Investigation of Total Hardness Parameter Removal in Şamran Karst Spring Water with Fixed Bed Adsorption Column System (Gürpınar, Van)

Year 2025, Volume: 30 Issue: 2, 663 - 682, 31.08.2025

Muhammed Fatih Doğrar , Erkan Dişli

https://doi.org/10.53433/yyufbed.1640043

Abstract

In this study, a column adsorption method was applied under laboratory conditions to remove the total hardness (TH) of water obtained from the Şamran Karst Spring (Gürpınar, Van). According to the total hardness classification of Sawyer and McCarthy, the Şamran Spring is classified as "very hard water" with TH values measured between 374.12 mg CaCO₃/L and 614.40 mg CaCO₃/L. Quartz sand was used as the adsorbent material in the column experiments. The experimental data obtained from the column adsorption studies were evaluated using three different mathematical models (Adams-Bohart, Yoon-Nelson, and Thomas), and the results indicated that the adsorption process best fit the Adams-Bohart model with a correlation coefficient (R²) of 0.97. The structural characteristics of the adsorbent before and after adsorption were examined using FTIR and SEM analyses, thereby revealing the typical surface properties of the adsorbent. Among the experiments conducted, the highest TH removal was achieved using a column packed with quartz sand of 1-2 mm particle size, resulting in a removal efficiency of 18.68%.

Keywords

Column method , Quartz sand , Şamran Karst Spring , Total hardness , Van

Şamran Karst Kaynağında Toplam Sertlik Parametresi Gideriminin Kolon Sistemi ile İncelenmesi (Gürpınar, Van)

Abstract

Bu çalışmada, Şamran Karst Kaynağı’ndan (Gürpınar, Van) temin edilen suyun toplam sertliğini (TH) gidermek amacıyla laboratuvar ortamında kolon adsorpsiyon yöntemi uygulanmıştır. Sawyer ve McCarthy’nin toplam sertlik sınıflandırmasına göre, Şamran Kaynağı 374.12 mg CaCO₃/L ile 614.40 mg CaCO₃/L arasında ölçülen TH değerleriyle “çok sert sular” sınıfında yer almaktadır. Kolon deneylerinde adsorban malzeme olarak kuvars kumu kullanılmıştır. Elde edilen kolon adsorpsiyon verileri, üç farklı matematiksel model (Adams-Bohart, Yoon-Nelson ve Thomas) kullanılarak değerlendirilmiş; sonuçlar, adsorpsiyon sürecinin 0.97 korelasyon katsayısı (R²) ile en iyi Adams-Bohart modeline uyduğunu göstermiştir. Kullanılan adsorbanın adsorpsiyon öncesi ve sonrası yapısal özellikleri FTIR ve SEM analizleriyle incelenmiş; bu sayede adsorbanın karakteristik yüzey özellikleri ortaya konulmuştur. Yapılan deneyler sonucunda, kolon adsorpsiyon yöntemiyle en yüksek TH giderimi, 1-2 mm tane boyutuna sahip kuvars kumu kullanılarak hazırlanan kolonla sağlanmış ve bu yöntemde %18.68 oranında giderim verimi elde edilmiştir.

Keywords

Kolon deneyi , Kuvars kumu , Şamran Karst Kaynağı , Toplam sertlik , Van

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