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Direkt Enjeksiyonlu Bir Dizel Motorunda Stabilize Emülsife Yakıt Kullanımının Etkilerinin İncelenmesi

Year 2017, Volume: 5 Issue: 3, 41 - 48, 01.10.2017
https://doi.org/10.21541/apjes.325971

Abstract

Buji ateşlemeli motorlara göre daha
yüksek sıkıştırma oranlarında çalıştırılabilen dizel motorlarının termik verimleri
oldukça yüksektir. Aynı zamanda çok daha fakir karışım ile çalıştıklarından
özgül yakıt sarfiyatları ve kısmi eksik yanma ürünü olan CO ve HC emisyonları
da çok düşük seviyededir. Ancak bu parametreler yukarıda sayılan üstünlüklerin
sağlamasının yanında NOx emisyonlarının oluşumunu olumsuz yönde etkilediğinden
dizel motorlar için en büyük problem NOx emisyonlarının yüksek olmasıdır
ve  bu emsiyonların azaltılması için
silindir içi sıcaklığın düşürülmesi gerekmektedir. NOx emisyonlarının kontrolü
için günümüze kadar birçok yöntem kullanılmıştır. Ancak, kontrol için kullanılan
yöntemlerin birçoğu motor performansını olumsuz etkilemekte veya taşıt
maliyetlerini aşırı derecede yükseltmektedir. Bu günlerde stabilize emülsife
yakıt kullanımı NOx emisyonlarının azaltılmasında kullanılan etkili
yöntemlerden biridir. Bu çalışmada direkt enjeksiyonlu bir dizel motorunda
farklı oranlarda stabilize emülsife yakıt kullanımının motor performans,
emisyon parametrelerine etkileri deneysel olarak, adyabatik alev sıcaklığına etkisi
ise teorik olarak incelenmiştir. Çalışma sonucunda, emülsife yakıt kullanımı
durumunda motor momenti ve efektif gücünde çok az bir azalma olmasına karşın
özgül yakıt sarfiyatı ve efektif verimde kayda değer iyileşmeler meydana
gelmiştir. Emülsife yakıt kullanımında adyabatik alev sıcaklığının düşmesine
bağlı olarak, dizel motorları için büyük problem olan NOx emisyonlarında
dikkate değer oranlarda azalmalar meydana geldiği tespit edilmiştir. 

