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The Bathing Complexes of Anazarbos and the Baths of Cilicia

Yıl 2013, Sayı: 16, 141 - 166, 01.06.2013

Emanuele Casagrande Cıccı

Öz

The city of Anazarbos is located 60 km. northeast of modern Adana, close to a hill that rises more than 220 m. above the Çukurova plain1. Below the plain there used to stand a Roman city covering an area of 101 hectares. If we agree with Gough2, we can recognize the ancient settlement of Kyinda as Anazarbos, a site that was occupied since the 7th century B.C.3. Only very traces of the city from the pre-Roman times are preserved, but in recent years the site investigations have increased our knowledge about the Hellenistic development of Anazarbos4.

Kaynakça

  • Adak-Adıbelli 2007 I. Adak-Adıbelli, “Tarsus Roma Hamamı Kazıları. Excavations at the Roman Baths in Tarsus”, Anmed 5, 2007, 144-147.
  • Adam 2006 J. P. Adam, L’arte di costruire presso i Romani (2006).
  • Alföldi 1969 E. Alföldi, “Excavations and restaurations at Anemurium (Eski Anamur), 1969”, TürkAD 18.2, 1969, 37-39.
  • Alföldi-Rosenbaum 1989 E. Alföldi-Rosenbaum, “Anemurium. A bath building of the early Christian - early Byzantine period”, in: Actes du XIe Congrès international d’archéologie chrétienne, Lyon, Vienne, Grenoble, Genève et Aoste 21-28 septembre 1986 (1989) 1647-1659.
  • Ambraseys 2009 N. Ambraseys, Earthquakes in the Mediterranean and Middle East: a multidisciplinary study of seismicity up to 1900 (2009).
  • Aşkın 2010 E. Aşkın, “Korykos’un (Dağlık Kilikia) Hellenistik Dönemi Üzerine Gözlemler”, TÜBA-AR 2010, 77-90.
  • Bargellini 1991 P. Bargellini, “Le Terme centrali di Pompei”, in: Les thermes romains. Actes de la table ronde, Rome 11-12 novembre 1988, École française de Rome (1991) 115-128.
  • Barresi 2007 P. Barresi, “Il sofista Flavio Damiano di Efeso e la costruzione di terme-ginnasi nell’Asia Minore romana di età imperiale”, in: Arte e memoria culturale nell’età della Seconda Sofistica (2007) 137-151.
  • Başal 1993 Ş. Başal, Antik Silifke ve Çevresi (1993).
  • Bean 1979 G. E. Bean, Turkey’s Southern Shore (1979).
  • Borgia – Spanu 2003 E. Borgia – M. Spanu, “Le Terme del Porto”, in: E. Equini Schneider (a cura di), Elaiussa Sebaste II. Un porto tra Oriente e Occidente (2003) 247-335.
  • De Giorgi 2011 U. De Giorgi, “Hellenistic Founders, Roman Builders: Anazarbos in Cilicia”, in: Hellenismus in der Kilikia Pedias, Bericht zum Internationalen Kolloquium im Deutschen Archäologischen Institut Berlin am 13. und 14. Februar 2009, BYZAS 14, 2011, 121-136.
