA istasyonu verileri kullanılmıştır. RT-PPP tekniğinin performansını değerlendirmek için bu referans istasyonunun her bir ölçme epoğundaki anlık koordinatları, IGS-MGEX RTS projesi kapsamında çalışmalarını sürdüren analiz merkezlerinden olan Alman DLR ve Fransız CNES kurumları tarafından üretilen çoklu-GNSS gerçek-zamanlı düzeltme ürünleri kullanılarak, farklı uydu konfigürasyonları (GPS; GPS+GLONASS; GPS+GLONASS+Galileo GPS+GLONASS+Galileo+BDS) için belirlenmiştir. Böylelikle hem farklı GNSS uydu sistemlerinin hem de IGS’in iki farklı analiz merkezinden alınan farklı düzeltme ürünlerinin (hassas uydu yörünge ve saat düzeltmelerinin) RT-PPP çözümleri üzerindeki etkileri incelenmiştir. Çalışma sonucunda, RT-PPP çözümüne ardışık olarak ilave edilen GNSS uydu sistemlerinin, tek başına GPS gözlemlerinin kullanımına kıyasla RT-PPP çözüm doğruluğunu iyileştirdiği ve yakınsama süresini kısalttığı gözlemlenmiştir. Buna ek olarak RT-PPP tekniğinin performansının çözüm için kullanılan IGS ürünlerine de bağlı olduğu ortaya çıkmıştır. Tüm bu bulgular sonucunda, Antarktika kıtasında çoklu-GNSS (multi-GNSS) RT-PPP tekniği ile, çözümde kullanılan IGS Analiz Merkezlerinin düzeltme ürünlerine ve uydu konfigürasyonuna bağlı olarak yaklaşık 10-60 dakika arasında değişen yakınsama süreleri sonrasında, cm ila iki dm arasında değişen doğruluklarla gerçek-zamanlı yatay konum ve yükseklik belirlemenin mümkün olduğu görülmüştür.

Thanks

Çalışmanın uygulama kısmında kullanılan GNSS verileri ve ürünlerine erişim imkânı verdikleri için IGS’e ve IGS Analiz Merkezlerine, RT-PPP çözümlerinde kullanılan BNC yazılımı için Bundesamt für Kartographie und Geodäsie’ye içtenlikle teşekkürlerimizi sunuyoruz. Çalışmadaki bazı şekiller, açık kaynak kodlu GNSSpy yazılımı kullanılarak oluşturulmuştur (Işık vd., 2021). Son olarak, makalenin gözden geçirilmesi için katkıları ve destekleri nedeniyle editör ve iki anonim hakeme teşekkür ederiz.