References

  • [1] V.Ayhan, “Bir dizel motoruna buhar enjeksiyonunun NOx ve is emisyonlarına etkisinin araştırılması”, Doktora tezi, Sakarya Üniversitesi, Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Makine Eğitimi, Sakarya, 2009.
  • [2] V. Ayhan, “Direkt enjeksiyonlu bir dizel motoruna buhar ve farklı yöntemlerle su gönderiminin performans ve NOx emisyonlarına etkilerinin incelenmesi,”, SAÜ Fen Bil Der 20. Cilt, 3. Sayı, s. 463-471, 2016.
  • [3] V. Ayhan, “Effects of emulsified fuel on the performance and emission of direct injection diesel engine,”, Journal of Energy Engineering, vol.139, pp. 91-98, 2013.
  • [4] A. Lif, and K. Holmberg, “Water-in-diesel emulsions and related sytems.” Advanced Colloid Interface Science, pp. 231–239, 2006.
  • [5] O. Armas, R. Ballesteros, F. J. Martos, and J. R. Agudelo, “Characterization of light duty diesel engine pollutant emissions using water-emulsified fuel,” Fuel, vol.84, pp. 1011–1018, 2005.
  • [6] C. A. Canfield, “Effects of diesel-water emulsion combustion on diesel engine NOx emissions,” M.Sc. thesis, Universty of Florida, Gainesville, FL. 1999.
  • [7] R. J. Crookes, M. A. A. Nazha, and F. Kiannajad, “A comparison of ignition and emissions characteristics for alternative diesel fuels and emulsions,” International Mechenical Engineering Seminar Puplication, pp. 47–52, 1990.
  • [8] C. Y. Lin, and K. H. Wang, “Effects of diesel engine speed and water content on emissions characteristics of three-phase emulsions.” Journal of Environment Science Health, vol. 39, no.5, pp. 1345–1359, 2004.
  • [9] N. Samec, R.W. Dibble, J. Y. Chen, and A. Pagon, “Reduction of NOx and soot emission by water injection during combustion in a diesel engine,” FISITA, June 12–15. 2000, Seoul 2000, Korea.
  • [10] J. P. Mello, and A. M. Mellor, “NOx emissions from direct injection diesel engines with water/steam dilution,” SAE Technical Paper, 1999-01-0836, 1999.
  • [11] F. L. Dryer, “Water addition to practical combustion systems concepts and applications.” 16th International Syposium on Combustion, The Combustion Institute, pp. 321–336, Cambridge MA, Aug. 1976.
  • [12] M. Y. E. Selim, and S. M. S. Elfeky, “Effects of diesel/water emulsion on heat flow and thermal loading in a pre-combustion chamber diesel engine,” Applied Thermal Engineering., vol. 21, no.15, pp. 1565–1582, 2001.
  • [13] G. B. O’Neal, J. O. Storment and R. W. Waytulonis, “Control of diesel exhausts emissions in underground coal mines.” SAE SP-495, Diesel Combustion and Emission Part 3, Int. Off-Highway Meeting and Exposition, Milwaukee, WI, pp. 13–23, 1981.
  • [14] G. Greeves, I. M. Khan, and G. Onion, “Effects of water introduction on diesel engine combustion and emissions,” in Proceedings of the 16th Annual Symposium (Internaional) on Combustion (Williams and Wilkins Co., Baltimore), pp. 321–336, 1976.
  • [15] Y. Yoshimoto, M. Tsukarhara, and T. Muryama, “Studies on the microexplosion of emulsified fuels,” Nippon Kikai Gakkai Ronbunshun B Hen, vol. 519, no.55, pp. 3538–3543, 1989.
  • [16] M. AbuZaid, “Performance of single cylinder, DI diesel engine using water fuel emulsions,”, Energy Conversion and Management, vol. 45, pp, 697-705, 2004.
  • [17] C.H. Wang, J.T. Chen, “An experimentaliınvestigation of the burning characteristics of water-oil emulsions”, International Common Heat Mass Transfer, vol.23, no.6, pp., 823-34, 1996.

Investigation of the Effects of Using Stabilized Emulsified Fuel in a Direct Injection Diesel Engine

Year 2017, Volume: 5 Issue: 3, 41 - 48, 01.10.2017
https://doi.org/10.21541/apjes.325971

Abstract

Compared to
spark ignition engines, the thermal efficiency of diesel engines, which can be
operated at higher compression ratios, is quite high. At the same time, since
they work with much poorer mixture, specific fuel consumption and CO and HC
emissions, which are partial incomplete combustion products, are also very low.
However, since these parameters besides providing, the above-mentioned
advantages affect the formation of NOx emissions negatively and the biggest
problem for diesel engines is the high NOx emissions. In order to reduce NOx
emissions, in cylinder temperature must be reduced. Many methods have been used
to reduce NOx emissions so far. However, many of the methods used to reduce NOx
emissions adversely affect engine performance or increase vehicle costs to an
extreme extent. Nowadays, the use of stabilized emulsified fuel is one of the
effective methods for reducing NOx emissions. In this study, the effects of
stabilized emulsified fuel use at the different rationson a direct injection
diesel engine performance, emission parameters were investigated experimentally
and on adiabatic flame temperature was investigated the theoretically. As a
result of study, despite the slight decrease in engine torque and effective
power in the case of the use of emulsified fuel, in specific fuel consumption
and effective efficiency significant improvements have occurred. It has been
found that, depending on the decrease in adiabatic flame temperature in the use
of emulsified fuel, NOx emission, which is a major problem for diesel engines,
were decreased considerably.