  • Erdemgil – Özoral 1975 S. Erdemgil – F. Özoral, “Antiochia ad Cragum”, TürkAD XXII, 1975, 55-65.
  • Eschebach 1982 H. Eschebach, “La documentazione delle Terme del Foro a Pompei”, in: La regione sotterrata dal Vesuvio. Studi e prospettive. Atti del Convegno internazionale 11-15 novembre 1979, Napoli (1982) 313-319.
  • Farrington 1987 A. Farrington, “Imperial Bath Buildings in South-West Asia Minor”, in: S. Macready – F. H. Thompson (eds.), Roman Architecture in the Greek World (1987) 50-59.
  • Farrington 1995 A. Farrington, The Roman Baths of Lycia: an architectural study (1995).
  • Gallo 1991 P. Gallo, Terme e Bagni in Pompei antica (1991).
  • Gough 1952 M. Gough, “Anazarbus”, AnatSt 2, 1952, 85-150.
  • Hild – Hellenkemper 1990 F. Hild – H. Hellenkemper, Tabula Imperii Byzantini 5. Kilikien und Isaurien (1990).
  • Hill 1900 G. F. Hill, British Museum Catalogue of Greek Coins of Lycaonia, Isauria and Cilicia (1900).
  • Hoff – Townsend – Erdoğmuş et al. 2009
  • M. Hoff – R. Townsend – E. Erdoğmuş et al., “The Antiocheia ad Cragum Archaeological Research Project. Northeast Temple 2007 Season”, AST 26.2, 2009, 95-102.
  • Hoff – Townsend – Erdoğmuş et al. 2010 M. Hoff – R. Townsend – E. Erdoğmuş et al., “Antiocheia ad Cragum Arkeolojik Araştırma Projesi. Kuzeydoğu Tapınağı 2009 Sezonu”, Anmed 8, 2010, 9-13.
  • Huber 1993 G. Huber, “Syedra”, Anzeiger der Philosophisch-Historische Klasse 129.1992, 1993, 27-78.
  • Huber 2003 G. Huber, “Weiteres zu Syedra”, Anzeiger der Philosophisch-Historische Klasse 138.2003, 2003, 148-165.
  • Karamut 1996 I. Karamut, “1995 yılı Syedra Antik Kenti Çevre Düzenleme ve Kurtarma Kazısı Çalışmaları”, MüzeKKS VII (1997) 49-56.
  • Mietke 1999 G. Mietke, “Die Apostelkirche von Anazarbos und Syrien”, Olba 2, 1999, 227-239.
  • Posamentir 2011a R. Posamentir, “Anazarbos in Late Antiquity”, in: O. Dally – C. Ratté (eds.), Archaeology and the cities of Asia Minor in late antiquity (2012) 205-224.
  • Posamentir 2011b R. Posamentir, “Anazarbos im Hellenismus”, in: Hellenismus in der Kilikia Pedias, Bericht zum Internationalen Kolloquium im Deutschen Archäologischen Institut Berlin am 13. und 14. Februar 2009, BYZAS 14, 2011, 97-120.
  • Posamentir – Sayar 2006 R. Posamentir – M. H. Sayar, “Anazarbos: ein Zwischenbericht aus der Metropole des Ebenen Kilikien”, IstMitt 56, 2006, 317-357.