References

  • AFI (Antarctic Facilities Information), 2021. The Council of Managers of National Antarctic Programs (COMNAP), https://www.comnap.aq, 16 Aralık 2021.
  • Anderle, R.J., 1976. Satellite Doppler Positioning. International Geodetic Symposium, A77-47370 22-43, Las Cruces-New Mexico-ABD, 47-75.
  • Zumberge, J.F., Heflin, M.B., Jefferson, D.C., Watkins, M.M. ve Webb, F.H., 1997. Precise Point Positioning for the Efficient and Robust Analysis of GPS Data from Large Networks. Journal of Geophysical Research, 102 (B3), 5005-5017. https://doi.org/10.1029/96JB03860
  • Jensen, A.B.O. ve Sicard, J-P., 2010. Challenges for Positioning and Navigation in the Arctic. Coordinates, 6(10), 10-13.
  • Jong, K., Goode, M., Liu, X. ve Stone, M., 2014. Precise GNSS Positioning in Arctic Regions. Arctic Technology Conference 2014, Houston, Texas, USA. https://doi.org/10.4043/24651-MS
  • Li, M., Xu, T., Flechtner, F., Förste, C., Lu, B. ve He, K., 2019. Improving the Performance of Multi-GNSS (Global Navigation Satellite System) Ambiguity Fixing for Airborne Kinematic Positioning over Antarctica. Remote Sensing, 11(8), 992. https://doi.org/10.3390/rs11080992
  • Erol, S., Mutlu, B., Erol, B., Katıgöz, S. ve Alkan, R.M., 2020. Antarktika Kıtasında Hassas Nokta Konumlama (Precise Point Positioning-PPP) Tekniğinin Performansının İncelenmesi. Afyon Kocatepe Üniversitesi Fen ve Mühendislik Bilimleri Dergisi, 20(5), 844-856.
  • Yastrebova, A., Höyhtyä, M., Boumard, S., Lohan, E.S., ve Ometov, A., 2021. Positioning in the Arctic Region: State-of-the-Art and Future Perspectives. IEEE Access, 9, 53964-53978. https://doi.org/10.1109/ACCESS.2021.3069315
  • Zhang, Q., Chen, Z., Cui, Y., Zheng, X., Rong, F., Sun, Y. ve Gao, L. A. 2020. Refined Metric for Multi-GNSS Constellation Availability Assessment in Polar Regions. Advances in Space Research, 66, 655-670. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.asr.2020.04.033
  • Duong, V., Harima, K., Choy, S., Laurichesse, D. ve Rizos, C., 2020. Assessing the Performance of Multi-frequency GPS, Galileo and BeiDou PPP Ambiguity Resolution. Journal of Spatial Science, 65(1), 61-78. https://doi.org/10.1080/14498596.2019.1658652
  • Chen, J., Zhao, X., Liu, C., Zhu, S., Liu, Z. ve Yue, D., 2021. Evaluating the Latest Performance of Precise Point Positioning in Multi-GNSS/RNSS: GPS, GLONASS, BDS, Galileo and QZSS. Journal of Navigation, 74(1), 247-267. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0373463320000508
  • Vaclavovic, P. ve Nesvadba, O., 2020. Comparison and Assessment of Float, Fixed, and Smoothed Precise Point Positioning. Acta Geodynamica Et Geomaterialia, 17(3), 329-340. https://doi.org/10.13168/AGG.2020.0024
  • Wang, Z., Li, Z., Wang, L., Wang, X. ve Yuan, H., 2018. Assessment of Multiple GNSS Real-Time SSR Products from Different Analysis Centers. International Journal of Geo-Information, 7(3), 85. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijgi7030085
  • Monico, J.F.G., Marques, H.A., Tsuchiya, Í., Oyama, R.T., de Queiroz, W.R.S., de Souza, M.C. ve Wentz, J.P., 2019. Real Time PPP Applied to Airplane Fligtht Tests. Boletim de Ciências Geodésicas, 25(2). https://doi.org/10.1590/s1982-21702019000200009
  • Wang, L., Li, Z., Ge, M., Neitzel, F., Wang, X. ve Yuan, H., 2019. Investigation of the Performance of Real-time BDS-only Precise Point Positioning Using the IGS Real-time Service. GPS Solutions, 23(3), Article: 66, 1-12. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10291-019-0856-9
  • Yang, F., Zhao, L., Li, L., Feng, S. ve Cheng, J., 2019. Performance Evaluation of Kinematic BDS/GNSS Real-Time Precise Point Positioning for Maritime Positioning. The Journal of Navigation, 72(1), 34-52. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0373463318000644
  • Di, M., Zhang, A., Guo, B., Zhang, J., Liu, R. ve Li, M., 2020. Evaluation of Real-Time PPP-Based Tide Measurement Using IGS Real-Time Service. Sensors, 20(10):2968. https://doi.org/10.3390/s20102968
  • Alcay, S. ve Turgut, M., 2021. Evaluation of the Positioning Performance of Multi-GNSS RT-PPP Method. Arabian Journal of Geosciences, 14:155. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12517-021-06534-4
  • IGS (International GNSS Service), 2021. OHI300ATA Site Information Form (site log), https://files.igs.org/pub/station/log_9char/ohi300ata_20211005.log 16 Aralık 2021.
  • Weber, G., Mervart, L., Stuerze, A., Rülke, A. ve Stöcker, D., 2016. BKG Ntrip Client (BNC) Version 2.12 User Manual. Federal Agency for Cartography and Geodesy (BKG), Frankfurt, Germany.
  • Işık, M. S., Özbey, V., Erol, S. ve Tarı, E., 2021. GNSSpy: Python Toolkit for GNSS Data, 2021 IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium IGARSS, 8550-8553. https://doi.org/10.1109/IGARSS47720.2021.9553880

Performance analysis of real-time precise point positioning (RT-PPP) technique using IGS-RTS products: A case study in Antarctica

Year 2022, Volume: 43 Issue: 1, 76 - 95, 29.03.2022
https://doi.org/10.17824/yerbilimleri.1050124

Abstract

In this study, the usability of Real-Time Precise Point Positioning (RT-PPP) technique, which is one of the satellite-based positioning methods, in the production of 3-Dimensional (3D) position information required for all kinds of studies to be carried out by different disciplines in the Antarctica continent, where there are almost 100 science bases of around 30 countries including Turkey, was discussed. As a data source, the nearest GNSS station to the Horseshoe island, where the Turkish Antarctic Science Base will be established, OHI300ATA was chosen because it is one of the IGS-MGEX Real Time Service (RTS) network points which makes continuous observations and broadcasts in real-time from the internet. In order to evaluate the performance of the RT-PPP technique, the real-time coordinates of the reference station in each epoch were determined for different satellite configurations (GPS; GPS+GLONASS; GPS+GLONASS+Galileo GPS+GLONASS+Galileo+BDS) by using multi-GNSS real-time correction products produced by German DLR and French CNES institutions, which are analysis centers working within the scope of the IGS-MGEX RTS project. Thus, the effects of both different GNSS satellite systems and different correction products (precise satellite orbit and clock corrections) taken from two different analysis centers of IGS on RT-PPP solutions were investigated. As a result of the study, it was observed that GNSS satellite systems added to the RT-PPP solution sequentially, improved the RT-PPP solution accuracy and shortened the convergence time compared to the use of GPS-only observations. In addition, it has been revealed that the performance of the RT-PPP technique also depends on the IGS products used for the solution. According to all these findings, it was possible to determine real-time 2D horizontal position and height with a cm to two dm accuracy, respectively in the Antarctica continent by using the multi-GNSS RT-PPP technique, after convergence times ranging from about 10-60 minutes depending on the correction products of the IGS Analysis Centers used in the solution and the satellite configuration.

