BAKIR, ÇİNKO, KURŞUN ve KADMİYUMUN Oreochromis niloticus’da BAZI SERUM BİYOKİMYASAL PARAMETRELER ÜZERİNE ETKİLERİ

Year 2017, , 273 - 282, 01.09.2017

Fahri Karayakar , Nuray Çiftçi , Cengiz Korkmaz , Özcan Ay , Bedii Cicik

https://doi.org/10.17693/yunusae.v17i30729.302067

Abstract

Araştırmada bakır (Cu), çinko (Zn),
kurşun (Pb) ve kadmiyum (Cd)’un 96 saatlik LC₅₀ değerinin %10’una
karşılık gelen sırasıyla 4.0, 6.0, 0.2 ve 1.6 ppm ortam derişimlerinin 7, 15 ve
30 gün sürelerle etkisine bırakılan Oreochromis niloticus’un serum
glukoz, total protein, albumin, D-Bilirubin, aspartat aminotransferaz (AST),
alanin aminotransferaz (ALT) ve total kolesterol düzeylerinde meydana gelen
değişimler belirlenmiştir.           Deneme
süresince incelenen derişimlerin etkisinde mortalite gözlenmemiştir. İncelenen
metallerin belirlenen süreler sonundaki etkisinde kontrole oranla, total
protein, albumin ve D-Bilirubin düzeylerinde önemli bir ayırım saptanmazken,
serum glukoz, AST, ALT ve total kolesterol düzeylerinde artış gözlenmiştir.
Elde edilen bulgular, ağır metal etkisinin serum biyokimyasal parametrelerinde değişikliklere,
metabolik olaylarda bozukluklara neden olabileceğini göstermektedir. 

Keywords

Balık, Metal, Kan Serum, Toplam Protein, AST

References

• Al-Akel, A.S. ve Shamsi, M.J.K. 1996. Hexavalent chromium: Toxicity and impact on carbohydrate metabolism and haematological parameters of carp (Cyprinus carpio L.) from Saudi Arabia. Aquat. Sci., 58: 24-30.
• Atlı, G., Arıyürek, S.Y., Kaynak, E.G. ve Canlı, M. 2015. Alterations in the serum biomarkers belonging to different metabolic systems of fish (Oreochromis niloticus) after Cd and Pb exposures. Environ. Toxicology and Pharmacology, 40, 508-515.
• Benson, W.H, Baer, K.N., Stackhouse, R.A. ve Watson, C.F. 1987. Influence of cadmium exposure on selected hematological parameters in freshwater teleost, Notemigonus crysoleucas. Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety, 13: 92-96.
• Canlı, M. 1995. Natural occurrence of metallothionein like proteins in the hepatopancreas of the Norway lobster Nephrops norvegicus and effects of Cd, Cu, and Zn exposures on levels of the metal bound on metallothionein. Turk. J. Zool., 19, 313-321.
• Cicik, B. 1995. Cyprinus carpio (L.)’da bakır, çinko ve bakır+çinko karışımında solungaç, karaciğer ve kas dokularındaki metal birikiminin nicel protein, glikojen ve kandaki bazı biyokimyasal parametreler üzerine etkileri. Adana, Çukurova Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü Biyoloji Anabilim Dalı Doktora Tezi.
• Congleton, J.L. ve LaVoie, W.J. 2001. Comparison of blood chemistry values for samples collected from juvenile chinook salmon by three methods. Journal of Aquatic Animal Health 13:168–172.
• Çelik, E.Ş. 2005. Çanakkale boğazı’ndan avlanan iskorpit balığı (Scorpaena porcus Linnaeus, 1758)’nın kan glukoz düzeyindeki aylık değişmeler. E.U. Journal of Fisheries & Aquatic Sciences, Cilt/Volume 22, Sayı/Issue (1-2): 115–118
• Dethloff, G. M., Schlenk, D., Khan, S. ve Bailey, H. C. 1999. The effects of copper on blood and biochemical parameters of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). Arch. Environ. Contam. Toxicol. 36, 415–423.
• Eisler, R. 2000. Handbook of Chemical Risk Assessment: Health Hazards to Humans, Plants, and Animals, Metals, Volume 1., Lewis Publishers, Boca Raton London New York Washington, D.C., 111p.
• Eze, L. C. 1983. Isonlorid inhibition of liver glutamate oxaloacetic transaminase from goat (Carpa hercus). International Journal of Biochemistry 15: 13-16.
• Fırat, Ö. ve Kargın, F. 2010. Individual and combined effects of heavy metals on serum biochemistry of nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus. Arch. Environ. Contam. Toxicol. 58:151–157.
• Hilmy, A.M., Shabana, M.B. ve Daabees, A.Y. 1985. Effects of cadmium toxicity upon the in vivo and in vitro activity of proteins and five enzymes in blood serum and tissue homogenates of Mugil cephalus. Comp. Biochem. Physiol. 81:1C, 145–153.
• Javed, M. ve Usmani, N. 2015. Stress response of biomolecules (carbohydrate, protein and lipid profiles) in fish Channa punctatus inhabiting river polluted by thermal power plant effluent. Saudi Journal and Biological Sciences. 22:2, 237-242.
• Jyothi, B. ve Narayan, G. 1999. Certain pesticide-induced carbohydrate metabolic disorders in the serum of freshwater fish Clarias batrachus (Linn.). Food and Chemical Toxicology 37, 417-421.
• Karan V, Vitorovic, S., Tutundzic, V. ve Poleksic, V. 1998. Functional enzymes activity and gill histology of carp after copper sulfate exposure and recovery. Ecotoxol. Environ. Saf. 40: 49–55.
• Kavitha, C., Malarvizhi, A., Kumaran, S.S. ve Ramesh, M. 2010. Toxicological effects of arsenate exposure on hematological, biochemical and liver transaminases activity in an Indian major carp, Catla catla. Food and Chemical Toxicology 48, 2848–2854
• Khunyakari, R. P. Tare, V. ve Sharma, R. N. 2001. Effects of some trace heavy metals on Poecilia reticulata (Peters). J.Environ.Biol., 22(2), 141-144.
• Morgan, J.D., Sakamoto, T., Grau, E. G. ve Iwama, G.K. 1997. Physiological and respiratory responses of the mozambique tilapia (Oreochromis mossambicus) to salinity acclimation. Comp. Biochem. Physiol. Vol. 117A, No. 3, pp. 391–398,
• Mutlu,E., Aydın, S. ve Kutlu, B. 2015. Alterations of growth performance and blood chemistry in nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) affected by copper sulfate in long-term exposure. Turkish Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 15: 487-493.
• Nemcsok, J. ve Benedeczky, I. 1990. Effect of sublethal concentrations of phenol on some enzyme activities and blood sugar level of carp, Cyprinus carpio (L.). Environ. Monit. Assess. 14, 377–383.
• Okonkwo, F.O. ve Ejike, C.E.C.C. 2011. Simulation of heavy metal contamination of fresh water bodies: toxic effects in the catfish and its amelioration with co-contamination with glyphosate. J. Appl. Sci. Environ. Manage. 15:(2), 341 – 345.
• Öner, M., Atlı, G. ve Canlı, M. 2008. Changes in serum biochemical parameters of freshwater fish Oreochromis niloticus following prolonged metal (Ag, Cd, Cr, Cu, Zn) exposures. Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry, 27:2, 360–366.
• Ricard, A. C., Daniel, C., Anderson, P. ve Hontela, A. 1998. Effects of subchronic exposure to cadmium chloride on endocrine and metabolic functions in rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss. Arch. Environ. Contam. Toxicol. 34, 377–381.
• Sigel A, Sigel H. ve Sigel, R.K.O. 2009. Metal ions in life sciences. Royal Society of Chemistry. Cambridge CB40WF, UK
• Straus, D.L. 2003. The acute toxicity of copper to blue tilapia in dilutions of settled pond water. Aquaculture 219, 233–240.
• Torres, P., Tort, L., Planas, J. ve Flos, R. 1986. Effects of confinement stress and additional zinc treatment on some blood parameters in the dogfish Scyliorhinus canicula. Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part C: Comparative Pharmacology. 83:1, 89-92.
• Tulasi, S.J., Reddy, P.U.M. ve Ramano Rao, J.V. 1989. Effects of lead on the spawning potential of the fresh water Fish, Anabas tentudineus. Bull. Environ. Contam. Toxicol. 43: 858-863.
• Vinodhini, R. ve Narayanan, M. 2009. The impact of toxic heavy metals on the hematological parameters in common carp (Cyprinus carpio L.). Iran. J. Environ. Health. Sci. Eng., Vol. 6, No. 1, 23-28.
• Wendelaar Bonga, S.E. ve Lock, R.A.C. 1992. Toxicants and Osmoregulation in Fish. Netherlands Journal of Zoology 42, 47893. Society of Chemistry. Cambridge CB40WF, UK.
• Wood, C, M., Farrell, A, P. ve Brauner, C.J. 2012. Homeostasis and Toxicology of Essential Metals. Academic Press is an imprint of Elsevier, London, 494 pp.
• Zare, S., Afaghi, A., Heidari, Y., Asadpoor, Y. ve Shiri, S. 2007. Effects of lead nitrate (PbNO)3 on the glucose and cortisol hormone levels in common carp, Cyprinus carpio. Pak. J.Biol.Sci., 10(15): 2587-2590.
• Zutshi, B., Raghu Prasad, S. G. ve Nagaraja, R. 2010. Alteration in hematology of Labeo rohita under stress of pollution from Lakes of Bangalore, Karnataka, India. Environ Monit Assess. 168:11–19.