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WITHDRAWAL FROM INTERNATIONAL AGREEMENTS UNDER INTERNATIONAL LAW: LESSONS FROM THE PARIS AGREEMENT AND THE EUROPEAN UNION

Year 2023, Volume: 20 Issue: 2, 391 - 410, 01.10.2023

Abstract

This article examines the legal framework and consequences of withdrawal from international agreements, concentrating on the Paris Agreement and European Union. The analysis focuses on the similarities and differences between the withdrawal procedures, context, and outcomes of these two cases and draws lessons for the design and implementation of future international agreements. Incorporating flexibility and adaptability into international agreements, addressing the concerns of sovereign states, and enhancing enforcement mechanisms are crucial recommendations. In addition, the article suggests possible future research directions, such as
expanding comparative analysis, investigating the influence of withdrawal on international relations, and examining the legal frameworks governing withdrawal. This article contributes to the ongoing discussion on the development and reform of public international law in the context of withdrawal from international agreements by elaborating on these insights and recommendations.

References

  • ACER, Yücel / KAYA, İbrahim, Uluslararası Hukuk Temel Ders Kitabı, Ankara, 2021.
  • AKSAR, Yusuf, Teoride ve Uygulamada Uluslararası Hukuk- I, Ankara, 2021.
  • AKSAR, Yusuf, Teoride ve Uygulamada Uluslararası Hukuk- II, Ankara, 2017.
  • ARMSTRONG, Kenneth A., Brexit time: leaving the EU-why, how and when?, UK, 2017.
  • AYBAY, Rona/ORAL, Elif, Kamusal Uluslararası Hukuk, İstanbul, 2016.
  • BAYAR, Tuğba, “Uluslararası Anlaşmalardan Tek Taraflı Çekilme: Uluslararası Antlaşmalar Hukuku Bağlamında Eleştirel Bir inceleme”, Uluslararası Hukukta Güncel Sorunlar Kongresi, Editör, TÜTÜNCÜ, Ayşe Nur/ KARAGÖZ, Hava/ CİVELEK, Çakıl Su/ UYSAL Cem, İstanbul, 2020, pp. 45-57.
  • BODANSKY, Daniel, “The Paris climate change agreement: a new hope?”, American Journal of International Law Volume: 110, No: 2, 2016, pp. 288-319.
  • BOZKURT, Enver/POYRAZ, Yasin/ ERDAL, Selcen, Devletler Hukuku, Ankara 2018.
  • BRADLEY, Curtis A./ GULATI, Mitu, “Customary International Law and Withdrawal Rights in an Age of Treaties”, Duke Journal of Comparative & International Law, Volume: 21, No: 1, 2010, pp. 1-30.
  • BRADLEY, Curtis, A./ HELFER, Laurance R., “Treaty Exit in the United States: Insights United Kingdom or South Africa?”, AJIL Unbound Volume: 111, 2017, pp. 428-433.
  • ,CHATTERJEE, Charles, “What lessons may one draw from Brexit?”, Amicus Curiae, Volume: 104, 2015, pp. 20-28.
  • GÜNDÜZ, Aslan, Milletlerarası Hukuk, Ankara, 2018.
  • HELFER, Laurance R., “Exiting custom: analogies to treaty withdrawals”, Duke J. Comp.and Int. Law 21, 2010, pp. 65-80.
  • KAUR, Prabh Simran/ KHATANA, Rohan, “Brexit and the Nature Treaty Negotiations and Withdrawal in International Law”, International Journal of Law Management & Humanities, Volume: 1, No: 4, 2018, pp. 108-115.
  • LARIK, Joris, “Brexit, the EU-UK Withdrawal Agreement, and Global Treaty (Re)Negotiations”, American Journal of International Law, Volume: 114, No: 3, 2020, pp. 443-462.
  • MACGIBBON, Iain C., “Estoppel in International Law”, International and Comparative Law Quarterly, Volume: 7, No: 3, 1958, pp. 468-513.
  • MOHAPATRA, Archita, “The United States’ Withdrawal from the Paris Agreement and Its Implications”, Columbia Undergraduate Law Review, Volume: 14, No: 1, 2017, pp. 99-135.
  • QC, Richard Gordon/ MOFFATT, Rowena, Brexit: The immediate legal consequences,UK, 2016.
  • PİRİM, Ceren Zeynep, “Andlaşmalar Hukuku ve Uluslararası Sorumluluk Hukukunun Kesişim Noktasında Exceptio Inadimplenti Non Est Adimplendum”, Milletlerarası Hukuk ve Milletlerarası Özel Hukuk Bülteni, Volume: 41, No: 2, 2021, pp. 979-999.
  • PİRİM, Ceren Zeynep, “The Legal Effects of the New Presidential System on Turkey’s Treaty-Making Practice”, European Journal of International Law, Volume: 33, No:2, 2022, pp. 579-606.
  • PİRİM, Ceren Zeynep, “Uluslararası Andlaşmalar Hukukunda Değişim, İstikrar ve Değişim Yoluyla İstikrar: Rebus Ric Stantibus”, Türkiye Adalet Akademisi Dergisi, Temmuz, Volume: 13, No: 51, 2022, pp. 47-76.
  • ROSAMOND, Ben, Theories of European integration, Palgrave Macmillan, 2000.
  • SCHMALENBACH, Kirsten, “Article 27: Internal law and observance of treaties”, Vienna Convention on the Law of Treaties: A commentary, 2018, pp. 493-504.
  • TÜTÜNCÜ, Ayşe Nur/ ARIKOĞLU, Enver/ AKÜN, Verda Neslihan/ BAŞKARACAOĞLU, Elif, Toluner Milletlerarası Hukuk (Giriş, Kaynaklar) Prof. Dr. Sevin TOLUNER’in Ders Notlarından, İstanbul, 2017.
  • USTYNOSKI, Anne, “Life Becoming Hazy: The Withdrawal of the United States from the Paris Agreement and How the Youth of America Are Challenging It”, Catholic University Journal of Law and Technology, Volume: 28, No: 1, 2019, pp. 111-138.
  • VILLIGER, Mark Eugen, Commentary on the 1969 Vienna Convention on the Law of Treaties, Netherlands, 2009.
  • WEISS, Caroline, “America and the Paris Agreement: Withdrawal, Recommitment, and Future Implications”, https://www.climatecenter.pitt.edu/news/america-and-paris-agreementwithdrawal-recommitment-and-future-implications
  • WOOLAVER, Hannah, “From joining to leaving: Domestic law’s role in the international legal validity of treaty withdrawal”, European Journal of International Law, Volume: 30, No: 1, 2019, pp. 73-104.
  • SUR, Melda, Uluslararası Hukukun Esasları, İstanbul, 2022.
  • YÜKSEL, Cüneyt/ ERDOĞAN, Kaan, “Uluslararası Hukuk Bağlamında Amerika Birleşik Devletleri Başkanı’nın Dış Politika ve Savaş Yetkileri”, Public and Private International Law Bulletin, Volume: 42, No:1,2022, pp. 293-332.

