Britain’s Post-War Defence Policy in the Middle East and Its Impact on Turkey, 1945-50

Behçet Kemal Yeşilbursa

Araştırma Makalesi

Yıl 1999, Cilt: 15 Sayı: 45, 1121 - 1148, 01.11.1999

Öz

The object of this article is to expose and analyse the gradual stages in the implementation process of Britain's defence policies in the Middle East after the Second World War, taking into account the impact of these policies on Turkey. Britain was concemed about the future of her bilateral defence agreements with local States, as the people of the region were struggling to free themselves from British colonial dependence. In addition, growing Soviet threats towards the region were a cause of concern. Britain's economic and financial difficulties in this period also had negative effects on her projected defence policies in the region. In order to overcome these difficulties Britain tried to secure the United States' cooperation. The article is based on archival material-British and American- as well as secondary sources in English and Turkish

Anahtar Kelimeler

Britain, Turkey, Middle East

Kaynakça

DEFE4/10 JP(47)16, 13 January 1948. DEFE4/10 COS(48)8th meeting, 16 January 1948. DEFE5/7 COS(48)56, 4 May 1948. FRUS, 1948, Vol. IV, p.79.
DEFE4/20 JP(49)29 (Final), 30 March 1949.
FO800/477, Record of a conversation betvveeıı Hector Macneill and George Kennan, 11 Aıı- gııst 1949.
George McGhee, Envoy to the Middle World (New York, 1983), pp.53-60, 80-87. FRUS, 1949, Vol.VI, pp.50-90, 165-179.
CAB129/37 CP(49)209, 19 October 1949. CAB2I/2088 JP(50)106 (Revised Final), 1 Sep- teınber 1950.
CAB131/1 DO(46)22, 19 July 1946. DEFE4/20 JP(49)29 (Final), 30 Maıch 1949. CAB21/ 2088 JP(50)5 (Revised Final), 17 June 1950. FO371/81964/E1193/43, Minuteby theFO, 21 November 1950. Wm. RogerLouis and Roger Owen (eds.), Crisis and its.., pp. 19-29.
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FO371/133821/VI076/45, 'Arab Nationalism and Arab Unity', 12 June 1957. FO371/127749/ V1051/71, ’Aıab Nationalism', 20 March 1957. Also see Rashid Khalidi et al. (eds.), The Origins of Arab Nationalism (New York, 1991).
L.OUİS, British Empire..., pp.307-344. CAB129/68 C(54)181, Future Defence Arrangements with Iraq, 31 May 1954. Hurevvitz, Diplomacy..., pp.178-181.
FO371/1I5759/VQ1051/199, Wright to MacmiIIan, 17 May 1955. CABI29/68 C(54)I81, Future Defence Arrangements with Iraq, 31 May 1954. Hurevvitz, Diplomacy..., pp.296-299. Louis, British Empire..., pp.3.31-339. George Leııczovvski, The Middle East in World Affairs, 4th edn. (Lon- doıı, 1980), pp.276, 474. John Zametica (ed.), British Officials.., pp.121-155
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For the texts of these treaties, see Huıewitz,Diplomacy..., pp. 178-181,203-211.
Louis, British Empire..., pp.226-265. Hurewitz, Diplomacy..., pp.203-211.