Banded Bowls from Tepebağ Höyük (Cilicia Pedias)

Year 2020, Issue: 23, 133 - 173, 15.11.2020

Fatma Şahin Erkan Alkaç

https://doi.org/10.47589/adalya.837572

Cited By: 1

Abstract

Tepebağ Höyük, located in Cilicia Pedias, has revealed different types of bowl forms classified as “Banded Bowls” in the literature of ancient pottery. In this article, banded bowls from the mound are categorized, according to their rims, into five groups: “simple”, “inverted”, “high”, “flat” and “everted-rounded”. High-rim bowls are further divided into two subgroups: “angular rim” and “rounded rim”. In the region, the earliest examples of these banded bowls are dated to the 7th century BC while the latest examples to the 4th century BC. The Tepebağ banded-bowl examples are known from many centers in the Eastern Mediterranean region, but this constitutes the first study on this subject for the Adana region. The banded bowls from Tepebağ have been dated between the 6th and 4th century BC based on the stratigraphic layers of the site.

Keywords

Eastern Mediterranean, Cilicia Pedias, Tepebağ Höyük, banded bowls

Thanks

The Tepebağ Höyük excavations were conducted between the years 2015-2016 under the directorship of the Adana Archaeological Museum and with scientific advice from members of the Archaeology Department at Çukurova University, headed by Fatma Şahin. They were financially supported by the Adana Municipality. The Banded Bowls discussed here were unearthed in 2015 and being published for the first time in this article. Material from the 2015 season is held in the archives of the Tepebağ excavations. I would like to express my gratitude to Ebru İnceman for her drawings and support during the various stages of this work. Additionally, my thanks also go to Özlem Öztürk for translating this article into English and Ashley Cercone for its final English revision.

