Systematic Reviews and Meta Analysis
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Year 2023, Volume: 4 Issue: 3, 315 - 327, 19.12.2023

Eda Yüzügüler , Pınar Irmak Vural , Yeliz Yıldırım Varışoğlu

Abstract

Aim: The aim of this study is to examine the negative effects of intimate partner violence during pregnancy on maternal and infant health.
Methods: In this study, which is a systematic review; Between 2020 and 2022, Google Scholar, Pubmed, Scopus databases were searched using the keywords "intimate partner violence, pregnancy, women health, postpartum". 4241 results registered in the databases were reached, 45 studies were examined in terms of content, and 17 studies were included in the research and systematically examined.
Results: The 17 studies included in the study, 12 were cross-sectional and 5 were cohort design type. 33.4% of the women included in the study are exposed to intimate partner violence and its incidence is listed as psychological, physical and sexual violence. Maternal consequences of intimate partner violence during pregnancy; depression, anxiety, suicidal thoughts, chronic pain, delayed start of breastfeeding after birth, sleep and nutrition disorders, pregnancy and birth complications, abortion and increased cesarean section rates are observed. Newborn results are; includes premature birth, stillbirth, intrauterine growth retardation, low birth weight, and hospitalization in the neonatal intensive care unit.
Conclusion: Violence experienced during pregnancy; It is a condition that affects mother-infant morbidity and mortality, can cause pregnancy and postpartum complications, delays healing and complicates compliance with treatment. In this context, it is necessary to increase the frequency of antenatal care during pregnancy, to determine risk factors and signs of violence through detailed anamnesis and physical examination in interviews with the mother, to determine social support and individual coping methods, and to direct the woman to appropriate units so that she can get help by ensuring her safety.