  • Ricci 1990 A. Ricci, “Alcune annotazioni sull’impianto difensivo di epoca pre-armena di Anazarbus (Cilicia)”, in: Milion, Studi e ricerche d’Arte Bizantina, vol. II: Costantinopoli e l’Arte delle province Orientali (1990) 457-464.
  • Rosenbaum – Huber – Onurkan 1967 E. Rosenbaum – G. Huber – S. Onurkan, “A survey of coastal cities in western Cilicia. Preliminary report” (1967).
  • Russell 1975 J. Russell, “Excavations at Anemurium (Eski Anamur) 1973”, TürkAD XXII, 1975, 133-154.
  • Russell 1982 J. Russell, “Byzantine instrumenta domestica from Anemurium. The significance of context”, in: R. L. Hohlfelder (ed.), City, town and countryside in the early Byzantine era (1982) 133-154.
  • Russell 1986 J. Russell, “Excavations at Anemurium (Eski Anamur), 1985”, Echos du Monde Classique 5, 1986, 173-183.
  • Sayar 1991 M. H. Sayar, “Equites Singulares Augusti in neuen inschriften aus Anazarbos”, EpigAnat 17, 1991, 19-38.
  • Sayar 2000 M. H. Sayar, Die Inschriften von Anazarbos und Umgebung (2000).
  • Scherrer 2000 P. Scherrer, Ephesus: The New guide (2000).
  • Spanu 1999 M. Spanu, “Le terme in opus mixtum”, in E. Equini Schneider (ed.), Elaiussa Sebaste I. Campagne di scavo 1995-1997 (1999) 103-114.
  • Spanu 2010 M. Spanu, “Tecniche costruttive nella Cilicia di età imperiale. Lineamenti generali”, in: Arqueología de la construcción, 2. Los procesos constructivos en el mundo romano. Italia y provincias orientales. Certosa di Pontignano, Siena, 13-15 de noviembre de 2008 (2010) 397-409.
  • Tekocak 2008 M. Tekocak, “Kelenderis Liman Hamamı”, Olba 16, 2008, 133-161.
  • Türkmen – Karamut 1997 S. Türkmen – I. Karamut, “Dağlık Kilikya’da Bir Kent. Iotape”, TürkAD 31, 1997, 291-305.
  • Umar 2000 B. Umar, Kilikia: bir tarihsel coğrafya araştırması ve gezi rehberi (2000).
  • Verzone 1957a P. Verzone, “Hierapolis-Castabala”, Palladio 7, 1957, 54-57.
  • Verzone 1957b P. Verzone, “Anazarbus”, Palladio 7, 1957, 9-25.
  • Yegül 1986 F. K. Yegül, “The Baths-Gymnasium Complex at Sardis”, in Archaeological Exploration of Sardis, Report 3 (1986).
  • Yegül 1992 F. K. Yegül, Baths and bathing in Classical Antiquity (1992).
  • Yegül 2010 F. K. Yegül, Bathing in the Roman World (2010).
  • Zeyrek 2011 T. H. Zeyrek, “Kastabala-Hierapolis Kazısı 2009-2010. Excavations at KastabalaHierapolis in 2009-2010”, Anmed 9, 2011, 25-28.
  • Ziegler 1993 R. Ziegler, Kaiser, Heer und Städtisches Geld (1993).

