Abstract

Aim: The aim of this study is to examine the negative effects of intimate partner violence during pregnancy on maternal and infant health. Methods: In this study, which is a systematic review; Between 2020 and 2022, Google Scholar, Pubmed, Scopus databases were searched using the keywords "intimate partner violence, pregnancy, women health, postpartum". 4241 results registered in the databases were reached, 45 studies were examined in terms of content, and 17 studies were included in the research and systematically examined. Results: The 17 studies included in the study, 12 were cross-sectional and 5 were cohort design type. 33.4% of the women included in the study are exposed to intimate partner violence and its incidence is listed as psychological, physical and sexual violence. Maternal consequences of intimate partner violence during pregnancy; depression, anxiety, suicidal thoughts, chronic pain, delayed start of breastfeeding after birth, sleep and nutrition disorders, pregnancy and birth complications, abortion and increased cesarean section rates are observed. Newborn results are; includes premature birth, stillbirth, intrauterine growth retardation, low birth weight, and hospitalization in the neonatal intensive care unit. Conclusion: Violence experienced during pregnancy; It is a condition that affects mother-infant morbidity and mortality, can cause pregnancy and postpartum complications, delays healing and complicates compliance with treatment. In this context, it is necessary to increase the frequency of antenatal care during pregnancy, to determine risk factors and signs of violence through detailed anamnesis and physical examination in interviews with the mother, to determine social support and individual coping methods, and to direct the woman to appropriate units so that she can get help by ensuring her safety.

GEBELİKTE YAKIN PARTNER ŞİDDETİNİN ANNE-BEBEK SAĞLIĞI ÜZERİNE ETKİLERİ: SİSTEMATİK BİR DERLEME

Abstract

AAmaç: Bu çalışma gebelikte maruz kalınan yakın partner şiddetinin anne ve bebek sağlığına olumsuz etkilerini incelemek amacıyla yapılmaktadır. Yöntem: Sistematik derleme niteliğindeki bu çalışmada; 2020-2022 yılları arasında Google Akademik, Pubmed, Scopus veritabanlarında “intimate partner violence, pregnancy, women health, postpartum” anahtar kelimeleri kullanılarak tarama yapılmıştır. Veri tabanlarına kayıtlı 4241 sonuca ulaşılmış, içerik açısından 45 çalışma incelenmiş ve 17 çalışma araştırmaya dahil edilerek sistematik olarak incelenmiştir. Bulgular: Araştırmaya dahil edilen 17 çalışmanın 12’si kesitsel, 5’i kohort tasarım tipindedir. Araştırma kapsamına alınan kadınların %33.4’ü yakın partner şiddetine maruz kalmakta ve görülme sıklığı psikolojik, fiziksel ve cinsel şiddet olarak sıralanmaktadır. Gebelikte maruz kalınan yakın partner şiddetinin maternal sonuçları; depresyon, anksiyete, intihar düşünceleri, kronik ağrılar, doğumdan sonra emzirmeye geç başlama, uyku ve beslenme bozuklukları, gebelik ve doğum komplikasyonları, abortus ve artan sezaryen oranları olarak gözlemlenmektedir. Yenidoğan sonuçları ise; erken doğum, ölü doğum, intrauterin büyüme geriliği, düşük doğum ağırlığı, yenidoğan yoğun bakım ünitesine yatışı içermektedir. Sonuç: Gebelikte maruz kalınan şiddet; anne-bebek morbidite ve mortalitesini etkileyen, gebelik ve doğum sonrası komplikasyonlara sebep olabilen, iyileşmeyi geciktiren ve tedaviye uyumu zorlaştıran bir durumdur. Bu bağlamda gebelik süresince yapılan antenatal bakımların sıklaştırılması, anne ile yapılan görüşmelerde detaylı anamnez ve fiziksel muayene ile risk faktörlerinin ve şiddet bulgularının saptanması, sosyal destek ve bireysel baş etme yöntemlerinin belirlenmesi, kadının güvenliğinin sağlanarak yardım alabilmesi için uygun birimlere yönlendirilmesi gerekmektedir.

Keywords

• intimate partner violence
• pregnancy
• women health
• postpartum

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