References

  • 1. World Health Organizations. Intimate partner violence during pregnancy. Erişim tarihi: 31.07.2022. Erişim Adresi: https://www.who.int/reproductivehealth/publications/violence/rhr_11_35/en/.
  • 2. World Health Organizations. devastatingly pervasive: 1 in 3 women globally experience violence. Erişim tarihi: 31.07.2022. Erişim Adresi: https://www.who.int/news/item/09-03-2021-devastatingly-pervasive-1-in-3-women-globally-experience-violence.
  • 3. World Health Organizations. Global and regional esti­mates of violence against women: Prevalence and health effects of intimate partner violence and non­partner violence. Erişim tarihi: 31.07.2022. Erişim Adresi: https://apps.who.int/iris/bitstream/handle/10665/85239/9789241564625_eng.pdf.
  • 4. World Health Organizations. Multi-country study on women's health and domestic violence against women: lnitial results on prevalence, health outcomes and women's responses. Erişim tarihi:31.07.2022. Erişim Adresi:https://apps.who.int/iris/handle/10665/43309.
  • 5. World Health Organizations. Violence against women prevalence estimates 2018. Erişim tarihi:31.07.2022. Erişim Adresi:https://www.who.int/publications/i/item/9789240022256.
  • 6. OECD International Development Statistics (2020). Gender, Institutions and Development Edition 2019. Erişim Tarihi:31.07.2022 Erişim Adresi: https://stats.oecd.org/Index.aspx?DataSetCode=GIDDB2019
  • 7. Beji NK. Kadın Sağlığı ve Hastalıkları, İstanbul: Nobel Tıp Kitabevi; 2015.
  • 8. Hoang TN, Van TN, Gammeltoft T, W Meyrowitsch D, Nguyen Thi Thuy H, Rasch V. Association between ıntimate partner violence during pregnancy and adverse pregnancy outcomes in Vietnam: a prospective cohort study. PLoS One 2016;11(9):1-14.
  • 9. World Health Organizations. Intimate partner violence. Erişim tarihi: 31.07.2022. Erişim Adresi: https://apps.who.int/iris/handle/10665/77432.
  • 10. Bergmann JN, Stockman, JK. how does intimate partner violence affect condom and oral contraceptive use in the United States?: a systematic review of the literatüre. Contraception 2015;91(6): 438-455.
  • 11. Kebede AA, Gessesse DN, Aklil MB, et al. Low husband involvement in maternal and child health services and intimate partner violence increases the odds of postpartum depression in northwest Ethiopia: A community-based study. PLoS One. 2022;17(10):1-16. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0276809
  • 12. Abujilban S, Mrayan L, Al-Modallal H, Damra JK. Physical Intimate Partner Violence and Maternal Outcomes in a Hospital-Based Sample of Pregnant Women in Jordan. Florence Nightingale J Nurs. 2022;30(3):245-252. doi:10.5152/FNJN.2022.20072
  • 13. Dang TAT, Vo TV, Dunne MP, Eisner M, Luong-Thanh BY, Hoang TD, Nguyen LH. Effect of intimate partner violence during pregnancy on maternal mental health: a cohort study in Central Vietnam. Women & Health 2022; 62(3): 205-213.
  • 14. Alhalal H, Alhalal E, Alhaizan M, Alghuson L, Alahmari M, Alkhayyal N, Akkour K. Intimate partner violence and its associations with adverse pregnancy outcomes in Saudi Arabia: A cross-sectional study. Journal of Interpersonal Violence 2022; 37:15-16.
  • 15. Ashenafi W, Mengistie B, Egata G, Berhane Y. The role of intimate partner violence victimization during pregnancy on maternal postpartum depression in Eastern Ethiopia. SAGE Open Medicine 2021; 9:1-12.
  • 16. Okunola TO, Awoleke JO, Olofinbiyi BA, Rosiji BO, Omoya S, Olubiyi AO. Adverse birth outcomes among women exposed to intimate partner violence in pregnancy in Ikere-Ekiti, South-West Nigeria: A prospective cohort study. European Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology and Reproductive Biology 2021; 267: 186-191.
  • 17. McKelvie S, Stocker R, Manwo MM, Manwo A, Sala T, Leodoro B, Fisher J. Intimate partner violence and health outcomes experienced by women who are pregnant: a cross-sectional survey in Sanma Province, Vanuatu. The Lancet Regional Health-Western Pacific 2021; 16:1-8.
  • 18. Creech SK, Pulverman CS, Kroll-Desrosiers A, Kinney R, Dichter ME, Mattocks K. Intimate Partner Violence Among Pregnant Veterans: Prevalence, Associated Mental Health Conditions, and Health Care Utilization. J Gen Intern Med. 2021;36(10):2982-2988. doi:10.1007/s11606-020-06498-3
  • 19. Afkhamzadeh A, Rahmani K, Yaghubi R, Ghadrdan M, Faraji, O. Adverse perinatal outcomes of intimate partner violence during pregnancy. International Journal of Human Rights in Healthcare 2021; 14(5): 465-476.
  • 20. Tran LM, Nguyen PH, Naved RT, Menon P. Intimate partner violence is associated with poorer maternal mental health and breastfeeding practices in Bangladesh. Health Policy and Planning 2020; 35:19-29.
  • 21. Magnusson FL, Rogathi JJ, Sigalla GN, Manongi R, Rasch V, Gammeltoft T, Meyrowitsch DW. Does resilience moderate the effect of intimate partner violence on signs of depression among Tanzanian pregnant women: A cross‐sectional study. Acta Obstetricia et Gynecologica Scandinavica 2021; 100(4): 768-774.
  • 22. Akaba GO, Abdullahi HI. Intimate partner violence among postpartum women at a teaching hospital in Nigeria’s Federal Capital City: pattern and materno-fetal outcomes. Therapeutic Advances in Reproductive Health 2020; 14:1-8.
  • 23. Hou F, Zhang X, Cerulli C, Wenjun O, Mo Y, Gong, W. The impact of intimate partner violence on the trajectory of perinatal depression: a cohort study in a Chinese sample. Epidemiology and Psychiatric Sciences 2020; 29:1-12.
  • 24. Necho M, Belete A, Zenebe Y. The association of intimate partner violence with postpartum depression in women during their first month period of giving delivery in health centers at Dessie town, 2019. Annals of General Psychiatry 2020; 19(1): 1-12.
  • 25. Gebreslasie KZ, Weldemariam S, Gebre G, Mehari MA. Intimate partner violence during pregnancy and risk of still birth in hospitals of Tigray region Ethiopia. Italian Journal of Pediatrics 2020; 46: 1-6.
  • 26. Manongi R, Rogathi J, Sigalla G, Mushi D, Rasch V, Gammeltoft T, Meyrowitsch DW. The association between intimate partner violence and signs of depression during pregnancy in Kilimanjaro Region, Northern Tanzania. Journal of Interpersonal Violence 2020; 35(23-24): 5797-5811.
  • 27. Ayele S, Alemayehu M, Fikadu E, Tarekegn GE. Prevalence and associated factors of depression among pregnant mothers who had intimate partner violence during pregnancy attending antenatal care at Gondar University Hospital Northwest Ethiopia in 2020. BioMed Research International 2021; 3(6):1-9.
  • 28. Paulson JL. Intimate partner violence and perinatal post-traumatic stress and depression symptoms: a systematic review of findings in longitudinal studies. Trauma, Violence, & Abuse 2022; 23(3): 733-747.
  • 29. Normann AK, Bakiewicz A, Madsen FK, Khan KS, Rasch V, Linde DS. Intimate partner violence and breastfeeding: a systematic review. BMJ Open 2020; 10(10):1-9.
  • 30. Ankerstjerne LBS, Laizer SN, Andreasen K, et al. Landscaping the evidence of intimate partner violence and postpartum depression: a systematic review. BMJ Open. 2022;12(5):1-14. doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2021-051426
  • 31. Taşpınar A, Karabudak SS, Çoban A, Adana F. Gebelikte aile içi şiddete maruz kalmanın postpartum depresyon ve maternal bağlanmaya etkisi. Adıyaman Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi 2021; 7(1): 94-102.
  • 32. Avcı S. Gebelikte aile içi şiddetin kortizol hormon salınımı ve yenidoğana etkisi. Hasan Kalyoncu Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Enstitüsü Hemşirelik Anabilim Dalı Doktora Tezi. 2019.

