Dijitalleşen Dünyada Tüketici Davranışları Açısından Mobil Teknoloji Bağımlılığı: Üniversite Öğrencileri Üzerine Nitel Bir Araştırma

Year 2018, Volume: 2 Issue: 2, 18 - 34, 24.10.2018

Adnan Veysel Ertemel , Güzide Öncü Eroğlu Pektaş

Abstract

Günümüzde teknolojik
alandaki hızlı gelişmeler insanların yaşam biçimini köklü ve kalıcı biçimde
değiştirmiştir. Söz konusu değişimin hem tüketici hem de işletme açısından
birçok kolaylığı da beraberinde getirmiştir. Bilgisayar ve akıllı telefonların
hayatımıza girmesi ile bu değişim daha da hızlanmış, beklenmedik şekilde
toplumdaki aile ilişkilerini, sosyal hayat alışkanlıklarını, alışveriş
biçimlerini, gazete okuma davranışlarını ve hatta bakkaldan ekmek alma şeklini
bile değiştirmiştir. Bu değişimin sosyal ve psikolojik birçok yönü ve etkisi
bulunmaktadır. Bilgisayar ve akıllı telefon kullanımı konusunda toplumun her
kesimi aynı düzeyde eğilim göstermemektedir. Aşırı kullanımın getirdiği
bağımlılık olarak adlandırılan farklı psikolojik davranışlar gözlenmektedir. Bu
çalışmada kalitatif tekniklerden olan derinlemesine mülakat yöntemi
seçilmiştir. Belirlenen yöntem üniversite öğrencilerinden seçilen üç odak grup
üzerinde araştırılmıştır. Ayrıca katılımcılara bağımlılık seviyelerini ölçen
sorular yöneltilmiş ve aldıkları haz-suçluluk duyguları sorulmuştur. Çalışmanın
ilk aşamasında kalitatif teknikten gelen sonuçlar doğrultusunda ikinci
aşamadaki kantitatif çalışma ile tamamlanması ve daha geniş örneklem kütlesi
ile sorunsalın farklı boyutlarına ulaşılması amaçlanmıştır.  

Keywords

Tüketici Davranışı, Mobil İnternet Bağımlılığı, Teknoloji Bağımlılığı

Mobile Technology Addiction in Terms of Consumer Behavior in the Digitizing World: A Qualitative Research on University Students

Abstract

Today, with the advancement of technology, rapid change and
progress in the life of human beings have influenced and shaped lives in many
directions. This has facilitated both the life of mankind and positive
contributions from many other ways, such as affecting the forms of production,
shape and duration of the establishment of the enterprise. This change has
accelerated even more rapidly with the introduction of computers and
smartphones, which unexpectedly affected family relationships, social habits, shopping
patterns, newspaper reading behaviors and even the way to buy bread at the
grocery store. There are many social and psychological aspects and effects of
this change. Not all people in the community have the same tendency to use
computers and mobile phones. There are different psychological behaviors which
are called addiction caused by overuse. In this study, in-depth interviewing
method which is one of the qualitative techniques was chosen. The determined
method was explored on three focus groups selected from university students. In
addition, the questions that measured the addictive levels of the participants
were directed and the pleasures they received were asked, or vice versa. It is
also aimed to complete the quantitative study in the direction of the results
from the qualitative technique which is the first step of the study and to
create awareness in this issue by reaching different dimensions of the
problematic with the wider sample mass.