References

• Arslan, N. 2010. Kilikya Demir Çağı Seramiği: İthal Boyalı Seramikler ve İlişkiler. Istanbul: Ege Yayınları.
• Arslan, N. 2011. “Eisenzeitliche Keramik aus Kilikien.” In Hellenismus in der Kilikia Pedias, edited by A. Hoffmann, R. Posamentir, and M.H Sayar, 1-17. Byzas 14. Istanbul: Ege Yayınları.
• Aytaçlar, N. 2005. “Klazomenai Orientalizan Seramiği.” Ph.D. diss., Ege Üniversitesi.
• Aytaçlar, N., and M.N. Kozanlı. 2012. “Hellespontos İşliği.” Olba 20:27-117.
• Barnett, R.D. 1940. “The Greek Pottery.” AnnLiv 26:98-130.
• Ben-Tor, A., Y. Portugali, and M. Avissar. 1983. “The Third and Fourth Seasons of Excavations at Tel Yoqne’am, 1979 and 1981: Preliminary Report.” Israel Exploration Journal 33.1/2:30-54.
• Buitron-Oliver, D. 1996. “The Sanctuary of Apollo Hylates at Kourion: Excavations in the Archaic Precinct.” SIMA 109:41-71.
• Coldstream, J.N. 1981. “The Greek Geometric and Plain Archaic Imports.” In Excavations at Kition. Vol. 4, The Non-Cypriote Pottery, edited by V. Karageorghis 17-22. Nicosia: Department of Antiquities.
• Darga, M. 1986. “Karatepe-Azatiwataya Kalesinin Çanak Çömlek Buluntuları.” Anadolu Araştırmaları 10:371-410.
• Durukan, M., and E. Alkaç. 2007. “Nagidos Kazısı Klasik Dönem Seramikleri.” In Dağlık Kilikia’da Bir Antik Kent Kazısının Sonuçları NAGIDOS, edited by S. Durugönül, 112-54. Adalya Suppl. 6. Istanbul: AKMED.
• Ergürer, H. 2016. “Niğde Kınık Höyük Demir Çağı Seramikleri.” Ph.D. diss., Atatürk Üniversitesi.
• Ergürer, H. 2018. “Gövezli Tepesi Höyük Demir Çağı Seramikleri.” Türkiye Bilimler Akademisi Dergisi 22:63-93.
• Ersoy, A.E. 1993. “Clazomenae: The Archaic Settlement.” Ph.D. diss., Bryn Mawr College.
• Garstang, J. 1953. Preshistoric Mersin Yümük Tepe in Southern Turkey. Oxford: Clarendon Press.
• Gjerstad, E. 1948. The Swedish Cyprus Expedition. Vol 4.2, The Cypro-Geometric, Cypro-Archaic and Cypro-Classical Periods. Stockholm: The Swedish Cyprus Expedition.
• Gjerstad, E., ed. 1977. “Archaic East-Greek Pottery.” In Greek Geometric and Archaic Pottery Found in Cyprus, edited by E. Gjerstad and Y. Calvet, 30-34. Skrifter utgivna av Svenska Institutet i Athen 4.26. Stockholm: Swedish Institute in Athens.
• Hanfmann, G.M.A. 1963. “The Iron Age Pottery of Tarsus.” In Excavations at Gözlü Kule, Tarsus. Vol. 3, The Iron Age, edited by H. Goldman, 18-332. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.
• İren, K. 2003. Aiolische Orientalisierende Keramik. Istanbul: Ege Yayınları.
• Jean, E. 2019. “Between the Late Bronze and Iron Ages in Cilicia: Local Painted Wares from a Regional Perspective.” Archaeology & History in the Lebanon 50/51:8-47.
• Janeway, B. 2017. Sea Peoples of the Northern Levant? Aegean-Style Pottery from Early Iron Age Tell Tayinat. Studies in the History and Archaeology of the Levant 7. Winona Lake, Ind.: Eisenbrauns.
• Kalkan, H. 1999. “Ankhiale’nin Yeri.” Master’s thesis, İstanbul Üniversitesi.
• Kapitaikin, L.A. 2006. “The Pottery from The IAA Excavations At Tel Mikhal (Tel Michal).” Atiqot 52:21-56.
• Karageorghis, V. 1977. “Pottery From Kition.” In Greek Geometric and Archaic Pottery Found in Cyprus, edited by E. Gjerstad and Y. Calvet, 61-63. Skrifter utgivna av Svenska Institutet i Athen 4.26. Stockholm: Swedish Institute in Athens.
• Lehmann, G. 1996. Untersuchungen zur späten Eisenzeit in Syrien und Libanon: Stratigraphie und Keramikformen zwischen ca. 720 bis 300 v. Chr. Altertumskunde des Vorderen Orients 5. Münster: Ugarit-Verlag.
• Lehmann, G. 2000. “East Greek or Levatine? Band-Decorated Pottery in the Levant during the Achaemenid Period.” Transeuphratène 19:83-113.
• Marchese, R. 1989. “Aegean and Cypriote Imports in the Persian Period (Strata XI-VI).” In Excavations at Tel Michal, Israel, edited by Z. Herzog, G. Jr. Rapp, and O. Negbi, 145-52. Monograph Series of the Institute of Archaeology of Tel Aviv University 8. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press.
• Massa, M., C. Bachhuber, F. Şahin, Y. Tuna, and N. Bostancı-Kolankaya. 2019a. “Konya İli, Karatay ve Çumra İlçeleri Arkeolojik Yüzey Araştırması 2017 Yılı.” Araştırma Sonuçları Toplantısı 36.3:17-34.
• Massa, M., C. Bachhuber, F. Şahin, Y. Tuna, and N. Bostancı-Kolankaya. 2019b. “The Konya Regional Archaeological Survey Project. The 2017 and 2018 Field Seasons.” Anatolica 45:159-80.
