PEEK-CF30 Termoplastik Malzemenin Delinmesinde Delme Parametrelerinin Etkileri: İtme Kuvveti, Yüzey Pürüzlülüğü ve Delaminasyon

Year 2022, Volume: 27 Issue: 3, 570 - 580, 25.12.2022

Mehmet Boy

https://doi.org/10.53433/yyufbed.1104700

Cited By: 1

Abstract

Bu çalışmada, Poli-eter-eter-keton (PEEK)-CF30 kompozit malzemenin kaplamasız HSS matkapla delinmesinde oluşan itme kuvveti, yüzey pürüzlülüğü ve delaminasyon faktörünün kesme parametrelerine göre değişimleri araştırılmıştır. Delme deneyleri üç farklı kesme hızı (40, 80, 120 m/dk) ve ilerleme miktarı (0.1, 0.15, 0.2 mm/dev) kullanılarak kuru işleme şartlarında yapılmıştır. Delmede oluşan itme kuvvetleri Kistler dinamometre ve ekipmanlarıyla ölçülmüş ve elde edilen sonuçların aritmetik ortalaması alınarak analiz edilmiştir. Delik yüzeyinde oluşan pürüzlülük ile delik çıkışında oluşan delaminasyon hasarları ölçülmüştür. İlerleme miktarının artmasıyla itme kuvvetinde %3-%25’lik artış olurken, kesme hızının artmasıyla itme kuvvetlerinde %9-%28 aralığında artışlar görülmüştür. Kesme hızındaki azalma ve ilerleme miktarındaki artışla birlikte yüzey kalitesinde iyileşme olurken, delaminasyon faktöründe artış görülmüştür. En düşük yüzey pürüzlülüğü 40 m/dk kesme hızı ve 0.2 mm/dev ilerlemede 1.18 µm, en yüksek yüzey pürüzlülüğü 120 m/dk kesme hızı ve 0.1 mm/dev ilerlemede 2.96 µm olarak elde edilmiştir.

Keywords

Delaminasyon, Delme kuvveti, PEEK CF30, Termoplastik kompozit, Yüzey pürüzlülüğü

Supporting Institution

Karabük Üniversitesi

Project Number

KBÜ-BAP-16/2-YL-09

Thanks

Bilimsel Araştırma Projeleri Koordinatörlüğüne katkılarından dolayı teşekkür ederim.

Effects of Drilling Parameters on Drilling of PEEK-CF30 Thermoplastic Material: Thrust Force, Surface Roughness and Delamination

Abstract

In this study, the variations of thrust force, surface roughness and delamination factor according to cutting parameters were investigated in the drilling of Poly-ether-ether-ketone (PEEK)-CF30 composite material with uncoated HSS drill. Drilling experiments were carried out under dry machining conditions using three different cutting speeds (40, 80, 120 m/min) and feed rates (0.1, 0.15, 0.2 mm/rev). The thrust forces in drilling were measured with the Kistler dynamometer and equipment, and the results were analyzed by taking the arithmetic average of the data. The roughness on the hole surface and the delamination damages on the hole exit were measured. With the increase of the feed rate, there was an increase of 3%-25% in the thrust force, while the increase in the thrust forces was observed in the range of 9%-28% with the increase of the cutting speed. The surface quality improved with the decrease in cutting speed and increase in feed rate while the delamination factor increased. The lowest surface roughness was obtained as 1.18 µm at 40 m/min cutting speed and 0.2 mm/rev feed, and the highest surface roughness was 2.96 µm at 120 m/min cutting speed and 0.1 mm/rev feed.

Keywords

Delamimation, Drilling force, PEEK CF30, Surface roughness, Thermoplastic composite

Project Number

KBÜ-BAP-16/2-YL-09

References

• Azmi, I., Lin R. J. T., & Bhattacharyya, D. (2013). Machinability study of glass fibre-reinforced polymer composites during end milling. The International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology, 64, 247-261. doi: 10.1007/s00170-012-4006-6
• Batista, M. F., Basso, I., Toti, F. A., Rodrigues, A. R., & Tarpani, J. R. (2020). Cryogenic drilling of carbon fibre reinforced thermoplastic and thermoset polymers. Composite Structures, 25, 112625. doi: 10.1016/j.compstruct.2020.112625
• Bayraktar, Ş., Sıyambaş, Y., & Turgut, Y. (2017). Drilling process: A review. Sakarya University Journal of Science, 21(2), 120-130. doi: 10.16984/saufenbilder.296833
• Cabrera, F. M., Khamlichi, A., Losilla, I., & Hanafi, I. (2012). Mathematical modelling for predicting surface roughness during machining of PEEK CF30 composite. International Review of Applied Sciences and Engineering, 3(2), 87-96. doi: 10.1556/IRASE.3.2012.2.1
• Can, A. (2019). Study on the machinability of SMC composites during hole milling: influence of tool geometry and machining parameters. Arabian Journal for Science and Engineering, 44, 7599-7616. doi: 10.1007/s13369-019-03865-z
• Davim, J. P., & Reis, P. (2004). Machinability study on composite (polyetheretherketone reinforced with 30% glass fibre–PEEK GF30) using polycrystalline diamond (PCD) and cemented carbide (K20) tools. The International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology, 23, 412-418. doi: 10.1007/s00170-003-1779-7
• Davim, J. P., & Mata, F. (2007). New machinability study of glass fiber reinforced plastics using polycrystalline diamond and cemented carbide (K15) tools. Materials & Design, 28, 1050–1054. doi: 10.1016/j.matdes.2005.09.019
• Davim, J. P., & Mata, F. (2008). Chemical vapour deposition (CVD) diamond coated tools performance in machining of PEEK composites. Materials & Design, 29, 1568-1574. doi: 10.1016/j.matdes.2007.11.002
• Domingo, R., García, M., & Gómez, M. R. (2013). Determination of energy during the dry drilling of PEEK GF30 considering the effect of torque. Procedia Engineering, 63, 687-693. doi: 10.1016/j.proeng.2013.08.195
• Domingo, R., Marín, M., Agustina, B., & Calvo, R. (2015). Delamination analysis of polymeric materials during the drilling process. Procedia Engineering, 132, 448-455. doi: 10.1016/j.proeng.2015.12.518
• Domingo, R., Agustina, B., & Marín M. M. (2020). Study of drilling process by cooling compressed air in reinforced polyether-ether-ketone. Materials, 13(8), 1965. doi: 10.3390/ma13081965
• Du, Y., Yang, T., Liu, C., & Sun, Y. (2022). Damage performance in drilling of carbon fiber-reinforced polyetheretherketone composites using drills with different geometries. The International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology, 121, 1743-1753. doi: 10.1007/s00170-022-09430-7
• Ficici, F., Ayparcası, Z., & Ünal, H. (2017). Influence of cutting tool and conditions on machinability aspects of polyphthalamide (PPA) matrix composite materials with 30 % glass fiber reinforced. The International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology, 90, 3067-3073. doi: 10.1007/s00170-016-9626-9
• Ficici, F. (2021). Investigation of thrust force in drilling polyphthalamide (PPA) composites. Measurement, 182, 109505. doi: 10.1016/j.measurement.2021.109505
• Izamshah, R., Azam, M. A., Hadzley M., Md Ali, M. A., Kasim, M. S., & Abdul Aziz M. S. (2013). Study of surface roughness on milling unfilled polyetheretherketones engineering plastics. Procedia Engineering, 68, 654-660. doi: 10.1016/j.proeng.2013.12.235
• Klocke, F., Shirobokova, A., Kerchnawe S., Wahl, M., Mannensa, R., Feuerhacka, A., & Mattfelda, P. (2017). Experimental investigation of the hole accuracy, delamination, and cutting force in piercing of carbon fiber reinforced plastics. Procedia CIRP, 66, 215-220. doi: 10.1016/j.procir.2017.03.297
• Lopez-Arraiza A., Amenabar I., Agirregomezkorta, A., Sarrionandia, M., & Aurrekoetxea, J. (2012). Experimental analysis of drilling damage in carbon-fiber reinforced thermoplastic laminates manufactured by resin transfer molding. Journal of Composite Materials, 46, 717-25. doi: 10.1177/0021998311414218
• Mata, F., Gaitonde, V. N., Karnik, S. R., & Davim J. P. (2009). Influence of cutting conditions on machinability aspects of PEEK, PEEK CF 30 and PEEK GF 30 composites using PCD tools. Journal of Materials Processing Technology, 209, 1980-1987. doi: 10.1016/j.jmatprotec.2008.04.060
• Mata, F., Beamud, E., Hanafi, I., Khamlichi, A., Jabbouri, A., & Bezzazi, M. (2010). Multiple regression prediction model for cutting forces in turning carbon-reinforced PEEK CF30. Advances in Materials Science and Engineering, 1-7. doi: 10.1155/2010/824098
• McLauchlin, A. R., Ghita, O. R., & Savage, L. (2014). Studies on the reprocessability of poly (ether ether ketone) (PEEK). Journal of Materials Processing Technology, 214, 75-80. doi: 10.1016/j.jmatprotec.2013.07.010
• Palanikumar, K., Latha, B., Senthilkumar, V., & Paulo, D. J. (2012). Analysis on drilling of glass fiber–reinforced polymer (GFRP) composites using Grey relational analysis. Materials and Manufacturing Processes, 27, 297-305. doi: 10.1080/10426914.2011.577865
• Rahman, M., Ramakrishna, S., & Thoo, H. C. (1999). Machinability study of carbon/PEEK composites. Machining Science and Technology, 3(1), 49-59. doi: 10.1080/10940349908945682
• Rajamurugan, T. V., Shanmugam, K., & Palanikumar, K. (2013). Analysis of delamination in drilling glass fiber reinforced polyester composites. Materials & Design, 45, 80–87. doi: 10.1016/j.matdes.2012.08.047
• Seo, J., Banerjee, N., Kim, Y., Kim, D. C. & Park, H. W. (2020). Experimental and analytical investigation of the drilling forces of the carbon fiber reinforced plastics including thermal effects, Journal of Manufacturing Processes, 58, 1126-1137. doi: 10.1016/j.jmapro.2020.08.063
• Sur, G., & Erkan, Ö. (2018). Cutting tool geometry in the drilling of CFRP composite plates and Taguchi optimisation of the cutting parameters affecting delamination. Sigma Journal of Engineering and Natural Sciences, 36(3), 619-628.
• Susac, F., Tabacaru, V., Teodor, V. G., & Baroıu, N. (2019). Effect of cutting parameters on the hole quality in dry drilling of some thermoplastic polymers. Materiale Plastice, 56, 1. doi: 10.37358/MP.19.1.5160
• Thiruchitrambalam, M., Bubesh Kumar, D., Shanmugam D., & Jawaid, M. (2020). A review on PEEK composites - Manufacturing methods, properties and applications. Materials Today: Proceedings, 33, 1085-1092. doi: 10.1016/j.matpr.2020.07.124
• Uslu, G., Demirhan, M., Yaşar, N., & Korkmaz, M. E. (2022). Influence of glass fiber ratio on machining characteristics of PA66 polymer for aerospace applications. İmalat Teknolojileri ve Uygulamaları, 3(1), 59-66. doi: 10.52795/mateca.1080444
• Vigneshwaran, S., Uthayakumar, M., & Arumugaprabu, V. (2018). Review on machinability of fiber reinforced polymers: A drilling approach. Silicon, 10, 2295–2305. doi: 10.1007/s12633-018-9764-9
• Weinert, K., & Kempmann, C. (2004). Cutting temperatures and their effects on the machining behavior in drilling reinforced plastic composites. Advanced Engineering Materials, 6(8), 684-689. doi: 10.1002/adem.200400025
• Weinert, K., Brinkel, F., Kempmann, C., & Pantke, K. (2007). The dependency of material properties and process conditions on the cutting temperatures when drilling polymers. Production Engineering - Research and Development, 1, 381-387. doi: 10.1007/s11740-007-0015-y
• Xu, J., Huang X., Davim J. P., Ji, M., & Chen, M. (2020). On the machining behavior of carbon fiber reinforced polyimide and PEEK thermoplastic composites. Polymer Composites, 41, 3649-3663. doi:10.1002/pc.25663
• Xu, J., Yin, Y., Davim, J. P., Li, L., Ji, M., Geier, N., & Chen, M., (2022). A critical review addressing drilling-induced damage of CFRP composites. Composite Structures, 294, 115594. doi: 10.1016/j.compstruct.2022.115594
• Yaşar, N., Korkmaz, M. E., & Günay, M. (2017). Investigation on hole quality of cutting conditions in drilling of CFRP composite. MATEC Web of Conferences, 112, 01013. doi: 10.1051/matecconf/20171120101
• Yaşar, N., & Günay, M. (2019). Experimental investigation on novel drilling strategy of CFRP laminates using variable feed rate. Journal of the Brazilian Society of Mechanical Sciences and Engineering, 41, 150. doi: 10.1007/s40430-019-1658-2
• Yazman, Ş. (2021). The effects of back-up on drilling machinability of filament wound GFRP composite pipes: Mechanical characterization and drilling tests. Journal of Manufacturing Processes, 68, 1535–1552. doi: 10.1016/j.jmapro.2021.06.054