MM106 Anacı Üzerine Aşılı Ara Anaç (M9) Uzunluğunun Bazı Elma Çeşitlerinde Yan Dal Oluşumu, Büyüme ve Verim Üzerine Etkileri

Abstract

Bu çalışmada 2003-2010 yılları arasında, MM106 anacı üzerinde 15 ve 30 cm uzunluğundaki M9 ara anacının Golden Delicious ve Granny Smith elma çeşitlerinde fidanın dallanması üzerine etkisi ile vegetatif büyüme ile toplam verim üzerine etkisi belirlenmiştir. Sonuçlar, ara anaç yüksekliğinin artması ile her iki çeşitte fidan ve ağaç gelişiminin önemli ölçüde azaldığını ancak yan dallanmanın arttığını göstermiştir. En uzun ağaç boyu Golden Delicious ve Granny Smith çeşitlerinin kontrol grubunda sırasıyla 176.5 - 186.5 cm olarak, en kısa ağaç boyu ise aynı çeşitlerde 30 cm’lik ara anaç yüksekliğinde sırasıyla 147.5 cm ve 162.6 cm olarak ölçülmüştür. Kontrolde yan dal oluşumu meydana gelmezken, yan dal sayısı 30 cm’lik ara anaç yüksekliğinde 3.67 (Golden Delicious) ve 5.33 (Granny Smith) bulunmuştur. En yüksek toplam verim, 30 cm’lik ara anaç yüksekliğinden 21.77 kg ağaç-1 (Golden Delicious) ve 19.18 kg ağaç-1 (Granny Smith) elde edilmiştir. Sonuçlar, bodur M9 ara anacının özellikle sürdürülebilir ve organik elma yetiştiriciliği sistemlerinde büyümeyi azaltıcı, dallanma ve erken meyveye yatmayı ise teşvik etme potansiyelinin bulunduğunu göstermektedir.

Keywords

• Bodur Ara anaç, Dallanma, Golden Delicious, Granny Smith, Ağaç büyüklüğü, Verim

Effects of Interstock (M9) Length Grafted onto MM106 Rootstock on Sylleptic Shoot Formation, Growth and Yield in Some Apple Cultivars

Abstract

In this study, branching effects of interstock lengths (15 and 30 cm) of M9 on MM106 rootstock were tested on Golden Delicious and Granny Smith cultivars. In addition, vegetative growth and cumulative yield were determined between 2003 and 2010. The results showed that increased interstock length significantly decreased sapling and tree growth but increased lateral branching in both cultivars. The tallest trees were in the control (176.5 and 186.5 cm) and the shortest trees were in the 30 cm interstock length (147.5 and 162.6 cm) in Golden Delicious and Granny Smith, respectively. The highest number of lateral shoot was obtained from 30 cm interstock length in Golden Delicious (3.67) and Granny Smith (5.33) while there was no lateral shoot formation in the control. The highest cumulative yield was obtained from 30 cm interstock length as 21.77 kg tree in Golden Delicious and 19.18 kg tree in Granny Smith. The results suggested that M9 as a interstock have the potential to induce growth reduction, branching and early fruit bearing especially in sustainable and organic fruit production systems in apple.

Keywords

• Dwarf interstock; Feathering; Golden Delicious; Granny Smith; Tree height; Yield

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