• Mook, S.M., and W.D.E. Coulson. 1995. “East Greek and Other Imported Pottery.” In Excavations at Dor, Final Report. Vol. 1B, Areas A and C: The Finds, edited by E. Stern, 93-126. Qedem Reports 2. Jeruselam: Institute of Archaeology, Hebrew University of Jerusalem.
• Noted, E. 1980. “Le Niveau 3 (Periode Perse).” In Tell Keisan (1971-1976): une cité hénicienne en Galilée, edited by J. Briend and J.B. Humbert, 117-29. Orbis Biblicus et Orientalis, Series Archaeologia 1. Fribourg: Editions universitaires.
• Özaydın, T. 2010. “Demir Çağ Tabakaları.” In Yumuktepe. Dokuzbin Yıllık Yolculuk, edited by I. Caneva and G. Köroğlu, 73-78. Istanbul: Ege Yayınları.
• Özdemir, H.F. 2008. “Yukarı Ova (Ceyhan Ovası) Hellenistik Dönem Seramiği.” Master’s thesis, Çukurova Üniversitesi.
• Özer, B. 2018. “Kıyı Karia Arkaik Dönem Seramiği: Miletos Tipinde Ticari Amphoralar ve Bölgesel Amphora Üretimi ve Dağılımı Üzerine Bazı Sorular ve Ön Görüşler.” Phaselis 4:89-107.
• Özgünel, Ç. 2006. Karia Geometrik Seramiği. Istanbul: Homer Kitabevi.
• Pamir, H., and S. Nishiyama. 2002. “The Orontes Delta Survey: Archaeological Investigation of Ancient Trade Stations/Settlements.” Ancient West & East 1:294-314.
• Ploug, G. 1973. Sukas II: The Aegean, Corinthian and Eastern Greek Pottery and Terracottas. Publications of the Carlsberg Expedition to Phoenicia 2. Historisk-filosofiske Skrifter 6.2. Copenhagen: Munksgaard.
• Reyes, A.T. 1994. Archaic Cyprus. Oxford Monographs on Classical Archaeology. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
• Risser, M.K., and J.A. Blakely. 1989. “Imported Aegean Fine Ware in the First Millennium B.C.E.” In Tell el-Hesi III: The Persian Period (Stratum V), edited by K.G. O’Connell S.J. and F.L. Horton Jr., 69-138. Winona Lake, IN: Eisenbrauns.
• Sezgin, Y. 2012. Arkaik Dönem Ionia Üretimi Ticari Amphoraları. Istanbul: Ege Yayınları.
• Sevin, V., and T. Özaydın. 2004. “Iron Age Levels”. In Mersin Yumuktepe a Reappraisal, edited by I. Caneva and V. Sevin, 85-101. Collana del Dipartimento (Università degli studi di Lecce. Dipartimento di beni culturali) 12. Lecce: Congedo.
• Sparkes, B., and L. Talcott. 1970. Black and Plain Pottery: of the 6th, 5th and 4th Centuries B.C. The Athenian Agora 12. Princeton, NJ: The American School of Classical Studies at Athens.
• Stern, E. 1978. Excavations at Tel-Mevorakh (1973-1976). Part One: From the Iron Age to the Roman Period. Quedem 9. Jerusalem: Institute of Archaeology, Hebrew University.
• Stucky, A.R. 1983. Ras Shamra. Leukos Limen. Die nach-ugaritische Besiedlung von Ras Shamra. Bibliothèque archéologique et historique 110. Mission archéologique de Ras Shamra 1. Paris: Paul Geuthner.
• Şahin, F. 2016a. “Tepebağ Höyük 2014-2015 Yılı Kazı Çalışmaları.” Kazı Sonuçları Toplantısı 37.2:191-208.
• Şahin, F. 2016b. “Kentsel Arkeoloji Örneği: Tepebağ Höyük.” In Sosyal ve Beşeri Bilimlere Küresel Yaklaşımlar, edited by C. Can and A. Kilimci, 26-39. Ankara: Detay Yayıncılık.
• Şahin, F. 2017a. “Adana/Tepebağ Höyük Kazısı 2015 Yılı Sonuçları.” Kazı Sonuçları Toplantısı 38.3:151-72.
• Şahin, F. 2017b. “A New Excavation in the Mediterranean: Adana’s Tepebağ Höyük/Akdeniz Bölgesi’nde Yeni Bir Kazı: Adana-Tepebağ Höyük.” Anmed 15:1-10.
• Şahin, F., and E. Alkaç. 2019. “Adana/Tepebağ Höyük Amphora Mühürleri.” Türkiye Bilimler Akademisi Dergisi 24:111-32.
• Ünlü, E. 2005. “Localy Produced and Painted Late Bronze to Iron Age Transitional Period Pottery of Tarsus-Gözlükule.” In Field Seasons 2001-2003 of the Tarsus-Gözlükule Interdisciplinary Research Project, edited by A. Özyar, 145-68. Istanbul: Ege Yayınları.
• Ünlü, E. 2017. “The Pottery of the Latest Iron IA Phase at Tell Tayinat, Amuq.” In Questions, Approaches, and Dialogues in Eastern Mediterranean Archaeology. Studies in Honor of Marie-Henriette and C. Gates, edited by E. Kozal, M. Akar, Y. Heffron, Ç. Çilingiroğlu, T.E. Şerifoğlu, C. Çakırlar, S. Ünlüsoy, and E. Jean, 601-16. Münster: Ugarit-Verlag.
• Zoroğlu, L. 1994. Kelenderis I. Kaynaklar, Kalıntılar, Buluntular. Ankara: Dönmez Ofset Basımevi.
• Zoroğlu, K.L. 2009. CVA, Türkiye Cumhuriyeti, Fasc. 1, Silifke Museum. Istanbul: Türk Eskiçağ Bilimleri Enstitüsü Yayınları.