GEBELİKTE YAKIN PARTNER ŞİDDETİNİN ANNE-BEBEK SAĞLIĞI ÜZERİNE ETKİLERİ: SİSTEMATİK BİR DERLEME

Year 2023, Volume: 4 Issue: 3, 315 - 327, 19.12.2023

Eda Yüzügüler , Pınar Irmak Vural , Yeliz Yıldırım Varışoğlu

Abstract

AAmaç: Bu çalışma gebelikte maruz kalınan yakın partner şiddetinin anne ve bebek sağlığına olumsuz etkilerini incelemek amacıyla yapılmaktadır.
Yöntem: Sistematik derleme niteliğindeki bu çalışmada; 2020-2022 yılları arasında Google Akademik, Pubmed, Scopus veritabanlarında “intimate partner violence, pregnancy, women health, postpartum” anahtar kelimeleri kullanılarak tarama yapılmıştır. Veri tabanlarına kayıtlı 4241 sonuca ulaşılmış, içerik açısından 45 çalışma incelenmiş ve 17 çalışma araştırmaya dahil edilerek sistematik olarak incelenmiştir.
Bulgular: Araştırmaya dahil edilen 17 çalışmanın 12’si kesitsel, 5’i kohort tasarım tipindedir. Araştırma kapsamına alınan kadınların %33.4’ü yakın partner şiddetine maruz kalmakta ve görülme sıklığı psikolojik, fiziksel ve cinsel şiddet olarak sıralanmaktadır. Gebelikte maruz kalınan yakın partner şiddetinin maternal sonuçları; depresyon, anksiyete, intihar düşünceleri, kronik ağrılar, doğumdan sonra emzirmeye geç başlama, uyku ve beslenme bozuklukları, gebelik ve doğum komplikasyonları, abortus ve artan sezaryen oranları olarak gözlemlenmektedir. Yenidoğan sonuçları ise; erken doğum, ölü doğum, intrauterin büyüme geriliği, düşük doğum ağırlığı, yenidoğan yoğun bakım ünitesine yatışı içermektedir.
Sonuç: Gebelikte maruz kalınan şiddet; anne-bebek morbidite ve mortalitesini etkileyen, gebelik ve doğum sonrası komplikasyonlara sebep olabilen, iyileşmeyi geciktiren ve tedaviye uyumu zorlaştıran bir durumdur. Bu bağlamda gebelik süresince yapılan antenatal bakımların sıklaştırılması, anne ile yapılan görüşmelerde detaylı anamnez ve fiziksel muayene ile risk faktörlerinin ve şiddet bulgularının saptanması, sosyal destek ve bireysel baş etme yöntemlerinin belirlenmesi, kadının güvenliğinin sağlanarak yardım alabilmesi için uygun birimlere yönlendirilmesi gerekmektedir.

