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Transrektal prostat biyopsisi sonrası gelişen ateşli üriner sistem enfeksiyonu tedavisinde en uygun ilk seçenek antibiyotik ne olmalı?

Year 2018, Volume: 13 Issue: 2, 36 - 41, 01.06.2018

Abstract

Amaç: Transrektal prostat biyopsisini takiben
gelişen ve yüksek ateşin de eşlik ettiği
şiddetli ürogenital sistem enfeksiyonu olan
hastalarda, idrar kültür-antibiyogram sonuçları beklenirken, ilk etapta başlanacak en uygun
parenteral ampirik antibiyotik seçeneklerinin
belirlenmesini amaçladık.

Gereç ve Yöntem: Kliniğimizde Mart
2007 ve Mayıs 2017 tarihleri arasında, transrektal
ultrason (TRUS) eşliğinde prostat biyopsisi
yapılan 492 hastanın verileri retrospektif
olarak incelendi. Biyopsi sonrası erken
dönemde ateşli üriner enfeksiyon tablosu ile
kliniğimizde yatarak tedavi edilen 29 hasta
çalışmaya dahil edildi. Tüm hastaların, demografik
verileri, biyopsi endikasyonu, biyopsi
öncesi PSA değerleri ve rektal muayene
bulguları, profilaktik antibiyotik tedavisi,
transrektal olarak ölçülen prostat hacimleri,
biyopsi sonrası akut üriner retansiyon gelişimi,
ateş esnasında alınan idrar ve kan kültür/
antibiyogram sonuçları, tedavide ilk tercih
edilen ampirik parenteral antibiyotik ajan
tercihi, yatış süresi ve yoğun bakım ihtiyacı
parametreleri kaydedildi.

Bulgular: TRUS eşliğinde biyopsi yapılan
ve yaş ortalaması 67 ± 11,8 olan 492 olgunun
29’unda (%5.8) yüksek ateşli genitoüriner enfeksiyon
geliştiği saptandı. Tüm hastalar yatarak
tedavi edildi. Tüm hastalardan parenteral
antibiyotik öncesinde idrar kültürü alındı. 19
(%65.5) hastada beraberinde kan kültürü de
alındı. Çalışma grubunun ortalama prostat
hacmi 42 ± 13,3 mL, ortalama PSA değeri
7,9 ± 4,7 ng/mL olarak saptandı. 26 hastada
(%89.6) idrar kültüründe, 10 hastada (%34.4) ise kan kültüründe etken mikroorganizma üremesi saptandı. 3 hastada
(%10.3) kateterizasyon gerektiren akut üriner retansiyon gelişimi kaydedildi. İlk tercih ampirik parenteral antibiyotik tedavileri
sırasıyla seftriakson (%44.8), seftriakson+levofloksasin kombinasyonu
(%31), karbapenem grubu (meropenem/imipenem) (%20
.6) ve tazobaktam (%3.4) olarak belirlendi. İzole edilen mikroorganizmalar
sıklık sırasıyla E Coli (%61.5), Klepsiella spp (%19.2),
Pseudomanas spp (%7.6), Proteus spp (%7.6) ve Enterococcus spp
(%3.8) olarak belirlendi. 20 olguda (%68.9) kullanılan antibiyotiğe
dirençli mikroorganizma üremesi olması sebebiyle ilaç değiştirildi.
2 hastada (%6.8) yoğun bakım ihtiyacı izlendi. Kültür/antibiyogralarda
antibiyotik direnç izlenme oranı en düşük antimikrobiyal
ajanlar sırasıyla imipenem (%0), meropenem (%0) ve amikasin
(%7.6) olarak belirlendi. En sık direnç izlenen antimikrobiyal ajan
ise siprofloksasin idi (%92.3).

Sonuç: Prostat biyopsisi sonrası gelişen yüksek ateş kliniği ile
başvuran hastalarda ilk seçenek parenteral antibiyotik tercihlerinin
sırasıyla aminoglikozit ve karbapenem grubu ajanlar olduğunu tespit
ettik.

