-

Abstract

The research was conducted to determine the effects of different soil moisture contents (I100: full irrigation-S1, I88: 88% of full irrigation-S2, I76: 76% of full irrigation- S3, I64: 64% of full irrigation-S4 and I52: 52% of full irrigation-wilting point-S5) and seed priming ((hidropriming, 30 and 60 ppm GA) on germination and seedling growing. The species of Soyer-2002 bread wheat and Çıldır-2002 barley was used as cultivars. Generally, effect on examined characteristics of GA3 were positived, and it was decreased to beginning germination periods, germination periods 50% and average germination periods, and increased to seedling height and germination index in both species. Research results in 30 ppm GA3 treatment were higher than 60 ppm GA3. While the highest results in wheat was determined in S2 and S3 moisture contents, the highest results in barley was obtained from S1 moisture content

Keywords

• Wheat; Barley; Germination; Priming; Soil moisture levels

Buğday ve Arpada Farklı Toprak Nem Düzeylerinde Bazı Ekim Öncesi Tohum Uygulamalarının Etkinliği

Öz

Araştırma beş farklı toprak nem düzeylerinde (tarla kapasitesi-% 100-S1, tarla kapasitesinin % 88’i-S2, % 76’sı-S3, % 64’ü-S4 ve % 52’si-solma noktası-S5) ekim öncesi tohum uygulamalarının (hidropriming, 30 ve 60 ppm GA3) çimlenme ve fide gelişimine etkilerinin belirlenmesi amacıyla yürütülmüştür. Çalışmada Soyer-2002 ekmeklik buğday ve Çıldır-2002 arpa çeşitleri kullanılmıştır. GA3 uygulamalarının etkisi genel olarak her iki cinste de ilk çimlenme süresini, yüzde elli çıkış süresini ve ortalama çıkış süresini azaltmış, çimlenme indeksini ve fide sap boyunu ise arttırmıştır. 30 ppm GA3 uygulamasında elde edilen ortalama değerler 60 ppm GA3 uygulamasına göre daha yüksek olmuştur. İncelenen parametreler bakımından buğdayda en iyi sonuçlar S2 ve S3 toprak nem düzeylerinde belirlenirken, arpada S1 nem düzeyinde bulunmuştur.

Anahtar Kelimeler: Buğday; Arpa; Çimlenme; Tohum uygulaması; Toprak nem düzeyleri

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Buğday; Arpa; Çimlenme; Tohum uygulaması; Toprak nem düzeyleri

References

1. Afzal I, Basra S M A & Iqbal A (2005). The effects of seed soaking with plant growth regulators on seedling vigor of wheat under salinity stress. Journal of Stres Physiology & Biochemistry 1(1): 6-14
2. AOSA 1983. Association of Official Seed Analysis (AOSA), Seed Vigor Testing Handbook. Contribution No: 32 to the handbook on Seed Testing
3. Atar B (2010). Bazı ekmeklik buğday (Tritucum aestivum L) çeşitlerinde tohuma ön işlem ve azot dozu uygulamalarının kış öncesi büyüme özellikleri ile tane verimi ve kalite özelliklerine etkileri. Doktora tezi, Süleyman Demirel Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü (Basılmamış), Isparta
4. Basra S M A, Afzal I, Rashid R A & Farooq M (2005). Pre-sowing seed treatments to improve germination and seedling growth in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). Caderno de Pesquisa Serie Biologia 17(1): 155-164
5. Coolbear P, Francis A & Grierson D (1984). The effect of low temperature pre-sowing treatment under the germination performance and membrane integrity of artificially aged tomato seeds. Journal of Experimental Botany 35: 1609-1617
6. Datta K S, Varma S K, Angrish R, Kumar B & Kumarı P (1997/98). Alleviation of salt stres by plant growth regulators in Triticum aestivum L. Biologıa Plantarum 40: 269-275
7. Ellis R H & Roberts E H (1981). The quantification of ageing and survival in orthodox seeds. Seed Science and Technology 9: 373-409
8. Farooq M (2005). Assessment of physiologıcal and biochemical aspects of pre-sowing seed treatments in transplanted and direct seeded rice. Faculty of Agriculture, Phd. Thesis, pp. 286, Faisalabad, Pakistan

9. Farooq M, Basra S M A, Rehman H & Saleem B A (2007). Seed priming enhances the performance of late sown wheat (Triticum aestivum L. ) by improving chilling tolerance. Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science 194 (1): 55-60
10. Farooq M, Basra S M A, Wahid A, Khaliq A & Kobayashi N (2009). Rice seed invigoration. In: E. Lichtfouse (ed.) Sustainable Agriulture Reviews. pp. 137-175, Springer. The Netherlands
11. Giri G S & Schillinger W F (2003). Seed priming winter wheat for germination, emergence, and yield. Crop Science Society of America 43: 2135-2141
12. Harris D, Breese W A & Kumar Rao J V D K (2005). The improvement of crop yield in marginal environments using ‘on-farm’ seed priming: nodulation, nitrogen fixation, and disease resistance. African Journal of Agricultural Research 56: 1211-1218
13. Harris D, Raghuwanshi B S, Gangwar J S, Sıng S C, Joshi K D, Rashid A & Hollington P A (2001). Participatory evaluation by farmers of on-farm seed priming in wheat in Indıa, Nepal and Pakistan. Experimental Agriculture 37: 403-415
14. Heydecker W & Coolbear P (1977). Seed treatment for improved performance. survey and attempted prornosis. Seed Science and Technology 5: 353-425
15. İdris M & Aslam M (1975). The effect of soaking and drying seeds before planting on the germination and growth of Triticum vulgare under normal and saline conditions. Canadian Journal of Botany 53(13): 1328-1332
16. Kaya G, Demir İ, Tekin A, Yaşar F & Demir K (2010). Priming uygulamasının biber tohumlarının stres sıcaklıklarında çimlenme, yağ asitleri, şeker kapsamı ve enzim aktivitesi üzerine etkisi. Tarım Bilimleri