ULUSLARARASI HUKUK KAPSAMINDA ULUSLARARASI ANDLAŞMALARDAN ÇEKİLME: PARİS ANLAŞMASI VE AVRUPA BİRLİĞİNDEN DERSLER

Year 2023, Volume: 20 Issue: 2, 391 - 410, 01.10.2023

Abstract

Bu makale, uluslararası andlaşmalardan çekilmenin hukuki çerçevesini ve sonuçlarını, Paris Anlaşması ve Avrupa Birliği üzerinde yoğunlaşarak incelemektedir. Analiz, bu iki vakanın geri çekilme prosedürleri, bağlamı ve sonuçları arasındaki benzerliklere ve farklılıklara odaklanır ve gelecekteki uluslararası Andlaşmaların tasarımı ve uygulanması için dersler çıkarır. Esnekliği ve uyarlanabilirliği uluslararası Andlaşmalara dahil etmek, egemen devletlerin endişelerini ele almak ve uygulama mekanizmalarını geliştirmek önemle tavsiye edilmiştir. Buna ek olarak, makale, karşılaştırmalı analizi genişletmek, geri çekilmenin uluslararası ilişkiler üzerindeki etkisini araştırmak ve geri çekilmeyi düzenleyen yasal çerçeveleri incelemek gibi gelecekteki olası araştırma yönlerini önermektedir. Bu makale, uluslararası Andlaşmalardan çekilme bağlamında uluslararası kamu hukukunun gelişimi ve reformu üzerine süregelen tartışmaya, ilgili tavsiyeleri detaylandırarak katkıda bulunmaktadır.

