Effects of Diatomaceous Earth on the Mortality and Progeny Production of Rhyzopertha dominica (Coleoptera: Bostrychidae)

Abstract

Laboratory experiments were conducted to assess the insecticidal effect of the diatomaceous earth (DE) formulation Insecto® against adult stage of Rhyzopertha dominica (F.) at two levels of relative humidity i.e. 40 and 55%, and three exposure periods of 7, 14, and 21 days. Test insects were placed in vials containing 40 g of soft winter wheat mixed with 0.25, 0.50, 1.00, 1.50 and 2.00 g kg-1 DE. After respective exposure periods, mortality in all dose rates except 0.25 and 0.50 g kg-1 was found to be significantly different from mortality in control. After each exposure interval, dead and live insects were counted and removed, and then the vial containing wheat was returned to corresponding humidity chamber for 8 weeks until F1 adults emerged. For F1 production, applications at all dose rates were significantly different from control group. Mortality regardless of dosage for 7, 14 and 21 days exposure intervals were between 27.67– 33.40 %. Despite the fact that mortality increased with the increasing dose rate, total mortality was not obtained even at the highest rate of DE. F1 production decreased with the increasing dose rates for both r.h. conditions. Containment of population was achieved at 1.50 g kg-1 of DE for 7 days of exposure period and at 2.00 g kg-1 of DE for 14 and 21 days of exposure periods. For each exposure intervals, F1 production of R. dominica decreased with the increasing dose rates of DE. Mortality regardless of exposure interval was 59% at 1.50 g kg-1 of DE and 75% at 2.00 g kg-1 of DE. 

Keywords

• Rhyzopertha dominica
• F1 adult production
• Mortality

Diyatom Toprağının Rhyzopertha dominica (Coleoptera: Bostrychidae)’nın Ölüm ve Yavru Verimi Üzerine Etkileri

Abstract

Bu araştırmada diyatom toprağı olarak Insecto®’nun Rhyzopertha dominica (F.)’nın ergin evresine öldürücü etkisi %40 ve %55 orantılı nem koşullarında 7, 14 ve 21 günlük üç farklı uygulama süresinde etkinliği belirlenmiştir. Ergin böcekler içerisinde 0.25, 0.50, 1.00, 1.50 ve 2.00 g kg-1 dozda Insecto® karıştırılmış 40 g yumuşak kışlık buğday bulunan kaplara bırakılmıştır. Üç farklı uygulama süresinde belirlenen ölümler (0.25 ve 0.50 g kg-1’daki hariç) kontrol grubunda belirlenen ölüm düzeyinden önemli düzeyde farklı bulunmuştur. Her bir uygulama süresi sonunda, ölü ve canlı böcekler sayılmış ve kaptan uzaklaştırılmış; ardından buğday tekrar kaba alınarak deneme süresince tutulduğu nem kabinine alınmış ve burada F1 erginleri çıkıncaya kadar 8 hafta tutulmuştur. F1 verimi uygulanan tüm dozlarda kontroldekinden önemli düzeyde farklı bulunmuştur. Doz dikkate alınmaksızın ölümler 7, 14 ve 21 günlük uygulamada %27.67– 33.40 arasında olmuştur. Ölümler artan doz oranı ile birlikte artmış olmasına rağmen, mutlak ölüm en yüksek dozda da gerçekleşmemiştir. F1 verimi her iki nem koşulunda da artan doz ile birlikte azalmıştır. Özet olarak, Insecto® uygulaması F1 veriminde düşüşe neden olmuş ve popülasyon 7 günlük uygulamada 1.50 g kg-1 ve 14 ve 21 günlük uygulamada ise 2.00 g kg-1 diyatom toprağı dozunda sabit düzeyde kalmıştır. Süre dikkate alınmaksızın ölümler 1.50 g kg-1 dozunda %59 ve 2.00 g kg-1 dozunda ise %75 düzeyinde gerçekleşmiştir.

Keywords

• Insecto®
• Rhyzopertha dominica
• F1 ergin üretimi
• Ölüm

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