Öz
Melasın fermantasyonu sonucunda oluşan şilempe, broyler diyetlerinde direk olarak kullanılır. Yeni geliştirilen modifiye şilempe ürünü "Bromass" ın vücut ağırlık artışı, yem alımı ve broyler performans indeksi üzerindeki etkileri bilinirken, Bromass'ın duodenum histomorfolojisi üzerindeki etkileri hakkında bir çalışma yoktur. Bu çalışmada farklı doz Bromass uygulamalarının, duodenum histomorfolojisi; total mukoza, villus yükseklikleri, kript derinliği ve villus yüksekliğinin kript derinliğine oranına etkilerinin araştırılması amaçlanmıştır. Histomorfolojik inceleme için, 40 tane broyler tavuk (Ross-308), 4 gruba ayrılmış, bazal diyet (kontrol) ve Bromass’ın 3 farklı dozuyla (5, 30 ve 60 g/kg) 42 gün boyunca beslenmiştir. Uygulamanın sonucunda, duodenum örnekleri %10’luk formalin içerisinde tespit edilmiş, rutin histolojik prosedür sonrasında Crossman’nın üçlü boyasıyla boyanarak, duodenum mukozasında villus yükseklikleri, kript derinlikleri ve total mukoza ölçümleri yapılmıştır. Broyler tavukların Bromass ile beslenmesi sonrası, duodenumda villus ve total mukoza yüksekliklerinin arttığı gözlendi. Ayrıca sindirilebilirliğin en önemli göstergelerinden olan villus yüksekliğinin kript derinliğine oranında da artış saptandı. Bromass uygulama dozunun artışıyla bu parametrelerde artış belirgin olarak gösterildi. Sonuç olarak, Broyler diyetlerine Bromass katkı maddesinin ilavesi sonucunda duodumum emilim kapasitesinde artış olduğu saptanmıştır ve Bromass’ın ince bağırsak morfolojisi üzerine olumlu etkilerinin olabileceği düşünülmektedir. Bu çalışma temel alınarak, sonraki çalışmalarda, Bromass’ın sindirim sistemindeki farklı etkileri incelenmelidir.
Kaynakça
- 1. Foster WH, Stevenson MH. (1983). The interaction of food additives and protein content in broiler diets. Br Poult Sci. 24(4): 455-462.
- 2. Sugiharto S, Ranjitkar S. (2019). Recent advances in fermented feeds towards improved broiler chicken performance, gastrointestinal tract microecology and immune responses: A review Anim Nutr. 5(1): 1-10.
- 3. Cengiz SS, Yesilbag D, Cetın I, Gunes NA, Eren M, Topaloğlu G. (2019). Use of Bromass in broiler rations as a different protein source. Revue Méd. Vét. 170(4-6): 95-103.
- 4. Oliveira MC, Silva DM, Carvalho CAFR, et al. (2013). Effect of including liquid vinasse in the diet of rabbits on growth performance. R Bras Zootec. 42(4): 259-263.
- 5. Bilal T, Ozpinar H, Gurel A, Ozcan A, Abas I, Kutay HC. (2001). Effects of beet vinasse {desugarized molasses) on performance, blood parameters, morphology, and histology of various organs in broilers. Arch Geflugelkd. 65: 224-230.
- 6. Abolfazl Zali, Mahdi Eftekhari, Farhang Fatehi, Ganjkhanlou M. (2017). Effect of vinasse (condensed molasses solubles) on performance and meat chemical composition of Holstein male calves. Ital J Anim Sci. 16(3): 515-520.
- 7. Stemme K, Gerdes B, Harms A, Kamphues J. (2005). Beet-vinasse (condensed molasses solubles) as an ingredient indiets for cattle and pigs – nutritive value and limitations. J Anim Physiol Anim Nutr. 89(3-6): 179-183.
- 8. Meimandipour A, Hair-Bejo M, Shuhaimi M et al. (2010). Gastrointestinal tract morphological alteration by unpleasant physical treatment and modulating role of Lactobacillus in broilers. Poult Sci. 51: 52-59.