Keywords

intimate partner violence pregnancy women health postpartum

References

  • 1. World Health Organizations. Intimate partner violence during pregnancy. Erişim tarihi: 31.07.2022. Erişim Adresi: https://www.who.int/reproductivehealth/publications/violence/rhr_11_35/en/.
  • 2. World Health Organizations. devastatingly pervasive: 1 in 3 women globally experience violence. Erişim tarihi: 31.07.2022. Erişim Adresi: https://www.who.int/news/item/09-03-2021-devastatingly-pervasive-1-in-3-women-globally-experience-violence.
  • 3. World Health Organizations. Global and regional esti­mates of violence against women: Prevalence and health effects of intimate partner violence and non­partner violence. Erişim tarihi: 31.07.2022. Erişim Adresi: https://apps.who.int/iris/bitstream/handle/10665/85239/9789241564625_eng.pdf.
  • 4. World Health Organizations. Multi-country study on women's health and domestic violence against women: lnitial results on prevalence, health outcomes and women's responses. Erişim tarihi:31.07.2022. Erişim Adresi:https://apps.who.int/iris/handle/10665/43309.
  • 5. World Health Organizations. Violence against women prevalence estimates 2018. Erişim tarihi:31.07.2022. Erişim Adresi:https://www.who.int/publications/i/item/9789240022256.
  • 6. OECD International Development Statistics (2020). Gender, Institutions and Development Edition 2019. Erişim Tarihi:31.07.2022 Erişim Adresi: https://stats.oecd.org/Index.aspx?DataSetCode=GIDDB2019
  • 7. Beji NK. Kadın Sağlığı ve Hastalıkları, İstanbul: Nobel Tıp Kitabevi; 2015.
  • 8. Hoang TN, Van TN, Gammeltoft T, W Meyrowitsch D, Nguyen Thi Thuy H, Rasch V. Association between ıntimate partner violence during pregnancy and adverse pregnancy outcomes in Vietnam: a prospective cohort study. PLoS One 2016;11(9):1-14.
  • 9. World Health Organizations. Intimate partner violence. Erişim tarihi: 31.07.2022. Erişim Adresi: https://apps.who.int/iris/handle/10665/77432.
  • 10. Bergmann JN, Stockman, JK. how does intimate partner violence affect condom and oral contraceptive use in the United States?: a systematic review of the literatüre. Contraception 2015;91(6): 438-455.
  • 11. Kebede AA, Gessesse DN, Aklil MB, et al. Low husband involvement in maternal and child health services and intimate partner violence increases the odds of postpartum depression in northwest Ethiopia: A community-based study. PLoS One. 2022;17(10):1-16. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0276809
  • 12. Abujilban S, Mrayan L, Al-Modallal H, Damra JK. Physical Intimate Partner Violence and Maternal Outcomes in a Hospital-Based Sample of Pregnant Women in Jordan. Florence Nightingale J Nurs. 2022;30(3):245-252. doi:10.5152/FNJN.2022.20072
  • 13. Dang TAT, Vo TV, Dunne MP, Eisner M, Luong-Thanh BY, Hoang TD, Nguyen LH. Effect of intimate partner violence during pregnancy on maternal mental health: a cohort study in Central Vietnam. Women & Health 2022; 62(3): 205-213.
  • 14. Alhalal H, Alhalal E, Alhaizan M, Alghuson L, Alahmari M, Alkhayyal N, Akkour K. Intimate partner violence and its associations with adverse pregnancy outcomes in Saudi Arabia: A cross-sectional study. Journal of Interpersonal Violence 2022; 37:15-16.
  • 15. Ashenafi W, Mengistie B, Egata G, Berhane Y. The role of intimate partner violence victimization during pregnancy on maternal postpartum depression in Eastern Ethiopia. SAGE Open Medicine 2021; 9:1-12.
  • 16. Okunola TO, Awoleke JO, Olofinbiyi BA, Rosiji BO, Omoya S, Olubiyi AO. Adverse birth outcomes among women exposed to intimate partner violence in pregnancy in Ikere-Ekiti, South-West Nigeria: A prospective cohort study. European Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology and Reproductive Biology 2021; 267: 186-191.