References

  • 1. Loeb S, Carter HB, Brendt SI, et al. Complications after prostate biopsy: data from SEERMedicine. J Urol 2011;186:1830–34.
  • 2. Tal R, Livne PM, Lask DM, Baniel J. Empirical management of urinary tract infections complicating transrectal ultrasound guided prostate biopsy. J Urol 2003 May;169(5):1762-5.
  • 3. Isen K, Küpeli B, Sinik Z, Sözen S, Bozkirli I. Antibiotic prophylaxis for transrectal biopsy of the prostate: a prospective randomized study of the prophylactic use of single dose oral fluoroquinolone versus trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole. Int Urol Nephrol 1999;31:491-5.
  • 4. Aron M, Rajeev TP, Gupta NP. Antibiotic prophylaxis for transrectal needle biopsy of the prostate: a randomized controlled study. BJU Int 2000;85:682-5.
  • 5. Feliciano J, Teper E, Ferrandino M, Macchia RJ, Blank W, Grunberger I, Colon I. The incidence of fluoroquinolone resistant infections after prostate biopsy--are fluoroquinolones still effective prophylaxis? J Urol 2008;179:952-5.
  • 6. Ozden E, Bostanci Y, Yakupoglu KY, Akdeniz E, Yilmaz AF, Tulek N, Sarikaya S. Incidence of acute prostatitis caused by extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing scherichia coli after transrectal prostate biopsy. Urology 2009;74:119-23.
  • 7. Davis R, Markham A, Balfour JA. Ciprofloxacin. An updated review of its pharmacology, therapeutic efficacy and tolerability. Drugs 1996;51:1019-74.
  • 8. Kapoor DA, Klimberg IW, Malek GH, Wegenke JD, Cox CE, Patterson AL, Graham E, Echols RM, Whalen E, Kowalsky SF. Single-dose oral ciprofloxacin versus placebo for prophylaxis during transrectal prostate biopsy. Urology 1998;52:552-8.
  • 9. Wagenlehner F, Stöwer-Hoffmann J, Schneider-Brachert W, Naber KG, Lehn N. Influence of a prophylactic single dose of ciprofloxacin on the level of resistance of Escherichia coli to fluoroquinolones in urology. Int J Antimicrob Agents 2000;15:207-11.
  • 10. Fluit AC1, Jones ME, Schmitz FJ, Acar J, Gupta R, Verhoef J. Antimicrobial resistance among urinary tract infection (UTI) isolates in Europe: results from the SENTRY Antimicrobial Surveillance Program 1997. Antonie Van Leeuwenhoek 2000;77:147-52.
  • 11. Daza R1, Gutiérrez J, Piédrola G. Antibiotic susceptibility of bacterial strains isolated from patients with communityacquired urinary tract infections. Int J Antimicrob Agents 2001;18:211-5.

Which antibiotic must be the first choice in high fever urinary infected patients related transrectal ultrasound guided prostate biopsy?

Year 2018, Volume: 13 Issue: 2, 36 - 41, 01.06.2018

Abstract

Objective: To evaluate the most appropriate
first choice empiric antibiotics in
patients with post-prostate biopsy urinary
infection with high fever while waiting the
culture results.

Material and Methods: A total of 29
males of 492 patients with iatrogenic urinary
infection with fever who underwent transrectal
ultrasound-guided prostate biopsy
between March 2007 to May 2017 and treated
impatiently were evaluated retrospectively.
Clinical variables, including demographics,
PSA levels, rectal examination findings, prostate
volumes measured transrectally, urinary
retention development, urine and blood culture
results, the choice of empiric antibiotic,
hospitalisation time and need for intensive
care were noted.