- 9. Chiang G, Lu WQ, Piao XS et al. (2010). Effects of feeding solid-state fermented rapeseed meal on performance, nutrient digestibility, intestinal ecology and intestinal morphology of broiler chickens. Asian Australas J Anim Sci. 23: 263e71.
- 10. Mathivanan R, Selvaraj P, Nanjappan K. (2006). Feeding of fermented soybean meal on broiler performance. Int J Poult Sci. 5: 868e72.
- 11. Sun H, Tang JW, Fang CL et al. (2013). Molecular analysis of intestinal bacterial microbiota of broiler chickens fed diets containing fermented cottonseed meal. Poult Sci. 92: 392e401.
- 12. Zhang X, Zhao L, Cao F, Ahmad H, Wang G, Wang T. (2013). Effects of feeding fermented Ginkgo biloba leaves on small intestinalmorphology, absorption, and immunomodulation of early lipopolysaccharide-challenged chicks. Poult Sci. 92: 119e30.
- 13. Gao J, Zhang HJ, Wu SG et al. (2009). Effect of Saccharomyces cerevisiae fermentation product on immune functions of broilers challenged with Eimeriatenella. Poult Sci. 88: 2141e51.
- 14. Uzunoğlu K, Yalçın S. (2019). Effects of dietary supplementation of betaine and sepiolite supplementation on performance and intestinal health in broilers. Ankara Univ Vet Fak Derg. 66(3): 221-230.
- 15. A.O.A.C.: Association Of Official Analytıcal Chemists, Official methods of analysis. (2000) 17thed., Maryland, USA.
- 16. Crossman GA. (1977). Modification of Mallory’s Connective Tissue stain with a discussion of the principles involved. Anat Rec. 9: 33-38.
- 17. Pelicano ERL, Souza PA, Souza HBA et al. (2005). Intestinal mucosa development in broiler chickens fed natural growth promoters. Rev Bras Cienc Avic. 7: 221-229.
- 18. Weigand E, Kirchgessner M. (1980). Protein and energy value of vinasse for pigs. Anim Feed Sci Technol. 5(3): 221-231.
- 19. Adibmoradi M, Navidshad B, Seifdavati J, Royan M. (2006). Effect of dietary garlic meal on histological structure of small intestinal in broiler chickens. J Poult Sci. 43: 378-383.
- 20. Awad WA, Bohm J, Razzazi-Fazeli E, Ghareeb K, Zentek J. (2006). Effect of addition of a probiotic microorganism to broiler diets contaminated with deoxynivalenol on perform-ance and histological alterations of small intestinal villi of broiler chickens. Poult. Sci. 85: 974-979.
- 21. Onderci M, Sahin N, Sahin K et al. (2006). Efficacy of supplementation of-amylase-producing bacterial culture on the performance, nutrient use and gut morphology of broiler chickens fed a corn-based diet. Poult Sci. 85: 505-510.
- 22. Murakami AE, Sakamoto MI, Natali MRM, Souza LMG, Franco JRG. (2007). Supplementation of glutamine and vitamin E on the morphometry of the intestinal mucosa in broilers chickens. Poult Sci. 86: 488-495.
- 23. Soltan MA. (2009). Influence of dietary glutamine supplementation on growth performance, small intestinal morphology, immune response and some blood parameters of broiler chickens. Int J Poult Sci. 8: 60-68.
- 24. Feng J, Liu X, Xu ZR, Wang YZ, Liu JX. (2007). Effects of fermented soybean meal on digestive enzyme activities and intestinal morphology in broilers. Poult Sci. 86: 1149e54.
- 25. Ahmed MMN, Zienhom I, Abdel-Wareth AAA. (2018). Application of betaine as feed additives in poultry nutrition-a review. J Exp Anim Sci. 2(3): 266-272.
- 26. Metzler-Zebeli BU, Eklund M, Mosenthin R. (2009). Impact of osmoregulatory and methyl donor functions of betaine on intestinal health and performance in poultry. World’s Poult Sci J. 653: 419-442.