Keywords

Consumer Behavior, Mobil Internet Addiction, Technology Addiction

References

• AAP. (2016) American Academy of Pediatrics Announces New Recommendations for Children’s Media Use. https://www.aap.org/en-us/about-the-aap/aap-press-room/Pages/American-Academy-of-Pediatrics-Announces-New-Recommendations-for-Childrens-Media-Use.aspx Erişim Tarihi: 02.10.2017
• Ahuja, S., & Kumari, S. G. (2009). Impact of Extended video Viewing on Cognitive, Affective and Behavioral Processes in Preadolescents. (Doktora tezi).
• American Psychiatric Association. (2013). Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders (5th ed.). Washington, DC: American Psychiatric Association.
• Ampofo, L. (2015). Mindfulness in the Machine: Breaking Our Technology Addiction http://www.socialmediatoday.com/content/mindfulness-machine-breaking-our-technology-addiction Erişim Tarihi: 02.10.2017
• Atladóttir, H. O., Parner, E.T., Schendel, D. (2007). “Time Trends in Reported Diagnoses of Childhood Neuropsychiatric Disorders: A Danish Cohort Study,”
• Archives of Pediatrics & Adolescent Medicine 161( 2), 193–198
• Bank of America. (2016). Trends in Consumer Mobility Report 2016. http://newsroom.bankofamerica.com/files/press_kit/additional/2016_BAC_Trends_in_Consumer_Mobility_Report.pdf Erişim Tarihi: 02.10.2017
• Beard, K. W. (2005). Internet addiction: A review of current assessment techniques and potential assessment questions. CyberPsychology & Behavior, 8(1), 7–14.
• Bianchi, A. ve. Phillips, J.G. (2005). Psychological Predictors of Problem Mobile Phone Use. CyberPsychology & Behavior. 8(1): 39-51.
• Brown, A. (2011). Media use by children younger than 2 years. Pediatrics, 128 (5):1040-5
• Çokluk, Ömer, Kürşad Yılmaz ve Ebru Oğuz, 2011. “Nitel Bir Görüşme Yöntemi: Odak Grup Görüşmesi”, Kuramsal Eğitimbilim, 4(1), www.keg.aku.edu.tr
• Davenport, T. H., & Beck, J. C. (2001). The attention economy: Understanding the new currency of business. Harvard Business Press.
• Deci, E. L., Koestner, R., & Ryan, R. M. (1999). A meta-analytic review of experiments examining the effects of extrinsic rewards on intrinsic motivation. Psychological Bulletin, 125, 627-668.
• Dews, P. B. (1955). Studies on behavior. I. Differential sensitivity to pentobarbital of pecking performance in pigeons depending on the schedule of reward. Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, 113(4), 393-401.
• Ertemel, A.V. (2016). Dijital Çağda İllüzyonel Pazarlama, Abaküs
• Eyal, N. (2014). Hooked: How to build habit-forming products. Penguin: NY, ABD.
• Facebook & IDC. (2013). http://www.adweek.com/digital/facebook-idc-study-smartphones/ Erişim Tarihi: 01.09.2017
• Fogg, B. J. (2002). Persuasive Technology: Using Computers to Change What We Think and Do. Morgan Kaufmann Publishers, CA
• Fortin, D. R., & Dholakia, R. R. (2005). Interactivity and vividness effects on social presence and involvement with a web-based advertisement. Journal of Business Research, 58(3), 387-396.
• Graham, P. (2015). The Acceleration of Addictiveness http://www.paulgraham.com/addiction.html Erişim Tarihi: 12.10.2017
• Graybiel, A. M. (1990). Neurotransmitters and neuromodulators in the basal ganglia. Trends in Neurosciences, 13(7), 244-254.
• Greenfield, D. N. (1999). Psychological characteristics of compulsive Internet use: A preliminary analysis. Cyberpsychology & behavior, 2(5), 403-412.
• Gürce, Y. M. (2017). The Effects of Online Consumer Reviews on Purchase Intention: A Study for Young Consumers, 7/1, Journal of Current Researches on Business and Economics, 137-155.
• Griffiths, M. (2000). Internet addiction – Time to be taken seriously? Addiction Research, 8(5), 413–418.
• Henderlong, J., & Lepper, M. R. (2002). The effect of praise on children's intrinsic motivation: A review and synthesis. Psychological Bulletin, 128, 774-795.
• JWT (2011). Fear of Missing Out (FOMO) http://www.jwtintelligence.com/ production/FOMO_JWT_TrendReport_May20 11.pdf Erişim tarihi 13.10.2017
• JWT. (2012). Fear of Missing Out (FOMO), http:// www.jwtintelligence.com/wp-content/uploads/2012/03/F _JWT_FOMOupdate_3.21.12.pdf Erişim tarihi 13.10.2017
• King, D. L., Delfabbro, P. H., Griffiths, M. D., & Gradisar, M. (2011). Assessing clinical trials of Internet addiction treatment: A systematic review and CONSORT evaluation. Clinical Psychology Review, 31(7), 1110–1116.
