The study of food and feeding biology is extremely crucial in fishery. Pachypterus atherinoides (Bloch, 1794) is a good food and ornamental catfish in the world. The present study aims to examine the seasonal variation of feeding habits of P. atherinoides in both lentic and lotic ecosystems. The study was conducted over two years in selected lentic and lotic aquatic ecosystems of the Jhargram and Paschim Medinipur districts of West Bengal, India. The study reveals that P. atherinoides shows carni-omnivorous nature. Pearson’s correlation represents gastro-somatic index, relative gut length, and hepato-somatic index have significant positive correlation among them. Based on posthoc tests, it has been observed that the gastro-somatic index, relative gut length, and hepato-somatic index vary significantly both seasonally and in both lentic and lotic ecosystems. This study would help aquaculturists in the culture, captive breeding, and conservation of P. atherinoides and also help researchers in the biometric study of another fish.
Ethical clearance from IAEC, Approval no. 18/IAEC (05)/RNLKWC/2019, dated-27/07/2019
Project Number
Major research Project [35(Sanc.)/ST/P/S&T/17G-13/2018], Department of Science & Technology and Biotechnology, Government of West Bengal, India.
References
Alam, A., Gopinath, V., Jha, D. N., Joshi, K. D., Kumar, J., Das, S. C. S. & Das, B. K. (2020). Food and Feeding Biology of Commercially Important Freshwater Eel, Mastacembelus armatus (LACEPEDE, 1800) from the Ganga River, India. Oceanography & Fisheries, 11(4), 0069-0073. http://dx.doi.org/10.19080/OFOAJ.2020.11.555819 google scholar
Al-Hussain, A.H. (1949). On the functional morphology of alimentary tract of some fishes in relation to differences in their feeding habits; anatomy and histology. Qualitative Journal of Microscopic Science, 90, 109-139. google scholar
Victor Raj, M., Sivakumar, R., & Mathialagan, R. (2014). Food and feeding habit and length-weight relationship of the Asian striped catfish Mystus vittatus (Bloch, 1794) (Siluriformes: Bagridae) in the Vadavar River, Lower Anicut, Tamil Nadu. Indian Journal of Science, 8(20), 5564. google scholar
Begum, M., Alam, M. J., Islam, M. A., & Pal, H. K. (2008). On the food and feeding habit of an estuarine catfish (Mystus gulio Hamilton) in the south-west coast of Bangladesh. University journal of zoology, Rajshahi University, 27, 91-94. google scholar
Chanda, A. & Jana, A. (2021). A comparative review on freshwater fish fauna between West Bengal and Odisha, two middle-east Indian states. Journal of Fisheries, 9(3), 93302-93302. google scholar
Chattopadhyay, S., Nandi, S., & Saikia, S. K. (2014). Mouth morphometry and architecture of freshwater cat fish Mystus vittatus Bloch (1974) (Siluriformes, Bagridae) in relation to its feeding habit. Journal of Scientific Research, 6(1), 169-174. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jsr. v6i1.16369 google scholar
Chaturvedi, J., & Saksena, D. N. (2013). Diet composition, feeding intensity, gastrosomatic index and hepatosomatic index of a catfish, Mystus cavasius from Chambal river (near, Rajghat) Morena, Madhya Pradesh. International Journal of Recent Scientific Research, 4, 1350-6. google scholar
Dasgupta, M. (2004). Relative length of the gut of some freshwater fishes of West Bengal in relation to food and feeding habits. Indian Journal of Fisheries, 51, 381-384. google scholar
Desai, V. R. (1970). Studies on the fishery and biology of Tor tor (Hamilton, 1822) from river Narmada. Journal of Inland Fishery Society in India, 2(5), 101-112. google scholar
