TIBBİ, RUHSAL VE DAVRANIŞSAL (KLİNİK) DEĞİŞKENLERE GÖRE MAHPUSLARIN İNTİHAR OLASILIKLARI

Öz

GİRİŞ: İntihar, küresel bir halk sağlığı sorunu olmasının yanı sıra cezaevlerinde ve kapalı kurumlarda sık rastlanan bir durum olarak karşımıza çıkmaktadır. Bu araştırmanın temel amacı, Kocaeli 1 No.lu T Tipi Kapalı Ceza İnfaz Kurumu’nda kalan yetişkin erkek mahpusların tıbbi, ruhsal ve davranışsal (klinik) özelliklerinin intihar olasılıkları üzerindeki etkilerini incelemektir. YÖNTEM: Araştırmanın örneklemini, Kocaeli 1 No.lu T Tipi Kapalı Ceza İnfaz Kurumu’nda kalan ve araştırmaya katılmaya gönüllü olan 508 yetişkin erkek mahpus oluşturmaktadır. Araştırmada veriler ‘İntihar Olasılığı Ölçeği’ ve araştırmacı tarafından hazırlanan ‘Kişisel Bilgi Formu’ ile toplanmıştır. Araştırmanın istatistiksel değerlendirmesinde bağımsız örneklem t-testi ve tek yönlü varyans analizi (ANOVA), çoklu karşılaştırmalar için Tukey testi kullanılmıştır. BULGULAR: Elde edilen bulgulara göre örneklemin çoğunluğu (n=375; %74) hükümlülerden oluşmaktadır. Faça atma davranışı gösteren ve dövme yaptırmış olan, bağımlılık yapıcı madde kullanan, bir psikolog ya da psikiyatriste gitmiş olan, tanısı konmuş bir psikiyatrik hastalığı olan, kronik bir hastalığı bulunan, kendine fiziksel olarak zarar veren, daha önce intihar girişiminde bulunmuş olan mahpusların intihar olasılıklarının diğerlerinden daha yüksek olduğu bulunmuştur. SONUÇ: Hapishanelerin amacı, bireyleri topluma kazandırmaktır. Kapatılmanın verdiği zararın ne kadar büyük olduğu akılda tutularak bunu en aza indirecek önlem ve hizmetlerin artırılması, bireylere insanın onuruna yaraşır bir yaşam olanağı sağlanması önemlidir. Bu nedenle klinik anlamda tüm koşullar iyileştirilerek hapishanelerde intihar riski azaltılmaya çalışılmalıdır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Hapishane,intihar,intihar olasılığı,mahpus,hükümlü,ruh sağlığı

SUICIDE PROBABILITY OF INMATES ACCORDING TO MEDICAL, MENTAL AND BEHAVIOURAL (CLINICAL) VARIABLES

Abstract

Introduction: In addition to being a global public health problem, suicide is a common issue in prisons and closed institutions. The main purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of medical, psychological and behavioural (clinical) characteristics of adult male inmates in the Kocaeli T-Type Closed Prison on suicide probabilities. METHODS: The study sample consisted of 508 adult male prisoners who were staying in the T-Type Closed Prison of Kocaeli No. 1 and who were willing to participate in the study. The data were collected with the ’Suicide Probability Scale and Personal Information Form developed by the researcher. Independent sample t-test and one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Tukey test for multiple comparisons were used in the statistical evaluation of the study. According to the findings, the majority of the sample (n = 375; 74%) were convicts. RESULTS: Inmates who exhibited self-harm behaviour, who had tattooing, who used addictive substances, who had gone to a psychologist or a psychiatrist before imprisonment, who were diagnosed with a psychiatric disorder, have a chronic disease, previously attempted to commit suicide, were found to have higher probability rates for suicide. The findings are discussed in light of the literature and some suggestions are made. CONCLUSION: In conclusion, in order to reduce the risk of suicides in prisons, suicide risk evaluation studies should be conducted, developed and a decent living environment should be provided. For this reason, within the frame of the right to health, more specialised and easily accessible services should be provided to inmates who have special needs (substance addiction treatment programmes, more developed healthcare services concerning psychiatric and chronic illnesses).

Keywords

• Prison,inmate,prisoner,suicide,suicide probability,mental health

Kaynakça

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