- 27. Santos TT, Dassi SC, Franco CRC, Costa CRV, Lee SA, Silva AVF. (2019). Influence of fibre and betaine on development of the gastrointestinal tract of broilers between hatch and 14 d of age. Anim Nutr. 5: 115-126.
Öz
Molasses fermentation vinasse is used in broiler diets directly. The effects of newly developed modified vinasse product ‘’Bromass’’ on body weight gain, feed intake, and broiler performance index, but there is no study about the Bromass effects on intestinal histomorphology. The objective of present study to examine the different doses’ effects of Bromass on duodenum histomorphology; total mucosa height, villus height, crypt depth, and villus height to crypt depth ratio. For his purpose, 40 broiler chicks (Ross-308) were used and exposed to different doses of Bromass (5, 30, and 60 g/kg) for 42 days. After trials, duodenum sections were fixed with %10 formalin and after rutine histological procedure they were stained with triple (Crossman) stain and villus height, cript depth and total mucosa measured in duodenum. We found that villus height, crypt depth and total mucosa height increase after Bromass supplementation on diets. Also it was determined that villus height to crypt depth ratio, one of the most important parameters showing digestibility was increased. As the dose increased, it was determined that all parameter values increased. As a result of this study, it was found that Bromass supplementation on broiler diets increase absorption capacity and.has positive effects on intestinal morphology. In addition, this study will be lead of future studies is about different effects of Bromass on the digestive system.
Kaynakça
- 1. Foster WH, Stevenson MH. (1983). The interaction of food additives and protein content in broiler diets. Br Poult Sci. 24(4): 455-462.
- 2. Sugiharto S, Ranjitkar S. (2019). Recent advances in fermented feeds towards improved broiler chicken performance, gastrointestinal tract microecology and immune responses: A review Anim Nutr. 5(1): 1-10.
- 3. Cengiz SS, Yesilbag D, Cetın I, Gunes NA, Eren M, Topaloğlu G. (2019). Use of Bromass in broiler rations as a different protein source. Revue Méd. Vét. 170(4-6): 95-103.
- 4. Oliveira MC, Silva DM, Carvalho CAFR, et al. (2013). Effect of including liquid vinasse in the diet of rabbits on growth performance. R Bras Zootec. 42(4): 259-263.
- 5. Bilal T, Ozpinar H, Gurel A, Ozcan A, Abas I, Kutay HC. (2001). Effects of beet vinasse {desugarized molasses) on performance, blood parameters, morphology, and histology of various organs in broilers. Arch Geflugelkd. 65: 224-230.
- 6. Abolfazl Zali, Mahdi Eftekhari, Farhang Fatehi, Ganjkhanlou M. (2017). Effect of vinasse (condensed molasses solubles) on performance and meat chemical composition of Holstein male calves. Ital J Anim Sci. 16(3): 515-520.
- 7. Stemme K, Gerdes B, Harms A, Kamphues J. (2005). Beet-vinasse (condensed molasses solubles) as an ingredient indiets for cattle and pigs – nutritive value and limitations. J Anim Physiol Anim Nutr. 89(3-6): 179-183.
- 8. Meimandipour A, Hair-Bejo M, Shuhaimi M et al. (2010). Gastrointestinal tract morphological alteration by unpleasant physical treatment and modulating role of Lactobacillus in broilers. Poult Sci. 51: 52-59.
- 9. Chiang G, Lu WQ, Piao XS et al. (2010). Effects of feeding solid-state fermented rapeseed meal on performance, nutrient digestibility, intestinal ecology and intestinal morphology of broiler chickens. Asian Australas J Anim Sci. 23: 263e71.
- 10. Mathivanan R, Selvaraj P, Nanjappan K. (2006). Feeding of fermented soybean meal on broiler performance. Int J Poult Sci. 5: 868e72.
- 11. Sun H, Tang JW, Fang CL et al. (2013). Molecular analysis of intestinal bacterial microbiota of broiler chickens fed diets containing fermented cottonseed meal. Poult Sci. 92: 392e401.
