Research Article
The Effects of The Carvacrol and Thymol Addition to Pangasius Hypophthalmus Feeds in Different Amount on the Growth Performance
Abstract
In the present study we investigated the
effects of phytoadditive carvacrol and thymol on growth performance and feed
utilization of Pangasius hypophthalmus.
In trial, 840 Pangasius hypophthalmus
which had average weight of 1.33 ± 0.05 gram was used. Fish were divided into
seven groups before being fed for 90 days with 0, 1 (C1), 3 (C3), 5 (C5), 1(T1),
3(T3), 5(T5) g/kg of carvacrol and tymol. All treatment groups were planned
three replicate and randomly plots method and fish were distributed to groups. It was determined that 3 g/kg timol addition to feed
provided the best result in terms of growth performance.
References
- 1. Aboelwafa, H.R. and Yousef, H.N. 2015. The ameliorative effect of thymol against hydrocortisone-induced hepatic oxidative stres injury in adult male rats. Biochem. Cell Biol., 26: 1–8.
- 2. Ahmadifar, E., Falahatkar, B. and Akrami, R. 2011. Effects of Dietary Thymol-Carvacrol on Growth Performance, Hematological Parameters and Tissue Composition of Juvenile Rainbow Trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss. Journal of Applied Ichthyology, 27: 1057-1060.
- 3. AOAC, 1998. Official Methods of Analysis. AOAC, Arlington.
- 4. FAO, 2104. State of World Fisheries and Aquaculture. Opportunities and Challenges, Rome.
- 5. Folch, J., Lees, M. and Sloane-Stanley, G.H. 1957. A Simple Method for the İsolation and Purification of Total Lipides from Animal Tissues. The Journal of Biological Chemistry, 226: 497-509.
- 6. Giannenas, I., Triantafillou, E., Stavrakakis, S., Margaroni, M., Mavridis, S., Steiner, T. and Karagouni, E. 2012. Assessment of Dietary Supplementation with Carvacrol or Thymol Containing Feed Additives on Performance, İntestinal Microbiota and Antioxidant Status of Rainbow Trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). Aquaculture, 350: 26-32.
- 7. Kahraman, Z. 2009. Herbal feed as feed additives in Egg Chicken Feeds, Poultry Research Journal, 8(1): 34-41.
- 8. Khattak, F., Ronchi, A., Castelli, P.and Sparks, N. 2014. Effects of natural blend of essential oil on growth performance, blood biochemistry, cecal morphology, and carcass quality of broiler chickens. Poult. Sci., 93: 132–137.
- 9. Kuldeep, D., Latheef, S.K., Saminathan, M., Samad, H.A., Karthik, K., Tiwari, R., Khan, R.U., Alagaway, M., Farag, M.G., Alam, G.M.and Turafelli, V. 2015. Multiple beneficial applications and modes of action of herbs in poultry health and production-a review. Int. J. Pharmacol., 11: 152–176.
- 10. Soković, M., Glamoclija, J., Cirić, A., Kataranovski, D., Marin, P.D., Vukojević, J.and Brkić, D. 2008. Antifungal activity of the essential oil of Thymus vulgaris L. and thymol on experimentally induced dermatomycoses. Drug Dev. Ind. Pharm., 34: 1388–1393.
- 11. Volpatti, D., Chiara, B., Francesca, T.and Marco, G. 2012. Growth Parameters, Innate Immune Response and Resistance to Listonella (Vibrio) anguillarum of Dicentrarchus labrax Fed Carvacrol Supplemented Diets. Aquaculture Research, 45: 31-44.
- 12. Yanishlieva, N.V., Marinova, E.M., Gordon, M.H. and Raneva, V.G. 1999. Antioxidant activity and mechanism of action of thymol and carvacrol in two lipid systems. Food Chem. 64:59–66.
- 13. Yilmaz, E., Ergün, S. and Yilmaz, S. 2015. Influence of Carvacrol on the Growth Performance, Hematological, Non-Specific Immune and Serum Biochemistry Parameters in Rainbow Trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). Food and Nutrition Sciences, 6:523-531.
- 14. Zheng, Z.L., Tan, J.Y.W., Liu, H.Y., Zhou, X.H., Xiang, X and Wang, K.Y. 2009. Evaluation of Oregano Essential Oil (Origanum heracleoticum L.) on Growth, Antioxidant Effect and Resistance against Aeromonas hydrophila in Channel Catfish (Ictalurus punctatus). Aquaculture, 292: 214-218.