Results: 29 patients (5.8%) of 492 patients
with a mean age of 67 ± 11,8 who underwent
transrectal ultrasound-guided prostate
biopsy were enrolled. All patients were
treated impatiently. Urine cultures in all and
blood cultures in 19 patients (65.5%) were
obtained. Mean prostate volumes and mean
PSA level were 42 ± 13,3 mL and 7,9 ± 4,7 ng/
mL, respectively. Urine cultures were positive
in 26 and blood cultures were positive in 10
patients. Urinary retention was noted in 3 patients.
First choice empiric agents were seftriaxon
(44.8%), combination of seftriaxon and
levofloxacin (31%), carbapenem group (meropenem/imipenem)
(20.6%) and tazobactam
(3.4%), respectively. Most isolated microorganisms
were E Coli (61.5%), Klepsiella
spp (19.2%), Pseudomanas spp (7.6%), Proteus (7.6%) and Enterococcus spp (3.8%), respectively. In 20 patients
(%68.9) empiric antibiotic was changed because of resistant bacteria
and/or inefective clinic antibiotic response. Intensive care was
needed in 2 patients (6.8%). The most sensitive antimicrobial agents
were imipenem (100%), meropenem (100%) and amikacin (92.4%),
respectively. The most resistance was noted for ciprofloxasin (92.3%).

Conclusions: In this cohort of patients, a significant resistance
for ciprofloxacin was observed. However, carbapenem group antibiotics
and amikacin were significantly sensitive to isolated bacteria in
patients with severe iatrogenic urinary infection.

References

  • 1. Loeb S, Carter HB, Brendt SI, et al. Complications after prostate biopsy: data from SEERMedicine. J Urol 2011;186:1830–34.
  • 2. Tal R, Livne PM, Lask DM, Baniel J. Empirical management of urinary tract infections complicating transrectal ultrasound guided prostate biopsy. J Urol 2003 May;169(5):1762-5.
  • 3. Isen K, Küpeli B, Sinik Z, Sözen S, Bozkirli I. Antibiotic prophylaxis for transrectal biopsy of the prostate: a prospective randomized study of the prophylactic use of single dose oral fluoroquinolone versus trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole. Int Urol Nephrol 1999;31:491-5.
  • 4. Aron M, Rajeev TP, Gupta NP. Antibiotic prophylaxis for transrectal needle biopsy of the prostate: a randomized controlled study. BJU Int 2000;85:682-5.
  • 5. Feliciano J, Teper E, Ferrandino M, Macchia RJ, Blank W, Grunberger I, Colon I. The incidence of fluoroquinolone resistant infections after prostate biopsy--are fluoroquinolones still effective prophylaxis? J Urol 2008;179:952-5.
  • 6. Ozden E, Bostanci Y, Yakupoglu KY, Akdeniz E, Yilmaz AF, Tulek N, Sarikaya S. Incidence of acute prostatitis caused by extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing scherichia coli after transrectal prostate biopsy. Urology 2009;74:119-23.
  • 7. Davis R, Markham A, Balfour JA. Ciprofloxacin. An updated review of its pharmacology, therapeutic efficacy and tolerability. Drugs 1996;51:1019-74.
  • 8. Kapoor DA, Klimberg IW, Malek GH, Wegenke JD, Cox CE, Patterson AL, Graham E, Echols RM, Whalen E, Kowalsky SF. Single-dose oral ciprofloxacin versus placebo for prophylaxis during transrectal prostate biopsy. Urology 1998;52:552-8.
  • 9. Wagenlehner F, Stöwer-Hoffmann J, Schneider-Brachert W, Naber KG, Lehn N. Influence of a prophylactic single dose of ciprofloxacin on the level of resistance of Escherichia coli to fluoroquinolones in urology. Int J Antimicrob Agents 2000;15:207-11.
  • 10. Fluit AC1, Jones ME, Schmitz FJ, Acar J, Gupta R, Verhoef J. Antimicrobial resistance among urinary tract infection (UTI) isolates in Europe: results from the SENTRY Antimicrobial Surveillance Program 1997. Antonie Van Leeuwenhoek 2000;77:147-52.
  • 11. Daza R1, Gutiérrez J, Piédrola G. Antibiotic susceptibility of bacterial strains isolated from patients with communityacquired urinary tract infections. Int J Antimicrob Agents 2001;18:211-5.
There are 11 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Subjects Surgery
Journal Section Research Article
Authors

Bülent Altay This is me

Publication Date June 1, 2018
Published in Issue Year 2018 Volume: 13 Issue: 2

Cite

Vancouver Altay B. Transrektal prostat biyopsisi sonrası gelişen ateşli üriner sistem enfeksiyonu tedavisinde en uygun ilk seçenek antibiyotik ne olmalı? New J Urol. 2018;13(2):36-41.