Barley Leaf Stripe Disease in Algeria: Evaluation of Virulent Pyrenophora graminea Isolates and Identification of Resistant Algerian Barley Genotypes

Abstract

Nine isolates of Pyrenophora graminea, barley leaf stripe disease causal agent, collected from several regions in Algeria were evaluated under greenhouse conditions for their virulence to a collection of barley cultivars including three most cultivated Algerian varieties. Virulence levels were observed among the set of isolates and a mean disease rate ranging from 3.33% to 75.83% was found. Pathogenic variability of P. graminea and resistant gene effects in barley cultivars were revealed. Isolate OS was the most virulent among P. graminea isolates making it a suitable virulent isolate in future breeding programs. A set of 8 barley genotypes composed of common Algerian cultivars and local developed lines were tested for their reaction to P. graminea and yield response. Barley cultivar Minnesota 23 and line 18/17/7L2 were the most resistant of the collection with high grain number/ear and thousand grains weight even when diseased. These genotypes could be useful to integrate as candidate genitor plants into barley breeding programs to develop resistant cultivars to leaf stripe disease.

Keywords

• Barley stripe disease,Aggressiveness,Barley,Resistance,Breeding,Algeria

References

1. Aminnejad M, Babai-Ahari A, Javan-Nikkhah M & Saeid Hejazi M (2009). Molecular and pathogenic variation within iranian Pyrenophora graminea population; more polymorphism in IGS region. American-Eurasian Journal of Agricultural & Environmental Sciences 6: 697-704
2. Arabi M I E, MirAli N, Jawhar M & AlSafadi B (2001). The effects of barley seeds infected with Pyrenophora graminea on storage proteins (Hordeins) patterns. Plant Variety Seeds 14:113-117
3. Arabi M I E, MirAli N, Jawhar M & AlSafadi B (2002). Differentiation of Drechslera graminea isolates by cultural characteristics and SDS-PAGE. Short Communication. Journal of Plant Pathology 84(3): 153-156
4. Arabi M I E, Jawhar M, AlSafadi B & MirAli N (2004). Yield responses of barley to leaf stripe (Pyrenophora graminea) under experimental conditions in southern Syria. Journal of Phytopathology 152: 519-523
5. Arabi M I E & Jawhar M (2005). Barley reaction to Pyrenophora graminea based on the fungus movement. Short research notes. Australasian Plant Pathology 34: 405-407
6. Arabi M I E & Jawhar M (2012). Pathogenic groups identified among isolates of Pyrenophora graminea. Journal of Plant Biology Research 1(2): 93-100
7. Bayraktar H & Akan K (2012). Genetic characterization of Pyrenophora graminea isolates and the reaction of some barley cultivars to leaf stripe disease under greenhouse conditions. Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestery 36: 329-339
8. Benbelkacem A, Boulif M, Amir A & Ceccarelli S (2000). Variation in the pathogenicity of 20 Algerian isolates of Pyrenophora graminea Ito & Kur. on nine barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) varieties. Phytopathologia Mediterranea 39: 389-395

9. Benmohammed A (2004). La production de l'orge et possibilités de développement en Algérie. Céréaliculture 41: 34-38
10. Çetin L, Albustan S, Düsünceli F, Tosun H & Akar T (1995). Determination of resistance of barley breeding materials developed for Central Anatolia to barley leaf stripe (Pyrenophora graminea). In VII. Türkiye Fitopatoloji Kongresi, Adana, Turkey, pp.126
11. Delogu G, Porta-Puglia A C Vannacci G (1989). Resistance of winter barley varieties subjected to natural inoculums of Pyrenophora graminea. Journal of Genetics and Breeding 43:61-65.
12. Delogu G, Porta-Puglia A, Stanca A M & Vannacci G (1995). Interaction between barley and Pyrenophora graminea: an overview of research in Italy. Rachis 14: 29-34
13. Hammouda A M (1986). A modified technique for inoculation in leaf stripe of barley. Acta Phytopathologica et Entomologica Hungarica 21(3-4): 255-259
14. ONFAA (Observatoire National des filières Agricoles et Agroalimentaires) (2015). Bilan de la campagne céréalière 2014/2015. Ministère de l’Agriculture, du Développement Rural et de la Pêche de l’Algérie Janvier 2015: 7-8
15. Porta-Puglia A, Delogu G & Vannacci G (1986). Pyrenophora graminea on winter barley seed : effecte on disease incidence and yield losses. Phytopathology 117: 26-33
16. Rahal-Bouziane H (2015). L’orge en Algérie : passé, présent et importance pour la sécurité alimentaire, face aux nouveaux défis. Recherche Agronomique 27: 7-9
17. Sayoud R & Bendif N (1995). Barley leaf blights in Algeria. Rachis 14:61-63
18. Zadoks J C, Chang T T & Konzak C F (1974). A decimal code for the growth stage of cereals. Weed Research 14: 415-421
19. Zairi M, Bouchentouf S, Hadjam N, Benali M, Hamou M & Labdi M (2016). La qualité technologique de quelques lignées d’orge issue de la sélection participative en zones semi-arides. Revue Agriculture 1:162-173
20. Zriba W & Harrabi M (1995). Cultural and pathogenic variability in Pyrenophora graminea isolates. Rachis 14: 99