Dinh, M. Q., Tran, T. L., & Nguyen, T. K. T. (2018). The relative gut length and gastro-somatic indices of the mudskipper Periophthalmodon septemradiatus (Hamilton, 1822) from the Hau River. VNU Journal of Science: Natural Sciences and Technology, 34(3), 75-83. https://doi. org/10.25073/2588-1140/vnunst.4775 google scholar
Gogoi, B., Das, D. N., & Saikia, S. K. (2020). Feeding Ecology of Pachypterus atherinoides (Actinopterygii; Siluriformes; Schilbeidae): A Small Freshwater Fish from Floodplain Wetlands of Northeast India. Croatian Journal of Fisheries: Ribarstvo, 78(3), 105-120. https:// doi.org/10.2478/cjf-2020-0011 google scholar
Gopalan, C., Rama Sastry, B.V. & Bala Subramanian, S.C. (2004). Nutritive value of Indian foods, National Institute of Nutrition, ICMR, Hyderabad, 45-67. google scholar
Gosavi, S. M., Tapkir, S. D., Kumkar, P., & Kharat, S. S. (2020). The reproductive biology of Pachypterus khavalchor (Kulkarni, 1952) in the Panchaganga River of the Western Ghats, a biodiversity hotspot in India. Asian Fisheries Science, 33, 79-90. https://doi.org/10.33997/j. afs.2020.33.2.001 google scholar
Gupta, S., & Banerjee, S. (2014). Food and feeding habit of a freshwater catfish, Mystus tengara (Siluriformes: Bagridae). Journal of Ichthyology, 54(9), 742-748. https://doi.org/10.1134/S0032945214060071 google scholar
Gupta, S. (2015). An Overview on Feeding and Breeding Biology of Mystus tengara, A Freshwater Catfish of Indian Subcontinent. World, 7(3), 195-197. https://doi.org/10.5829/idosi. wjfms.2015.7.3.94217 google scholar
Hynes, H. B. N. (1950). The food of fresh-water sticklebacks (Gasterosteus aculeatus and Pygosteus pungitius), with a review of methods used in studies of the food of fishes. The journal of animal ecology, 19(1), F36-58. https://doi.org/10.2307/1570 google scholar
Jan, M., & Jan, N. (2017). Studies on the fecundity (F), gonadosomatic index (GSI) and hepatosomatic index (HSI) of Salmo trutta fario (Brown trout) at Kokernag trout fish farm, Anantnag, Jammu and Kashmir. International Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Studies, 5(6), 170-173. google scholar
Jana, A., Sit, G., & Chanda, A. (2021). Ichthyofaunal diversity of River Kapaleswari at Paschim Medinipur district of West Bengal, India. Flora and Fauna, 27(1), 113-124. https://doi.org/10.33451/florafauna. v27i1pp113-124 google scholar
Jana, A., Sit, G., Das, P., Chanda, A. & Sahu, S. K. (2022A). Seasonal Length-Weight Relationships and Condition Factors of Mystus tengara (Hamilton, 1822) in Two Habitats. Aquatic Sciences and Engineering, 37(4), 205-211. https://doi.org/10.26650/ASE202221159748 google scholar
Jana, A., Sit, G., Chanda, A., Nayak, S. & Sahu, S. K. (2022B). Seasonal length-weight relationships and condition factors of Pachypterus atherinoides (Bloch, 1794) in two habitats. Ecology, Environment and Conservation; 28, S515-S521. http://doi.org/10.53550/EEC.2022. v28i06s.0083 google scholar
Koundal, S., Dhanze, R., Koundal, A., & Sharma, I. (2013). Relative gut length and gastro-somatic index of six hill stream fishes, Himachal Pradesh, India. Journal of Environment and Biosciences, 27(1), 11-18. google scholar
Kurbah, B. M., & Bhuyan, R. N. (2018). Analysis of feeding behaviour and gastro-somatic index (GaSI) during different phases of breeding cycle of Monopterus cuchia (Hamilton, 1822) from Meghalaya, India. Journal of Applied and Natural Science, 10(4), 1187-1191. https://doi.org/10.31018/jans.v10i4.1907 google scholar
Lanthaimeilu, K., & Bhattacharjee, P. (2018). Relative gut length and gastro-somatic index of Pethia conchonius (Hamilton, 1822) and Trichogaster fasciata Bloch & Schneider 1801, Tripura. Journal of Entomology and Zoology Studies, 6(2), 2403-2407. google scholar