  • 17. McKelvie S, Stocker R, Manwo MM, Manwo A, Sala T, Leodoro B, Fisher J. Intimate partner violence and health outcomes experienced by women who are pregnant: a cross-sectional survey in Sanma Province, Vanuatu. The Lancet Regional Health-Western Pacific 2021; 16:1-8.
  • 18. Creech SK, Pulverman CS, Kroll-Desrosiers A, Kinney R, Dichter ME, Mattocks K. Intimate Partner Violence Among Pregnant Veterans: Prevalence, Associated Mental Health Conditions, and Health Care Utilization. J Gen Intern Med. 2021;36(10):2982-2988. doi:10.1007/s11606-020-06498-3
  • 19. Afkhamzadeh A, Rahmani K, Yaghubi R, Ghadrdan M, Faraji, O. Adverse perinatal outcomes of intimate partner violence during pregnancy. International Journal of Human Rights in Healthcare 2021; 14(5): 465-476.
  • 20. Tran LM, Nguyen PH, Naved RT, Menon P. Intimate partner violence is associated with poorer maternal mental health and breastfeeding practices in Bangladesh. Health Policy and Planning 2020; 35:19-29.
  • 21. Magnusson FL, Rogathi JJ, Sigalla GN, Manongi R, Rasch V, Gammeltoft T, Meyrowitsch DW. Does resilience moderate the effect of intimate partner violence on signs of depression among Tanzanian pregnant women: A cross‐sectional study. Acta Obstetricia et Gynecologica Scandinavica 2021; 100(4): 768-774.
  • 22. Akaba GO, Abdullahi HI. Intimate partner violence among postpartum women at a teaching hospital in Nigeria’s Federal Capital City: pattern and materno-fetal outcomes. Therapeutic Advances in Reproductive Health 2020; 14:1-8.
  • 23. Hou F, Zhang X, Cerulli C, Wenjun O, Mo Y, Gong, W. The impact of intimate partner violence on the trajectory of perinatal depression: a cohort study in a Chinese sample. Epidemiology and Psychiatric Sciences 2020; 29:1-12.
  • 24. Necho M, Belete A, Zenebe Y. The association of intimate partner violence with postpartum depression in women during their first month period of giving delivery in health centers at Dessie town, 2019. Annals of General Psychiatry 2020; 19(1): 1-12.
  • 25. Gebreslasie KZ, Weldemariam S, Gebre G, Mehari MA. Intimate partner violence during pregnancy and risk of still birth in hospitals of Tigray region Ethiopia. Italian Journal of Pediatrics 2020; 46: 1-6.
  • 26. Manongi R, Rogathi J, Sigalla G, Mushi D, Rasch V, Gammeltoft T, Meyrowitsch DW. The association between intimate partner violence and signs of depression during pregnancy in Kilimanjaro Region, Northern Tanzania. Journal of Interpersonal Violence 2020; 35(23-24): 5797-5811.
  • 27. Ayele S, Alemayehu M, Fikadu E, Tarekegn GE. Prevalence and associated factors of depression among pregnant mothers who had intimate partner violence during pregnancy attending antenatal care at Gondar University Hospital Northwest Ethiopia in 2020. BioMed Research International 2021; 3(6):1-9.
  • 28. Paulson JL. Intimate partner violence and perinatal post-traumatic stress and depression symptoms: a systematic review of findings in longitudinal studies. Trauma, Violence, & Abuse 2022; 23(3): 733-747.
  • 29. Normann AK, Bakiewicz A, Madsen FK, Khan KS, Rasch V, Linde DS. Intimate partner violence and breastfeeding: a systematic review. BMJ Open 2020; 10(10):1-9.
  • 30. Ankerstjerne LBS, Laizer SN, Andreasen K, et al. Landscaping the evidence of intimate partner violence and postpartum depression: a systematic review. BMJ Open. 2022;12(5):1-14. doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2021-051426
  • 31. Taşpınar A, Karabudak SS, Çoban A, Adana F. Gebelikte aile içi şiddete maruz kalmanın postpartum depresyon ve maternal bağlanmaya etkisi. Adıyaman Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi 2021; 7(1): 94-102.
  • 32. Avcı S. Gebelikte aile içi şiddetin kortizol hormon salınımı ve yenidoğana etkisi. Hasan Kalyoncu Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Enstitüsü Hemşirelik Anabilim Dalı Doktora Tezi. 2019.
There are 32 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Subjects Nursing
Journal Section Research Articles
Authors