The Bathing Complexes of Anazarbos and the Baths of Cilicia

Yıl 2013, Sayı: 16, 141 - 166, 01.06.2013

Emanuele Casagrande Cıccı

Öz

Kaynakça

  • Adak-Adıbelli 2007 I. Adak-Adıbelli, “Tarsus Roma Hamamı Kazıları. Excavations at the Roman Baths in Tarsus”, Anmed 5, 2007, 144-147.
  • Adam 2006 J. P. Adam, L’arte di costruire presso i Romani (2006).
  • Alföldi 1969 E. Alföldi, “Excavations and restaurations at Anemurium (Eski Anamur), 1969”, TürkAD 18.2, 1969, 37-39.
  • Alföldi-Rosenbaum 1989 E. Alföldi-Rosenbaum, “Anemurium. A bath building of the early Christian - early Byzantine period”, in: Actes du XIe Congrès international d’archéologie chrétienne, Lyon, Vienne, Grenoble, Genève et Aoste 21-28 septembre 1986 (1989) 1647-1659.
  • Ambraseys 2009 N. Ambraseys, Earthquakes in the Mediterranean and Middle East: a multidisciplinary study of seismicity up to 1900 (2009).
  • Aşkın 2010 E. Aşkın, “Korykos’un (Dağlık Kilikia) Hellenistik Dönemi Üzerine Gözlemler”, TÜBA-AR 2010, 77-90.
  • Bargellini 1991 P. Bargellini, “Le Terme centrali di Pompei”, in: Les thermes romains. Actes de la table ronde, Rome 11-12 novembre 1988, École française de Rome (1991) 115-128.
  • Barresi 2007 P. Barresi, “Il sofista Flavio Damiano di Efeso e la costruzione di terme-ginnasi nell’Asia Minore romana di età imperiale”, in: Arte e memoria culturale nell’età della Seconda Sofistica (2007) 137-151.
  • Başal 1993 Ş. Başal, Antik Silifke ve Çevresi (1993).
  • Bean 1979 G. E. Bean, Turkey’s Southern Shore (1979).
  • Borgia – Spanu 2003 E. Borgia – M. Spanu, “Le Terme del Porto”, in: E. Equini Schneider (a cura di), Elaiussa Sebaste II. Un porto tra Oriente e Occidente (2003) 247-335.
  • De Giorgi 2011 U. De Giorgi, “Hellenistic Founders, Roman Builders: Anazarbos in Cilicia”, in: Hellenismus in der Kilikia Pedias, Bericht zum Internationalen Kolloquium im Deutschen Archäologischen Institut Berlin am 13. und 14. Februar 2009, BYZAS 14, 2011, 121-136.
  • Erdemgil – Özoral 1975 S. Erdemgil – F. Özoral, “Antiochia ad Cragum”, TürkAD XXII, 1975, 55-65.
  • Eschebach 1982 H. Eschebach, “La documentazione delle Terme del Foro a Pompei”, in: La regione sotterrata dal Vesuvio. Studi e prospettive. Atti del Convegno internazionale 11-15 novembre 1979, Napoli (1982) 313-319.
  • Farrington 1987 A. Farrington, “Imperial Bath Buildings in South-West Asia Minor”, in: S. Macready – F. H. Thompson (eds.), Roman Architecture in the Greek World (1987) 50-59.
  • Farrington 1995 A. Farrington, The Roman Baths of Lycia: an architectural study (1995).
  • Gallo 1991 P. Gallo, Terme e Bagni in Pompei antica (1991).
  • Gough 1952 M. Gough, “Anazarbus”, AnatSt 2, 1952, 85-150.
  • Hild – Hellenkemper 1990 F. Hild – H. Hellenkemper, Tabula Imperii Byzantini 5. Kilikien und Isaurien (1990).
  • Hill 1900 G. F. Hill, British Museum Catalogue of Greek Coins of Lycaonia, Isauria and Cilicia (1900).
  • Hoff – Townsend – Erdoğmuş et al. 2009
  • M. Hoff – R. Townsend – E. Erdoğmuş et al., “The Antiocheia ad Cragum Archaeological Research Project. Northeast Temple 2007 Season”, AST 26.2, 2009, 95-102.
  • Hoff – Townsend – Erdoğmuş et al. 2010 M. Hoff – R. Townsend – E. Erdoğmuş et al., “Antiocheia ad Cragum Arkeolojik Araştırma Projesi. Kuzeydoğu Tapınağı 2009 Sezonu”, Anmed 8, 2010, 9-13.
  • Huber 1993 G. Huber, “Syedra”, Anzeiger der Philosophisch-Historische Klasse 129.1992, 1993, 27-78.
  • Huber 2003 G. Huber, “Weiteres zu Syedra”, Anzeiger der Philosophisch-Historische Klasse 138.2003, 2003, 148-165.
  • Karamut 1996 I. Karamut, “1995 yılı Syedra Antik Kenti Çevre Düzenleme ve Kurtarma Kazısı Çalışmaları”, MüzeKKS VII (1997) 49-56.