Menon, A.G.K. (1999). Check list - fresh water fishes of India. Record in Zoological Survey of India, Miscellaneous Publication, Occasional Paper No. 175. google scholar
Mitu, N. R. (2017). Reproductive biology of the female Asian striped dwarf catfish Mystus tengara (Hamilton, 1822) (Siluriformes: Bagridae) in the Ganges River of Rajshahi, northwestern Bangladesh. Turkish Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, 17(3), 589-598. https://doi. org/10.4194/1303-2712-v17_3_15 google scholar
Mojumder, N., Saha, D., Utsa, S. S., Maruf, K. K., & Paul, S. K. (2020). Biology of the endangered queen loach (Botia dario) collected from wild sources in Bangladesh. Aquaculture, Aquarium, Conservation & Legislation, 13(5), 2599-2609. google scholar
Nagar, K. C., & Sharma, M. S. (2016). Food and feeding habit of two hill stream fishes ie Rasbora daniconius and Noemachielus botia in selected stream of Southern Rajasthan, India. Research journal of Animal Veterinary and Fishery Science, 4(6), 7-14. google scholar
Rajaguru, A. (1992). Biology of two co-occurring tonguefishes, Cynoglossus arel and C. lida (Pleuronectiformes: Cynoglossidae), from Indian waters. Fishery Bulletin, 90(2), 328-367. google scholar
Sahil, Mogalekar, H.S., Chandran, S., Nayak, .S.K., Kumar, S. & Singh, S.K. (2023). Length-weight relationship and condition factor of selected small Cyprinid fishes from river Burhi Gandak in North Bihar, India. Journal of the Inland Fisheries Society of India, 54(1), 27-32. https:// epubs.icar.org.in/index.php/JIFSI/article/view/132388 google scholar
Sharma, A. K., Malik, D. S., & Bargali, H. (2018). Food and Feeding Habits of Schizothorox Richardsonii (Gray, 1832) Inhibiting Bhagirathi River, Tehri Garhwal, India. International Journal of Recent Scientific Research, 9(4), 25562-2556. https://doi.org/10.24327/IJRSR google scholar
Sit, G., Jana, A. & Chanda, A. (2020). Diversity of small indigenous freshwater ornamental fish under genus Puntius from Purba Medinipur, Paschim Medinipur and Jhargram districts of West Bengal, India. Advances in Zoology and Botany, 8(4), 334-341. https://doi.org/10.13189/azb.2020.080405 google scholar
Sit, G., Jana, A., Das, P., Chanda, A. & Sahu, S. K. (2022A). Induced breeding and embryonic development of indigenous ornamental fish Puntius terio (Hamilton, 1822). Indian Hydrobiology, 21(2), 43-51. google scholar
Sit, G., Jana, A., Chanda, A. & Sahu, S. K. (2022B). Record of zipper loach Paracanthocobitis botia (Hamilton 1822), an ornamental fish from Paschim Medinipur, West Bengal, India. Journal of Fisheries, 10(3), 103401-103401. https://doi.org/10.17017/j.fish.355 google scholar
Sit, G., Jana, A., Chanda, A. & Sahu, S. K. (2023A). Dose Selection for Induced Breeding and Larval Development of Indigenous Ornamental Fish Puntius chola (Hamilton, 1822). Aquatic Sciences and Engineering, 38(1), 62-67. https://doi.org/10.26650/ASE20221177106 google scholar
Sit, G., Jana, A., Chanda, A. & Sahu, S. K. (2023B). Record of zipper loach Paracanthocobitis mackenziei (Chaudhuri, 1910), an indigenous ornamental fish from West Bengal, India. Journal of Fisheries, 11(2), 112402-112402. https://doi.org/10.17017/j.fish.477 google scholar
Srivastava, S. C., Verma, P., Verma, A. K., & Singh, A. K. (2014). Assessment for possible metal contamination and human health risk of Pangasianodon hypophthalmus (Sauvage, 1878) farming, India. International Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Studies, 1, 176181. google scholar
Major research Project [35(Sanc.)/ST/P/S&T/17G-13/2018], Department of Science & Technology and Biotechnology, Government of West Bengal, India.