• Kuss, D. J., & Griffiths, M. D. (2012). Internet gaming addiction: A systematic review of empirical research. International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction, 10, s.278-296.
• Kuss, D.J., Griffiths, M.D., Binder, J.F. (2013). Internet addiction in students: Prevalence and risk factors Computers in Human Behavior 29, 959–966
• Leung, L., & Lee, P. S. N. (2012). The influences of information literacy, internet addiction and parenting styles on internet risks. New Media & Society, 14(1), 117–136.
• Leung, L. (2004). Net-generation attributes and seductive properties of the internet as predictors of online activities and internet addiction. CyberPsychology and Behavior, 7, 333-348.
• Leroy, S. (2009). Why is it so hard to do my work? The challenge of attention residue when switching between work tasks. Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes, 109(2), 168-181.
• McHaffie, J. G., Stanford, T. R., Stein, B. E., Coizet, V., & Redgrave, P. (2005). Subcortical loops through the basal ganglia. Trends in neurosciences, 28(8), 401-407.
• Mitchell, P. (2000). Internet addiction: Genuine diagnosis or not? The Lancet, 355(9204).
• Morgan, C. & Cotten, S. (2003). The relationship between Internet activities and depressive symptoms in a sample of college freshmen. CyberPsychology & Behavior, 6(2), 133–142.
• Morris, D.Z. (2017). New French Law Bars Work Email After Hours. Fortune http://fortune.com/2017/01/01/french-right-to-disconnect-law/ Erişim Tarihi: 12.10.2017
• Pezoa-Jares, R. & Espinoza-Luna, I. (2013). Internet addiction: A review. Journal of Addiction. Research & Therapy S6, 004
• Przybylski, A. K., Murayama, K., DeHaan, C. R., & Gladwell, V. (2013). Motivational, emotional, and behavioral correlates of fear of missing out. Computers in Human Behavior, 29(4), 1841-1848.
• Rideout, V., Vandewater, E.A, Wartella,, E,A, 2003, Zero to Six: Electronic Media in the Lives of Infants, Toddlers and Preschoolers
• Rideout, V. (2011). Zero to eight: Children's media use in America. Common Sense Media.
• Sigerson, L., Li, A.Y.-L. Cheung, M.W.-L., Cheng, C. (2017) Examining common information technology addictions and their relationships with non-technology-related addictions, Computers in Human Behavior, 75, 520-526
• Smith, A. D., & Bolam, J. P. (1990). The neural network of the basal ganglia as revealed by the study of synaptic connections of identified neurones. Trends in neurosciences, 13(7), 259-265.
• Social Security Administration. (2013). SSI Annual Statistical Report. Washington, DC: July 2013 http://www.ssa.gov/policy/docs/statcomps/ssi_asr/2012 /ssi_asr12.pdf Erişim Tarihi 01.10.2017
• Şahsuvaroğlu, Tuna ve Ekşi, Halil. 2008. “Odak Grup Görüşmeleri ve Sosyal Temsiller Kuramı”, Eğitim Bilimleri Dergisi, Cilt: 28, Sayı: 28.
• TimeWellSpent Hareketi (2017), http://www.timewellspent.io/app-ratings/ Erişim Tarihi: 02.10.2017
• Twenge, J. M. (2017). IGen: Why Today’s Super-Connected Kids Are Growing Up Less Rebellious, More Tolerant, Less Happy--and Completely Unprepared for Adulthood--and What That Means for the Rest of Us. Simon and Schuster.
• Wansink, B., Painter, J. E., & North, J. (2005). Bottomless bowls: why visual cues of portion size may influence intake. Obesity, 13(1), 93-100.
• Widyanto, L., & Griffiths, M. (2006). ‘Internet addiction’: A critical review. International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction, 4, 31–51.
• Williams, R. E., & Kraft, J. S. (2012). The mindfulness workbook for addiction: A guide to coping with the grief, stress and anger that trigger addictive behaviors. New Harbinger Publications.
• Yeşilay, 2017, Teknoloji bağımlılığı, http://www.yesilay.org.tr/tr/bagimlilik/teknoloji Erişim Tarihi: 23.10.2017
• Yıldırım, A ve Şimşek, H, 2006. Sosyal Bilimlerde Nitel Araştırma Yöntemleri. Seçkin Yayıncılık, Ankara.
• Young, K. S. (1998). Internet addiction: The emergence of a new clinical disorder. CyberPsychology and Behavior, 1, 237-244.
• Young, K. (2010). Internet addiction over the decade: A personal look back. World Psychiatry, 9(2), 91.
• Young, K., & Abreu, C. (2011). Internet addiction. A handbook and guide to evaluation and treatment. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons.
• Zeldes, N. (2008) “Quiet Time” and “No Email Day” pilot data is in!. Intel IT Peer Network, https://itpeernetwork.intel.com/quiet-time-and-no-email-day-pilot-data-is-in/) Erişim Tarihi 10.10.2017