References

  • ACER, Yücel / KAYA, İbrahim, Uluslararası Hukuk Temel Ders Kitabı, Ankara, 2021.
  • AKSAR, Yusuf, Teoride ve Uygulamada Uluslararası Hukuk- I, Ankara, 2021.
  • AKSAR, Yusuf, Teoride ve Uygulamada Uluslararası Hukuk- II, Ankara, 2017.
  • ARMSTRONG, Kenneth A., Brexit time: leaving the EU-why, how and when?, UK, 2017.
  • AYBAY, Rona/ORAL, Elif, Kamusal Uluslararası Hukuk, İstanbul, 2016.
  • BAYAR, Tuğba, “Uluslararası Anlaşmalardan Tek Taraflı Çekilme: Uluslararası Antlaşmalar Hukuku Bağlamında Eleştirel Bir inceleme”, Uluslararası Hukukta Güncel Sorunlar Kongresi, Editör, TÜTÜNCÜ, Ayşe Nur/ KARAGÖZ, Hava/ CİVELEK, Çakıl Su/ UYSAL Cem, İstanbul, 2020, pp. 45-57.
  • BODANSKY, Daniel, “The Paris climate change agreement: a new hope?”, American Journal of International Law Volume: 110, No: 2, 2016, pp. 288-319.
  • BOZKURT, Enver/POYRAZ, Yasin/ ERDAL, Selcen, Devletler Hukuku, Ankara 2018.
  • BRADLEY, Curtis A./ GULATI, Mitu, “Customary International Law and Withdrawal Rights in an Age of Treaties”, Duke Journal of Comparative & International Law, Volume: 21, No: 1, 2010, pp. 1-30.
  • BRADLEY, Curtis, A./ HELFER, Laurance R., “Treaty Exit in the United States: Insights United Kingdom or South Africa?”, AJIL Unbound Volume: 111, 2017, pp. 428-433.
  • ,CHATTERJEE, Charles, “What lessons may one draw from Brexit?”, Amicus Curiae, Volume: 104, 2015, pp. 20-28.
  • GÜNDÜZ, Aslan, Milletlerarası Hukuk, Ankara, 2018.
  • HELFER, Laurance R., “Exiting custom: analogies to treaty withdrawals”, Duke J. Comp.and Int. Law 21, 2010, pp. 65-80.
  • KAUR, Prabh Simran/ KHATANA, Rohan, “Brexit and the Nature Treaty Negotiations and Withdrawal in International Law”, International Journal of Law Management & Humanities, Volume: 1, No: 4, 2018, pp. 108-115.
  • LARIK, Joris, “Brexit, the EU-UK Withdrawal Agreement, and Global Treaty (Re)Negotiations”, American Journal of International Law, Volume: 114, No: 3, 2020, pp. 443-462.
  • MACGIBBON, Iain C., “Estoppel in International Law”, International and Comparative Law Quarterly, Volume: 7, No: 3, 1958, pp. 468-513.
  • MOHAPATRA, Archita, “The United States’ Withdrawal from the Paris Agreement and Its Implications”, Columbia Undergraduate Law Review, Volume: 14, No: 1, 2017, pp. 99-135.
  • QC, Richard Gordon/ MOFFATT, Rowena, Brexit: The immediate legal consequences,UK, 2016.
  • PİRİM, Ceren Zeynep, “Andlaşmalar Hukuku ve Uluslararası Sorumluluk Hukukunun Kesişim Noktasında Exceptio Inadimplenti Non Est Adimplendum”, Milletlerarası Hukuk ve Milletlerarası Özel Hukuk Bülteni, Volume: 41, No: 2, 2021, pp. 979-999.
  • PİRİM, Ceren Zeynep, “The Legal Effects of the New Presidential System on Turkey’s Treaty-Making Practice”, European Journal of International Law, Volume: 33, No:2, 2022, pp. 579-606.
  • PİRİM, Ceren Zeynep, “Uluslararası Andlaşmalar Hukukunda Değişim, İstikrar ve Değişim Yoluyla İstikrar: Rebus Ric Stantibus”, Türkiye Adalet Akademisi Dergisi, Temmuz, Volume: 13, No: 51, 2022, pp. 47-76.
  • ROSAMOND, Ben, Theories of European integration, Palgrave Macmillan, 2000.
  • SCHMALENBACH, Kirsten, “Article 27: Internal law and observance of treaties”, Vienna Convention on the Law of Treaties: A commentary, 2018, pp. 493-504.
  • TÜTÜNCÜ, Ayşe Nur/ ARIKOĞLU, Enver/ AKÜN, Verda Neslihan/ BAŞKARACAOĞLU, Elif, Toluner Milletlerarası Hukuk (Giriş, Kaynaklar) Prof. Dr. Sevin TOLUNER’in Ders Notlarından, İstanbul, 2017.
  • USTYNOSKI, Anne, “Life Becoming Hazy: The Withdrawal of the United States from the Paris Agreement and How the Youth of America Are Challenging It”, Catholic University Journal of Law and Technology, Volume: 28, No: 1, 2019, pp. 111-138.
  • VILLIGER, Mark Eugen, Commentary on the 1969 Vienna Convention on the Law of Treaties, Netherlands, 2009.
  • WEISS, Caroline, “America and the Paris Agreement: Withdrawal, Recommitment, and Future Implications”, https://www.climatecenter.pitt.edu/news/america-and-paris-agreementwithdrawal-recommitment-and-future-implications
  • WOOLAVER, Hannah, “From joining to leaving: Domestic law’s role in the international legal validity of treaty withdrawal”, European Journal of International Law, Volume: 30, No: 1, 2019, pp. 73-104.
  • SUR, Melda, Uluslararası Hukukun Esasları, İstanbul, 2022.
  • YÜKSEL, Cüneyt/ ERDOĞAN, Kaan, “Uluslararası Hukuk Bağlamında Amerika Birleşik Devletleri Başkanı’nın Dış Politika ve Savaş Yetkileri”, Public and Private International Law Bulletin, Volume: 42, No:1,2022, pp. 293-332.
There are 30 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Law in Context (Other)
Journal Section Research Articles
Authors

Hatice Kübra Ecemiş Yılmaz 0000-0001-9438-0291

Publication Date October 1, 2023
Submission Date April 13, 2023
Published in Issue Year 2023 Volume: 20 Issue: 2

Cite

APA Ecemiş Yılmaz, H. K. (2023). WITHDRAWAL FROM INTERNATIONAL AGREEMENTS UNDER INTERNATIONAL LAW: LESSONS FROM THE PARIS AGREEMENT AND THE EUROPEAN UNION. Yeditepe Üniversitesi Hukuk Fakültesi Dergisi, 20(2), 391-410.
AMA Ecemiş Yılmaz HK. WITHDRAWAL FROM INTERNATIONAL AGREEMENTS UNDER INTERNATIONAL LAW: LESSONS FROM THE PARIS AGREEMENT AND THE EUROPEAN UNION. YÜHFD. October 2023;20(2):391-410.
Chicago Ecemiş Yılmaz, Hatice Kübra. “WITHDRAWAL FROM INTERNATIONAL AGREEMENTS UNDER INTERNATIONAL LAW: LESSONS FROM THE PARIS AGREEMENT AND THE EUROPEAN UNION”. Yeditepe Üniversitesi Hukuk Fakültesi Dergisi 20, no. 2 (October 2023): 391-410.
EndNote Ecemiş Yılmaz HK (October 1, 2023) WITHDRAWAL FROM INTERNATIONAL AGREEMENTS UNDER INTERNATIONAL LAW: LESSONS FROM THE PARIS AGREEMENT AND THE EUROPEAN UNION. Yeditepe Üniversitesi Hukuk Fakültesi Dergisi 20 2 391–410.
IEEE H. K. Ecemiş Yılmaz, “WITHDRAWAL FROM INTERNATIONAL AGREEMENTS UNDER INTERNATIONAL LAW: LESSONS FROM THE PARIS AGREEMENT AND THE EUROPEAN UNION”, YÜHFD, vol. 20, no. 2, pp. 391–410, 2023.
ISNAD Ecemiş Yılmaz, Hatice Kübra. “WITHDRAWAL FROM INTERNATIONAL AGREEMENTS UNDER INTERNATIONAL LAW: LESSONS FROM THE PARIS AGREEMENT AND THE EUROPEAN UNION”. Yeditepe Üniversitesi Hukuk Fakültesi Dergisi 20/2 (October 2023), 391-410.
JAMA Ecemiş Yılmaz HK. WITHDRAWAL FROM INTERNATIONAL AGREEMENTS UNDER INTERNATIONAL LAW: LESSONS FROM THE PARIS AGREEMENT AND THE EUROPEAN UNION. YÜHFD. 2023;20:391–410.
MLA Ecemiş Yılmaz, Hatice Kübra. “WITHDRAWAL FROM INTERNATIONAL AGREEMENTS UNDER INTERNATIONAL LAW: LESSONS FROM THE PARIS AGREEMENT AND THE EUROPEAN UNION”. Yeditepe Üniversitesi Hukuk Fakültesi Dergisi, vol. 20, no. 2, 2023, pp. 391-10.
Vancouver Ecemiş Yılmaz HK. WITHDRAWAL FROM INTERNATIONAL AGREEMENTS UNDER INTERNATIONAL LAW: LESSONS FROM THE PARIS AGREEMENT AND THE EUROPEAN UNION. YÜHFD. 2023;20(2):391-410.