References
Alam, A., Gopinath, V., Jha, D. N., Joshi, K. D., Kumar, J., Das, S. C. S. & Das, B. K. (2020). Food and Feeding Biology of Commercially Important Freshwater Eel, Mastacembelus armatus (LACEPEDE, 1800) from the Ganga River, India. Oceanography & Fisheries, 11(4), 0069-0073. http://dx.doi.org/10.19080/OFOAJ.2020.11.555819 google scholar
Al-Hussain, A.H. (1949). On the functional morphology of alimentary tract of some fishes in relation to differences in their feeding habits; anatomy and histology. Qualitative Journal of Microscopic Science, 90, 109-139. google scholar
Victor Raj, M., Sivakumar, R., & Mathialagan, R. (2014). Food and feeding habit and length-weight relationship of the Asian striped catfish Mystus vittatus (Bloch, 1794) (Siluriformes: Bagridae) in the Vadavar River, Lower Anicut, Tamil Nadu. Indian Journal of Science, 8(20), 5564. google scholar
Begum, M., Alam, M. J., Islam, M. A., & Pal, H. K. (2008). On the food and feeding habit of an estuarine catfish (Mystus gulio Hamilton) in the south-west coast of Bangladesh. University journal of zoology, Rajshahi University, 27, 91-94. google scholar
Chanda, A. & Jana, A. (2021). A comparative review on freshwater fish fauna between West Bengal and Odisha, two middle-east Indian states. Journal of Fisheries, 9(3), 93302-93302. google scholar
Chattopadhyay, S., Nandi, S., & Saikia, S. K. (2014). Mouth morphometry and architecture of freshwater cat fish Mystus vittatus Bloch (1974) (Siluriformes, Bagridae) in relation to its feeding habit. Journal of Scientific Research, 6(1), 169-174. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jsr. v6i1.16369 google scholar
Chaturvedi, J., & Saksena, D. N. (2013). Diet composition, feeding intensity, gastrosomatic index and hepatosomatic index of a catfish, Mystus cavasius from Chambal river (near, Rajghat) Morena, Madhya Pradesh. International Journal of Recent Scientific Research, 4, 1350-6. google scholar
Dasgupta, M. (2004). Relative length of the gut of some freshwater fishes of West Bengal in relation to food and feeding habits. Indian Journal of Fisheries, 51, 381-384. google scholar
Desai, V. R. (1970). Studies on the fishery and biology of Tor tor (Hamilton, 1822) from river Narmada. Journal of Inland Fishery Society in India, 2(5), 101-112. google scholar
Dinh, M. Q., Tran, T. L., & Nguyen, T. K. T. (2018). The relative gut length and gastro-somatic indices of the mudskipper Periophthalmodon septemradiatus (Hamilton, 1822) from the Hau River. VNU Journal of Science: Natural Sciences and Technology, 34(3), 75-83. https://doi. org/10.25073/2588-1140/vnunst.4775 google scholar
Gogoi, B., Das, D. N., & Saikia, S. K. (2020). Feeding Ecology of Pachypterus atherinoides (Actinopterygii; Siluriformes; Schilbeidae): A Small Freshwater Fish from Floodplain Wetlands of Northeast India. Croatian Journal of Fisheries: Ribarstvo, 78(3), 105-120. https:// doi.org/10.2478/cjf-2020-0011 google scholar
Gopalan, C., Rama Sastry, B.V. & Bala Subramanian, S.C. (2004). Nutritive value of Indian foods, National Institute of Nutrition, ICMR, Hyderabad, 45-67. google scholar
