Abstract
Bu çalışmanın amacı, basınçlı hava ile çalışan bir otomatik ektstraktan sağlama yöntemi geliştirmek ve laboratuvar koşullarında test etmektir. Hazne içindeki ekstraktant yüzeyine basınçlı hava uygulanarak hazne basınçlandırılmıştır.Hava basıncını, bir elektriksel analog sinyal aracılığı ile 344.75, 555.1 ve 758.45 kPa basınçlarında düzenleme amacıyla elektro-pnömatik bir valf kullanılmıştır. Puls süresini kontrol etmek için Labview yazılım programı aracılığı ile denetlenebilen iki-pozisyonlu bir selenoid valf kullanılmıştır. Deneme desenindeki her bir uygulama için puls süresinde elde edilen ekstraktant kütlesi ölçülerek kaydedilmiştir. Her bir değişkenin puls süresi ve hava basıncı önemlilik derecesini belirlemek amacıyla varyans analizi ve ekstraktant miktarının tahmini için ise model geliştirmede doğrusal regresyon yapılmıştır. İstatistiksel analizler sonucunda, bütün uygulamalarda extraktan miktarı üzerine sistem hava basıncının etkili olmadığı, sadece puls süresinin etkili olduğu belirlenmiştir α= 0.05 . Ekstraktant miktarı tahmini için modelde sadece puls süresi kullanılmış ve tahmin sonuçları sabit sistem basınç ayarlarında oldukça iyi çıkmıştır R2 = 0.99 . Laboratuvar deneme sonuçları, istenilen miktarda ekstraktan sağlamada, basınçlı havanın oldukça etkili olduğunu ortaya koymuştur. Elektro-pnömatik ekstraktant sağlama yönteminin gerçek zamanlı nitrat analiz sistemleri için gerekli kısa sürelerde 100 ms’den daha az ve gerekli hassasiyette % 3’ten daha düşük değişkenliklerde ekstraktan sağlama ve iletme kabiliyetine sahip olduğu belirlenmiştir. Elektro-pnömatik metodun, değişken-düzeyli hassas ekstraktan sağlama yöntemi olarak uygulamada kullanılmaya aday bir yöntem olduğu sonucuna varılmıştır
Keywords
Gerçek-zamanlı toprak algılama Ekstraktant sağlama Elektro-pnömatik metot Tarımsal otomasyon
References
- Adsett J F & Zoerb G C (1991). Automated field monitoring of soil nitrate levels. In: Automated Agriculture for the st century, Paper No. 1191, ASAE, St. Joseph, MI pp. 326-335
- Adsett J F, Thottan J A & Sibley K J (1999). Development of an automatic on-the-go soil nitrate monitoring system. Applied Engineering in Agriculture 15(4): 351-356
- Birrell S J & Hummel J W (2001). Real-time multi ISFET/ FIA soil analysis system with automatic sample extraction. Computers and Electronics in Agriculture 32(1): 45-67
- Dalal R C & Henry R J (1986). Simultaneous determination of moisture, organic carbon, and total nitrogen by near infrared reflectance spectrophotometry. Soil Science Society of America Journal 50: 120-123
- McGrath D & Skotnikov A (1996). Automated workstation for soil analysis. Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis 27(5-8): 1795-1812
- Upadhyaya S K, Shafii S & Slaughter D (1994). Sensing soil nitrogen for site specific crop management (SSCM). Paper No. 1055, ASAE, St. Joseph, MI
- Yildirim S, Birrell S J & Hummel J W (2006). Laboratory evaluation of an electro-pneumatic sampling method for real-time soil sensing. Transactions of the ASABE 49(4): 845-850
Abstract
The objective of this study was to develop and test an automated extractant providing method utilizing pressurized air in a laboratory setting. Pressurized air was applied to extractant holder filled with extractant. An electro-pneumatic regulator valve was used to regulate the air pressure at 344.75, 551.6, and 758.45 kPa using an analog electrical signal. A two-position solenoid valve that was controlled via Labview software according to pre-specified time interval was used to provide a high pressure pulse at known durations to the extractant column inside the holder. The mass of extractant transported to the mixing unit during a single air pulse was measured and recorded for all treatments in the experimental design. Analysis of variance was performed to determine significance of each variable, namely pulse duration and air pressure. Step wise linear regression analysis was used to develop calibration models for the prediction of extractant mass. The only significant factor was pulse duration while pressure was insignificant α= 0.05 on extractant mass for all treatments. Pulse duration was used to find a model to predict extractant mass, and provided a very good prediction R2= 0.99 at fixed pressure setting. Laboratory test results proved that pressurized air was effective in obtaining known quantity of extractant. The electro-pneumatic method was capable of obtaining and transporting a precise amount of extractant needed for on-the-go soil nitrate analysis within a short time less than 100 ms with a coefficient of variation of less than 3%. It was concluded that the electro-pneumatic method was a viable candidate to be a precise variable extractant supply method for on-the-go soil analysis system
Keywords
Real-time soil analysis Extractant provider Electro-pneumatic method Agricultural automation
References
- Adsett J F & Zoerb G C (1991). Automated field monitoring of soil nitrate levels. In: Automated Agriculture for the st century, Paper No. 1191, ASAE, St. Joseph, MI pp. 326-335
- Adsett J F, Thottan J A & Sibley K J (1999). Development of an automatic on-the-go soil nitrate monitoring system. Applied Engineering in Agriculture 15(4): 351-356
- Birrell S J & Hummel J W (2001). Real-time multi ISFET/ FIA soil analysis system with automatic sample extraction. Computers and Electronics in Agriculture 32(1): 45-67
- Dalal R C & Henry R J (1986). Simultaneous determination of moisture, organic carbon, and total nitrogen by near infrared reflectance spectrophotometry. Soil Science Society of America Journal 50: 120-123
- McGrath D & Skotnikov A (1996). Automated workstation for soil analysis. Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis 27(5-8): 1795-1812
- Upadhyaya S K, Shafii S & Slaughter D (1994). Sensing soil nitrogen for site specific crop management (SSCM). Paper No. 1055, ASAE, St. Joseph, MI
- Yildirim S, Birrell S J & Hummel J W (2006). Laboratory evaluation of an electro-pneumatic sampling method for real-time soil sensing. Transactions of the ASABE 49(4): 845-850
Details
| Primary Language | English |
|---|---|
| Journal Section | Research Article |
| Authors | |
| Publication Date | May 1, 2016 |
| Submission Date | January 1, 2016 |
| Published in Issue | Year 2016 Volume: 22 Issue: 3 |
Journal of Agricultural Sciences is published open access journal. All articles are published under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY).