Kars (Türkiye) Polifloral Arı Poleninin Botanik Kökeni, Antibakteriyel ve Antioksidan Özellikleri: Analitik Bir Çalışma

Year 2024, Volume: 29 Issue: 3, 842 - 853, 31.12.2024

Neslihan Mutlu , Gül Esma Akdoğan Karadağ , Salih Akpınar

https://doi.org/10.53433/yyufbed.1465191

Abstract

Bu çalışmanın amacı, Türkiye’nin kuzey-doğusunda yer alan Kars’ta bulunan polifloral arı poleninin otanik kökeni, antibakteriyel ve antioksidan aktivitelerinin yanı sıra toplam fenolik içeriği ve toplam flavonoid içeriğini araştırmaktır. Polenin, Cistaceae, Boraginaceae, Brassicaceae, Fabaceae, Papaveraceae, Asteraceae, Polygonaceae, Rosaceae, Lamiaceae ve Plantaginaceae dahil olmak üzere on takson içerdiği bulundu. Test edilen mikroorganizmalara karşı minimum inhibitör konsantrasyon (MİK) değerleri 2.5 ile 5 mg/mL arasında değişmektedir. Toplam fenolik içeriğin belirlenmesinde Folin-Ciocalteu yöntemi kullanılmış ve bu miktarın 23.65 mg gallik asit eşdeğeri (GAE)/g olduğu belirlenmiştir. Arı poleni etanolik ekstraktındaki toplam flavonoid içerik değeri 14.56 mg kuersetin eşdeğeri (KE)/g olarak belirlenmiştir. Arı poleni etanolik ekstraktının antioksidan kapasitesi, 1,1-Difenil-2-pikrilhidrazil (DPPH), bakır iyon azaltıcı antioksidan kapasitesi (CUPRAC) ve 2,2'-Azino-bis-3-etilbenztiyazolin-6- sülfonik asit (ABTS) yöntemleri kullanılarak değerlendirilmiş, sırasıyla 16.18 mg Trolox eşdeğeri (TE)/g, 54. mg TE/g ve 91.9 mg TE/g sonuçları elde edilmiştir. Yağ asidi bileşimleri, gaz kromatografisi/kütle spektrometrisi (GC/MS) kullanılarak belirlenmiştir. Baskın yağ asidinin α -linolenik asit (%20.46) olduğu, bunu sırasıyla linoleik asit (%16.68), palmitik asit (%12.94) ve araşidonik asitin (%9.65) takip ettiği tespit edilmiştir. Bu çalışmada, Kars'tan temin edilen polifloral arı poleninin botanik çeşitliliği, antibakteriyel ve antioksidan özellikleri ile kimyasal içeriği hakkında kapsamlı bir değerlendirme sunmaktadır.

Keywords

Antibakteriyel aktivite, Antioksidan aktivite, Arı poleni, GC/MS, Yağ asidi

Thanks

Analizler sırasında sağladıkları teknik destek için Sinop Üniversitesi Merkezi Araştırma Laboratuvarı personeline teşekkür ederiz.

Botanical Origin, Antibacterial, and Antioxidant Properties of Polyfloral Bee Pollen from Kars (Türkiye): An Analytical Study

Abstract

The aim of the present study is to investigate the botanical origin, antibacterial and antioxidant activities, as well as the total phenolic content and total flavonoid content of polyfloral bee pollen from Kars in the north-eastern region of Turkey. The pollen load was found to contain ten taxa, including Cistaceae, Boraginaceae, Brassicaceae, Fabaceae, Papaveraceae, Asteraceae, Polygonaceae, Rosaceae, Lamiaceae, and Plantaginaceae. The minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) values against tested microorganisms ranged from 2.5 to 5 mg mL-1. The Folin-Ciocalteu method was used to determine the total phenolic content, which was found to be 23.65 mg gallic acid equivalent (GAE) g-1. The TFC value in the bee pollen ethanolic extract was determined to be 14.56 mg quercetin equivalent (QE) g-1. The antioxidant capacity of the bee pollen ethanolic extract was evaluated using the 1,1‐Diphenyl‐2‐picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), cupric ion reducing antioxidant capacity (CUPRAC), and 2,2′‐Azino‐bis‐3‐ethylbenzthiazoline‐6‐sulphonic acid (ABTS) methods, which yielded results of 16.18 mg Trolox equivalent (TE) g-1, 54.23 mg TE g-1, and 91.9 mg TE g-1, respectively. The fatty acid compositions were identified using gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS). The predominant fatty acid was found to be α-linolenic acid (20.46 %), followed sequentially by linoleic acid (16.68 %), palmitic acid (12.94 %), and arachidonic acid (9.65 %). This study provides a comprehensive assessment of the botanical diversity, antibacterial and antioxidant properties, and chemical composition of polyfloral bee pollen from Kars.

Keywords

Antibacterial activity, Antioxidant activity, Bee pollen, Fatty acid, GC/MS

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