Karvakrol ve Timolün Pangasius hpophthalmus Balıklarının Büyüme Performansı ve Yem Dönüşüm Oranı Üzerine Etkisi
Abstract
Bu çalışmada, bitkisel
kaynaklı karvakrol ve timol ektraktlarının Pangasius
hypophthalmus balığında büyüme performansı ve yem tüketim üzerine etkileri
araştırılmıştır. Çalışmada ortalama ağırlık 1.33 ± 0.05 g olan 840 adet Pangasius hpophthalmus balığı
kullanılmıştır. Çalışmada 0, 1 (C1), 3 (C3), 5 (C5), 1 (T1), 3 (T3), 5
(T5) g / kg yem oranında karvakrol ve timol ile 90 gün balıklar beslenmiştir. Tüm deneme
grupları 3 tekerrürlü olarak planlanmış ve tesadüfi parselleme metoduna göre
balıklar gruplara dağıtılmıştır.
Büyüme performansı bakımından en iyi sonucu yeme 3 g/kg timol ilavesinin
sağladığı belirlenmiştir.
References
- 1. Aboelwafa, H.R. and Yousef, H.N. 2015. The ameliorative effect of thymol against hydrocortisone-induced hepatic oxidative stres injury in adult male rats. Biochem. Cell Biol., 26: 1–8.
- 2. Ahmadifar, E., Falahatkar, B. and Akrami, R. 2011. Effects of Dietary Thymol-Carvacrol on Growth Performance, Hematological Parameters and Tissue Composition of Juvenile Rainbow Trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss. Journal of Applied Ichthyology, 27: 1057-1060.
- 3. AOAC, 1998. Official Methods of Analysis. AOAC, Arlington.
- 4. FAO, 2104. State of World Fisheries and Aquaculture. Opportunities and Challenges, Rome.
- 5. Folch, J., Lees, M. and Sloane-Stanley, G.H. 1957. A Simple Method for the İsolation and Purification of Total Lipides from Animal Tissues. The Journal of Biological Chemistry, 226: 497-509.
- 6. Giannenas, I., Triantafillou, E., Stavrakakis, S., Margaroni, M., Mavridis, S., Steiner, T. and Karagouni, E. 2012. Assessment of Dietary Supplementation with Carvacrol or Thymol Containing Feed Additives on Performance, İntestinal Microbiota and Antioxidant Status of Rainbow Trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). Aquaculture, 350: 26-32.
- 7. Kahraman, Z. 2009. Herbal feed as feed additives in Egg Chicken Feeds, Poultry Research Journal, 8(1): 34-41.
- 8. Khattak, F., Ronchi, A., Castelli, P.and Sparks, N. 2014. Effects of natural blend of essential oil on growth performance, blood biochemistry, cecal morphology, and carcass quality of broiler chickens. Poult. Sci., 93: 132–137.
- 9. Kuldeep, D., Latheef, S.K., Saminathan, M., Samad, H.A., Karthik, K., Tiwari, R., Khan, R.U., Alagaway, M., Farag, M.G., Alam, G.M.and Turafelli, V. 2015. Multiple beneficial applications and modes of action of herbs in poultry health and production-a review. Int. J. Pharmacol., 11: 152–176.
- 10. Soković, M., Glamoclija, J., Cirić, A., Kataranovski, D., Marin, P.D., Vukojević, J.and Brkić, D. 2008. Antifungal activity of the essential oil of Thymus vulgaris L. and thymol on experimentally induced dermatomycoses. Drug Dev. Ind. Pharm., 34: 1388–1393.
- 11. Volpatti, D., Chiara, B., Francesca, T.and Marco, G. 2012. Growth Parameters, Innate Immune Response and Resistance to Listonella (Vibrio) anguillarum of Dicentrarchus labrax Fed Carvacrol Supplemented Diets. Aquaculture Research, 45: 31-44.
- 12. Yanishlieva, N.V., Marinova, E.M., Gordon, M.H. and Raneva, V.G. 1999. Antioxidant activity and mechanism of action of thymol and carvacrol in two lipid systems. Food Chem. 64:59–66.
- 13. Yilmaz, E., Ergün, S. and Yilmaz, S. 2015. Influence of Carvacrol on the Growth Performance, Hematological, Non-Specific Immune and Serum Biochemistry Parameters in Rainbow Trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). Food and Nutrition Sciences, 6:523-531.
- 14. Zheng, Z.L., Tan, J.Y.W., Liu, H.Y., Zhou, X.H., Xiang, X and Wang, K.Y. 2009. Evaluation of Oregano Essential Oil (Origanum heracleoticum L.) on Growth, Antioxidant Effect and Resistance against Aeromonas hydrophila in Channel Catfish (Ictalurus punctatus). Aquaculture, 292: 214-218.
There are 14 citations in total.
Details
| Journal Section | Research Articles |
|---|---|
| Authors | |
| Publication Date | January 22, 2017 |
| Published in Issue | Year 2017 |