References

  • [1] V.Ayhan, “Bir dizel motoruna buhar enjeksiyonunun NOx ve is emisyonlarına etkisinin araştırılması”, Doktora tezi, Sakarya Üniversitesi, Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Makine Eğitimi, Sakarya, 2009.
  • [2] V. Ayhan, “Direkt enjeksiyonlu bir dizel motoruna buhar ve farklı yöntemlerle su gönderiminin performans ve NOx emisyonlarına etkilerinin incelenmesi,”, SAÜ Fen Bil Der 20. Cilt, 3. Sayı, s. 463-471, 2016.
  • [3] V. Ayhan, “Effects of emulsified fuel on the performance and emission of direct injection diesel engine,”, Journal of Energy Engineering, vol.139, pp. 91-98, 2013.
  • [4] A. Lif, and K. Holmberg, “Water-in-diesel emulsions and related sytems.” Advanced Colloid Interface Science, pp. 231–239, 2006.
  • [5] O. Armas, R. Ballesteros, F. J. Martos, and J. R. Agudelo, “Characterization of light duty diesel engine pollutant emissions using water-emulsified fuel,” Fuel, vol.84, pp. 1011–1018, 2005.
  • [6] C. A. Canfield, “Effects of diesel-water emulsion combustion on diesel engine NOx emissions,” M.Sc. thesis, Universty of Florida, Gainesville, FL. 1999.
  • [7] R. J. Crookes, M. A. A. Nazha, and F. Kiannajad, “A comparison of ignition and emissions characteristics for alternative diesel fuels and emulsions,” International Mechenical Engineering Seminar Puplication, pp. 47–52, 1990.
  • [8] C. Y. Lin, and K. H. Wang, “Effects of diesel engine speed and water content on emissions characteristics of three-phase emulsions.” Journal of Environment Science Health, vol. 39, no.5, pp. 1345–1359, 2004.
  • [9] N. Samec, R.W. Dibble, J. Y. Chen, and A. Pagon, “Reduction of NOx and soot emission by water injection during combustion in a diesel engine,” FISITA, June 12–15. 2000, Seoul 2000, Korea.
  • [10] J. P. Mello, and A. M. Mellor, “NOx emissions from direct injection diesel engines with water/steam dilution,” SAE Technical Paper, 1999-01-0836, 1999.
  • [11] F. L. Dryer, “Water addition to practical combustion systems concepts and applications.” 16th International Syposium on Combustion, The Combustion Institute, pp. 321–336, Cambridge MA, Aug. 1976.
  • [12] M. Y. E. Selim, and S. M. S. Elfeky, “Effects of diesel/water emulsion on heat flow and thermal loading in a pre-combustion chamber diesel engine,” Applied Thermal Engineering., vol. 21, no.15, pp. 1565–1582, 2001.
  • [13] G. B. O’Neal, J. O. Storment and R. W. Waytulonis, “Control of diesel exhausts emissions in underground coal mines.” SAE SP-495, Diesel Combustion and Emission Part 3, Int. Off-Highway Meeting and Exposition, Milwaukee, WI, pp. 13–23, 1981.
  • [14] G. Greeves, I. M. Khan, and G. Onion, “Effects of water introduction on diesel engine combustion and emissions,” in Proceedings of the 16th Annual Symposium (Internaional) on Combustion (Williams and Wilkins Co., Baltimore), pp. 321–336, 1976.
  • [15] Y. Yoshimoto, M. Tsukarhara, and T. Muryama, “Studies on the microexplosion of emulsified fuels,” Nippon Kikai Gakkai Ronbunshun B Hen, vol. 519, no.55, pp. 3538–3543, 1989.
  • [16] M. AbuZaid, “Performance of single cylinder, DI diesel engine using water fuel emulsions,”, Energy Conversion and Management, vol. 45, pp, 697-705, 2004.
  • [17] C.H. Wang, J.T. Chen, “An experimentaliınvestigation of the burning characteristics of water-oil emulsions”, International Common Heat Mass Transfer, vol.23, no.6, pp., 823-34, 1996.
There are 17 citations in total.

Details

Subjects Engineering
Journal Section Articles
Authors

Vezir Ayhan

Serdar Tunca This is me

Yusuf Çay

İdris Cesur This is me

Publication Date October 1, 2017
Submission Date July 4, 2017
Published in Issue Year 2017 Volume: 5 Issue: 3

Cite

IEEE V. Ayhan, S. Tunca, Y. Çay, and İ. Cesur, “Investigation of the Effects of Using Stabilized Emulsified Fuel in a Direct Injection Diesel Engine”, APJES, vol. 5, no. 3, pp. 41–48, 2017, doi: 10.21541/apjes.325971.