Bulaşıcı Olmayan Hastalıkların Patofizyolojisinde Arjininin Rolü

Yıl 2022, Cilt: 3 Sayı: 3, 144 - 152, 30.07.2022

Betül Sukan Karaçağıl , Yasemin Akdevelioğlu

Öz

Çoğu kronik olan “bulaşıcı olmayan hastalıklar (BOH)
her yıl 41 milyon insanın ölümünden sorumludur ve bu
sayı tüm dünyadaki ölüm nedenlerinin %71’ini oluşturmaktadır. Türkiye’de ise 2020 yılında BOH’lardan kaynaklanan ölüm oranı %89 olup, kardiyovasküler hastalıklar
(%36,8), tümörler (%18,4) ve solunum sistemi hastalıkları (%12,9) ölüm sebeplerinin ilk üçünü oluşturmaktadır.
Yüksek ölüm oranları BOH’ları küresel bir endişe kaynağı
haline getirmektedir.
BOH’ların oluşmasında genetik ve fizyolojik faktörlerin
yanı sıra çevresel ve davranışsal faktörler de etkilidir. Çevresel ve davranışsal faktörler değiştirilebilir nitelik taşıdığı
için BOH riskinin azaltılmasında etkili stratejiler sunmaktadır. Bu nedenle besin öğesi ve kronik hastalık ilişkisinin
aydınlatılması BOH’ların tanı ve tedavisinde önem arz
etmektedir.
Bir besin öğesi olan arjinin, şartlı esansiyel bir aminoasittir
ve birçok hastalığın patofizyolojisi ile yakından ilişkilidir.
Arjinin ve türev moleküllerinin veya metabolizmasında
rol alan enzimler ve metabolitlerinin bazı BOH’lar için
biyobelirteç veya teröpatik bir hedef olabileceği düşünülmektedir. Literatürde güncel ve tartışmalı bir konu olan
arjinin-kronik hastalık ilişkisinin netleştirilmesi için daha
fazla bilimsel çalışmaya ihtiyaç duyulmaktadır.
Bu derleme ile arjinin ile bazı kronik hastalıkların ilişkisi
güncel çalışmalar ile tartışılarak, BOH’ların önlenmesi ve
tedavisi için gelecekteki çalışmalara ışık tutmak amaçlanmaktadır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Bulaşıcı Olmayan Hastalıklar, Kronik Hastalıklar, Arjinin

Kaynakça

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