References

  • AFI (Antarctic Facilities Information), 2021. The Council of Managers of National Antarctic Programs (COMNAP), https://www.comnap.aq, 16 Aralık 2021.
  • Anderle, R.J., 1976. Satellite Doppler Positioning. International Geodetic Symposium, A77-47370 22-43, Las Cruces-New Mexico-ABD, 47-75.
  • Zumberge, J.F., Heflin, M.B., Jefferson, D.C., Watkins, M.M. ve Webb, F.H., 1997. Precise Point Positioning for the Efficient and Robust Analysis of GPS Data from Large Networks. Journal of Geophysical Research, 102 (B3), 5005-5017. https://doi.org/10.1029/96JB03860
  • Jensen, A.B.O. ve Sicard, J-P., 2010. Challenges for Positioning and Navigation in the Arctic. Coordinates, 6(10), 10-13.
  • Jong, K., Goode, M., Liu, X. ve Stone, M., 2014. Precise GNSS Positioning in Arctic Regions. Arctic Technology Conference 2014, Houston, Texas, USA. https://doi.org/10.4043/24651-MS
  • Li, M., Xu, T., Flechtner, F., Förste, C., Lu, B. ve He, K., 2019. Improving the Performance of Multi-GNSS (Global Navigation Satellite System) Ambiguity Fixing for Airborne Kinematic Positioning over Antarctica. Remote Sensing, 11(8), 992. https://doi.org/10.3390/rs11080992
  • Erol, S., Mutlu, B., Erol, B., Katıgöz, S. ve Alkan, R.M., 2020. Antarktika Kıtasında Hassas Nokta Konumlama (Precise Point Positioning-PPP) Tekniğinin Performansının İncelenmesi. Afyon Kocatepe Üniversitesi Fen ve Mühendislik Bilimleri Dergisi, 20(5), 844-856.
  • Yastrebova, A., Höyhtyä, M., Boumard, S., Lohan, E.S., ve Ometov, A., 2021. Positioning in the Arctic Region: State-of-the-Art and Future Perspectives. IEEE Access, 9, 53964-53978. https://doi.org/10.1109/ACCESS.2021.3069315
  • Zhang, Q., Chen, Z., Cui, Y., Zheng, X., Rong, F., Sun, Y. ve Gao, L. A. 2020. Refined Metric for Multi-GNSS Constellation Availability Assessment in Polar Regions. Advances in Space Research, 66, 655-670. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.asr.2020.04.033
  • Duong, V., Harima, K., Choy, S., Laurichesse, D. ve Rizos, C., 2020. Assessing the Performance of Multi-frequency GPS, Galileo and BeiDou PPP Ambiguity Resolution. Journal of Spatial Science, 65(1), 61-78. https://doi.org/10.1080/14498596.2019.1658652
  • Chen, J., Zhao, X., Liu, C., Zhu, S., Liu, Z. ve Yue, D., 2021. Evaluating the Latest Performance of Precise Point Positioning in Multi-GNSS/RNSS: GPS, GLONASS, BDS, Galileo and QZSS. Journal of Navigation, 74(1), 247-267. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0373463320000508
  • Vaclavovic, P. ve Nesvadba, O., 2020. Comparison and Assessment of Float, Fixed, and Smoothed Precise Point Positioning. Acta Geodynamica Et Geomaterialia, 17(3), 329-340. https://doi.org/10.13168/AGG.2020.0024
  • Wang, Z., Li, Z., Wang, L., Wang, X. ve Yuan, H., 2018. Assessment of Multiple GNSS Real-Time SSR Products from Different Analysis Centers. International Journal of Geo-Information, 7(3), 85. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijgi7030085
  • Monico, J.F.G., Marques, H.A., Tsuchiya, Í., Oyama, R.T., de Queiroz, W.R.S., de Souza, M.C. ve Wentz, J.P., 2019. Real Time PPP Applied to Airplane Fligtht Tests. Boletim de Ciências Geodésicas, 25(2). https://doi.org/10.1590/s1982-21702019000200009
  • Wang, L., Li, Z., Ge, M., Neitzel, F., Wang, X. ve Yuan, H., 2019. Investigation of the Performance of Real-time BDS-only Precise Point Positioning Using the IGS Real-time Service. GPS Solutions, 23(3), Article: 66, 1-12. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10291-019-0856-9
  • Yang, F., Zhao, L., Li, L., Feng, S. ve Cheng, J., 2019. Performance Evaluation of Kinematic BDS/GNSS Real-Time Precise Point Positioning for Maritime Positioning. The Journal of Navigation, 72(1), 34-52. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0373463318000644
  • Di, M., Zhang, A., Guo, B., Zhang, J., Liu, R. ve Li, M., 2020. Evaluation of Real-Time PPP-Based Tide Measurement Using IGS Real-Time Service. Sensors, 20(10):2968. https://doi.org/10.3390/s20102968
  • Alcay, S. ve Turgut, M., 2021. Evaluation of the Positioning Performance of Multi-GNSS RT-PPP Method. Arabian Journal of Geosciences, 14:155. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12517-021-06534-4
  • IGS (International GNSS Service), 2021. OHI300ATA Site Information Form (site log), https://files.igs.org/pub/station/log_9char/ohi300ata_20211005.log 16 Aralık 2021.
  • Weber, G., Mervart, L., Stuerze, A., Rülke, A. ve Stöcker, D., 2016. BKG Ntrip Client (BNC) Version 2.12 User Manual. Federal Agency for Cartography and Geodesy (BKG), Frankfurt, Germany.
  • Işık, M. S., Özbey, V., Erol, S. ve Tarı, E., 2021. GNSSpy: Python Toolkit for GNSS Data, 2021 IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium IGARSS, 8550-8553. https://doi.org/10.1109/IGARSS47720.2021.9553880
There are 21 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Subjects Engineering
Journal Section Articles
Authors

Reha Metin Alkan 0000-0002-1981-9783

Serdar Erol 0000-0002-7100-8267

Bilal Mutlu 0000-0002-9763-0345

Publication Date March 29, 2022
Submission Date December 28, 2021
Acceptance Date February 28, 2022
Published in Issue Year 2022 Volume: 43 Issue: 1

Cite

EndNote Alkan RM, Erol S, Mutlu B (March 1, 2022) IGS-RTS ürünleri kullanılarak gerçek-zamanlı hassas nokta konumlama (RT-PPP) tekniğinin performans analizi: Antarktika örneği. Yerbilimleri 43 1 76–95.