  • Mietke 1999 G. Mietke, “Die Apostelkirche von Anazarbos und Syrien”, Olba 2, 1999, 227-239.
  • Posamentir 2011a R. Posamentir, “Anazarbos in Late Antiquity”, in: O. Dally – C. Ratté (eds.), Archaeology and the cities of Asia Minor in late antiquity (2012) 205-224.
  • Posamentir 2011b R. Posamentir, “Anazarbos im Hellenismus”, in: Hellenismus in der Kilikia Pedias, Bericht zum Internationalen Kolloquium im Deutschen Archäologischen Institut Berlin am 13. und 14. Februar 2009, BYZAS 14, 2011, 97-120.
  • Posamentir – Sayar 2006 R. Posamentir – M. H. Sayar, “Anazarbos: ein Zwischenbericht aus der Metropole des Ebenen Kilikien”, IstMitt 56, 2006, 317-357.
  • Ricci 1990 A. Ricci, “Alcune annotazioni sull’impianto difensivo di epoca pre-armena di Anazarbus (Cilicia)”, in: Milion, Studi e ricerche d’Arte Bizantina, vol. II: Costantinopoli e l’Arte delle province Orientali (1990) 457-464.
  • Rosenbaum – Huber – Onurkan 1967 E. Rosenbaum – G. Huber – S. Onurkan, “A survey of coastal cities in western Cilicia. Preliminary report” (1967).
  • Russell 1975 J. Russell, “Excavations at Anemurium (Eski Anamur) 1973”, TürkAD XXII, 1975, 133-154.
  • Russell 1982 J. Russell, “Byzantine instrumenta domestica from Anemurium. The significance of context”, in: R. L. Hohlfelder (ed.), City, town and countryside in the early Byzantine era (1982) 133-154.
  • Russell 1986 J. Russell, “Excavations at Anemurium (Eski Anamur), 1985”, Echos du Monde Classique 5, 1986, 173-183.
  • Sayar 1991 M. H. Sayar, “Equites Singulares Augusti in neuen inschriften aus Anazarbos”, EpigAnat 17, 1991, 19-38.
  • Sayar 2000 M. H. Sayar, Die Inschriften von Anazarbos und Umgebung (2000).
  • Scherrer 2000 P. Scherrer, Ephesus: The New guide (2000).
  • Spanu 1999 M. Spanu, “Le terme in opus mixtum”, in E. Equini Schneider (ed.), Elaiussa Sebaste I. Campagne di scavo 1995-1997 (1999) 103-114.
  • Spanu 2010 M. Spanu, “Tecniche costruttive nella Cilicia di età imperiale. Lineamenti generali”, in: Arqueología de la construcción, 2. Los procesos constructivos en el mundo romano. Italia y provincias orientales. Certosa di Pontignano, Siena, 13-15 de noviembre de 2008 (2010) 397-409.
  • Tekocak 2008 M. Tekocak, “Kelenderis Liman Hamamı”, Olba 16, 2008, 133-161.
  • Türkmen – Karamut 1997 S. Türkmen – I. Karamut, “Dağlık Kilikya’da Bir Kent. Iotape”, TürkAD 31, 1997, 291-305.
  • Umar 2000 B. Umar, Kilikia: bir tarihsel coğrafya araştırması ve gezi rehberi (2000).
  • Verzone 1957a P. Verzone, “Hierapolis-Castabala”, Palladio 7, 1957, 54-57.
  • Verzone 1957b P. Verzone, “Anazarbus”, Palladio 7, 1957, 9-25.
  • Yegül 1986 F. K. Yegül, “The Baths-Gymnasium Complex at Sardis”, in Archaeological Exploration of Sardis, Report 3 (1986).
  • Yegül 1992 F. K. Yegül, Baths and bathing in Classical Antiquity (1992).
  • Yegül 2010 F. K. Yegül, Bathing in the Roman World (2010).
  • Zeyrek 2011 T. H. Zeyrek, “Kastabala-Hierapolis Kazısı 2009-2010. Excavations at KastabalaHierapolis in 2009-2010”, Anmed 9, 2011, 25-28.
  • Ziegler 1993 R. Ziegler, Kaiser, Heer und Städtisches Geld (1993).
Toplam 50 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil İngilizce
Bölüm Research Article
Yazarlar

Emanuele Casagrande Cıccı Bu kişi benim

Yayımlanma Tarihi 1 Haziran 2013
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2013 Sayı: 16

Kaynak Göster

Chicago Casagrande Cıccı, Emanuele. “The Bathing Complexes of Anazarbos and the Baths of Cilicia”. Adalya, sy. 16 (Haziran 2013): 141-66.

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