- 12. Zhang X, Zhao L, Cao F, Ahmad H, Wang G, Wang T. (2013). Effects of feeding fermented Ginkgo biloba leaves on small intestinalmorphology, absorption, and immunomodulation of early lipopolysaccharide-challenged chicks. Poult Sci. 92: 119e30.
- 13. Gao J, Zhang HJ, Wu SG et al. (2009). Effect of Saccharomyces cerevisiae fermentation product on immune functions of broilers challenged with Eimeriatenella. Poult Sci. 88: 2141e51.
- 14. Uzunoğlu K, Yalçın S. (2019). Effects of dietary supplementation of betaine and sepiolite supplementation on performance and intestinal health in broilers. Ankara Univ Vet Fak Derg. 66(3): 221-230.
- 15. A.O.A.C.: Association Of Official Analytıcal Chemists, Official methods of analysis. (2000) 17thed., Maryland, USA.
- 16. Crossman GA. (1977). Modification of Mallory’s Connective Tissue stain with a discussion of the principles involved. Anat Rec. 9: 33-38.
- 17. Pelicano ERL, Souza PA, Souza HBA et al. (2005). Intestinal mucosa development in broiler chickens fed natural growth promoters. Rev Bras Cienc Avic. 7: 221-229.
- 18. Weigand E, Kirchgessner M. (1980). Protein and energy value of vinasse for pigs. Anim Feed Sci Technol. 5(3): 221-231.
- 19. Adibmoradi M, Navidshad B, Seifdavati J, Royan M. (2006). Effect of dietary garlic meal on histological structure of small intestinal in broiler chickens. J Poult Sci. 43: 378-383.
- 20. Awad WA, Bohm J, Razzazi-Fazeli E, Ghareeb K, Zentek J. (2006). Effect of addition of a probiotic microorganism to broiler diets contaminated with deoxynivalenol on perform-ance and histological alterations of small intestinal villi of broiler chickens. Poult. Sci. 85: 974-979.
- 21. Onderci M, Sahin N, Sahin K et al. (2006). Efficacy of supplementation of-amylase-producing bacterial culture on the performance, nutrient use and gut morphology of broiler chickens fed a corn-based diet. Poult Sci. 85: 505-510.
- 22. Murakami AE, Sakamoto MI, Natali MRM, Souza LMG, Franco JRG. (2007). Supplementation of glutamine and vitamin E on the morphometry of the intestinal mucosa in broilers chickens. Poult Sci. 86: 488-495.
- 23. Soltan MA. (2009). Influence of dietary glutamine supplementation on growth performance, small intestinal morphology, immune response and some blood parameters of broiler chickens. Int J Poult Sci. 8: 60-68.
- 24. Feng J, Liu X, Xu ZR, Wang YZ, Liu JX. (2007). Effects of fermented soybean meal on digestive enzyme activities and intestinal morphology in broilers. Poult Sci. 86: 1149e54.
- 25. Ahmed MMN, Zienhom I, Abdel-Wareth AAA. (2018). Application of betaine as feed additives in poultry nutrition-a review. J Exp Anim Sci. 2(3): 266-272.
- 26. Metzler-Zebeli BU, Eklund M, Mosenthin R. (2009). Impact of osmoregulatory and methyl donor functions of betaine on intestinal health and performance in poultry. World’s Poult Sci J. 653: 419-442.
- 27. Santos TT, Dassi SC, Franco CRC, Costa CRV, Lee SA, Silva AVF. (2019). Influence of fibre and betaine on development of the gastrointestinal tract of broilers between hatch and 14 d of age. Anim Nutr. 5: 115-126.
Ayrıntılar
| Birincil Dil | İngilizce |
|---|---|
| Konular | Veteriner Cerrahi |
| Bölüm | Araştıma |
| Yazarlar | |
| Yayımlanma Tarihi | 31 Aralık 2020 |
| Kabul Tarihi | 26 Ekim 2020 |
| Yayımlandığı Sayı | Yıl 2020 Cilt: 13 Sayı: 2 |