Eda Yüzügüler 0009-0008-3196-2575

Pınar Irmak Vural 0000-0002-8070-2840

Yeliz Yıldırım Varışoğlu 0000-0002-6350-7218

Publication Date December 19, 2023
Published in Issue Year 2023 Volume: 4 Issue: 3

Cite

APA Yüzügüler, E., Irmak Vural, P., & Yıldırım Varışoğlu, Y. (2023). GEBELİKTE YAKIN PARTNER ŞİDDETİNİN ANNE-BEBEK SAĞLIĞI ÜZERİNE ETKİLERİ: SİSTEMATİK BİR DERLEME. YOBÜ Sağlık Bilimleri Fakültesi Dergisi, 4(3), 315-327.
AMA Yüzügüler E, Irmak Vural P, Yıldırım Varışoğlu Y. GEBELİKTE YAKIN PARTNER ŞİDDETİNİN ANNE-BEBEK SAĞLIĞI ÜZERİNE ETKİLERİ: SİSTEMATİK BİR DERLEME. YOBÜ Sağlık Bilimleri Fakültesi Dergisi. December 2023;4(3):315-327.
Chicago Yüzügüler, Eda, Pınar Irmak Vural, and Yeliz Yıldırım Varışoğlu. “GEBELİKTE YAKIN PARTNER ŞİDDETİNİN ANNE-BEBEK SAĞLIĞI ÜZERİNE ETKİLERİ: SİSTEMATİK BİR DERLEME”. YOBÜ Sağlık Bilimleri Fakültesi Dergisi 4, no. 3 (December 2023): 315-27.
EndNote Yüzügüler E, Irmak Vural P, Yıldırım Varışoğlu Y (December 1, 2023) GEBELİKTE YAKIN PARTNER ŞİDDETİNİN ANNE-BEBEK SAĞLIĞI ÜZERİNE ETKİLERİ: SİSTEMATİK BİR DERLEME. YOBÜ Sağlık Bilimleri Fakültesi Dergisi 4 3 315–327.
IEEE E. Yüzügüler, P. Irmak Vural, and Y. Yıldırım Varışoğlu, “GEBELİKTE YAKIN PARTNER ŞİDDETİNİN ANNE-BEBEK SAĞLIĞI ÜZERİNE ETKİLERİ: SİSTEMATİK BİR DERLEME”, YOBÜ Sağlık Bilimleri Fakültesi Dergisi, vol. 4, no. 3, pp. 315–327, 2023.
ISNAD Yüzügüler, Eda et al. “GEBELİKTE YAKIN PARTNER ŞİDDETİNİN ANNE-BEBEK SAĞLIĞI ÜZERİNE ETKİLERİ: SİSTEMATİK BİR DERLEME”. YOBÜ Sağlık Bilimleri Fakültesi Dergisi 4/3 (December 2023), 315-327.
JAMA Yüzügüler E, Irmak Vural P, Yıldırım Varışoğlu Y. GEBELİKTE YAKIN PARTNER ŞİDDETİNİN ANNE-BEBEK SAĞLIĞI ÜZERİNE ETKİLERİ: SİSTEMATİK BİR DERLEME. YOBÜ Sağlık Bilimleri Fakültesi Dergisi. 2023;4:315–327.
MLA Yüzügüler, Eda et al. “GEBELİKTE YAKIN PARTNER ŞİDDETİNİN ANNE-BEBEK SAĞLIĞI ÜZERİNE ETKİLERİ: SİSTEMATİK BİR DERLEME”. YOBÜ Sağlık Bilimleri Fakültesi Dergisi, vol. 4, no. 3, 2023, pp. 315-27.
Vancouver Yüzügüler E, Irmak Vural P, Yıldırım Varışoğlu Y. GEBELİKTE YAKIN PARTNER ŞİDDETİNİN ANNE-BEBEK SAĞLIĞI ÜZERİNE ETKİLERİ: SİSTEMATİK BİR DERLEME. YOBÜ Sağlık Bilimleri Fakültesi Dergisi. 2023;4(3):315-27.
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