Gosavi, S. M., Tapkir, S. D., Kumkar, P., & Kharat, S. S. (2020). The reproductive biology of Pachypterus khavalchor (Kulkarni, 1952) in the Panchaganga River of the Western Ghats, a biodiversity hotspot in India. Asian Fisheries Science, 33, 79-90. https://doi.org/10.33997/j. afs.2020.33.2.001 google scholar
Gupta, S., & Banerjee, S. (2014). Food and feeding habit of a freshwater catfish, Mystus tengara (Siluriformes: Bagridae). Journal of Ichthyology, 54(9), 742-748. https://doi.org/10.1134/S0032945214060071 google scholar
Gupta, S. (2015). An Overview on Feeding and Breeding Biology of Mystus tengara, A Freshwater Catfish of Indian Subcontinent. World, 7(3), 195-197. https://doi.org/10.5829/idosi. wjfms.2015.7.3.94217 google scholar
Hynes, H. B. N. (1950). The food of fresh-water sticklebacks (Gasterosteus aculeatus and Pygosteus pungitius), with a review of methods used in studies of the food of fishes. The journal of animal ecology, 19(1), F36-58. https://doi.org/10.2307/1570 google scholar
Jan, M., & Jan, N. (2017). Studies on the fecundity (F), gonadosomatic index (GSI) and hepatosomatic index (HSI) of Salmo trutta fario (Brown trout) at Kokernag trout fish farm, Anantnag, Jammu and Kashmir. International Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Studies, 5(6), 170-173. google scholar
Jana, A., Sit, G., & Chanda, A. (2021). Ichthyofaunal diversity of River Kapaleswari at Paschim Medinipur district of West Bengal, India. Flora and Fauna, 27(1), 113-124. https://doi.org/10.33451/florafauna. v27i1pp113-124 google scholar
Jana, A., Sit, G., Das, P., Chanda, A. & Sahu, S. K. (2022A). Seasonal Length-Weight Relationships and Condition Factors of Mystus tengara (Hamilton, 1822) in Two Habitats. Aquatic Sciences and Engineering, 37(4), 205-211. https://doi.org/10.26650/ASE202221159748 google scholar
Jana, A., Sit, G., Chanda, A., Nayak, S. & Sahu, S. K. (2022B). Seasonal length-weight relationships and condition factors of Pachypterus atherinoides (Bloch, 1794) in two habitats. Ecology, Environment and Conservation; 28, S515-S521. http://doi.org/10.53550/EEC.2022. v28i06s.0083 google scholar
Koundal, S., Dhanze, R., Koundal, A., & Sharma, I. (2013). Relative gut length and gastro-somatic index of six hill stream fishes, Himachal Pradesh, India. Journal of Environment and Biosciences, 27(1), 11-18. google scholar
Kurbah, B. M., & Bhuyan, R. N. (2018). Analysis of feeding behaviour and gastro-somatic index (GaSI) during different phases of breeding cycle of Monopterus cuchia (Hamilton, 1822) from Meghalaya, India. Journal of Applied and Natural Science, 10(4), 1187-1191. https://doi.org/10.31018/jans.v10i4.1907 google scholar
Lanthaimeilu, K., & Bhattacharjee, P. (2018). Relative gut length and gastro-somatic index of Pethia conchonius (Hamilton, 1822) and Trichogaster fasciata Bloch & Schneider 1801, Tripura. Journal of Entomology and Zoology Studies, 6(2), 2403-2407. google scholar
Menon, A.G.K. (1999). Check list - fresh water fishes of India. Record in Zoological Survey of India, Miscellaneous Publication, Occasional Paper No. 175. google scholar
Mitu, N. R. (2017). Reproductive biology of the female Asian striped dwarf catfish Mystus tengara (Hamilton, 1822) (Siluriformes: Bagridae) in the Ganges River of Rajshahi, northwestern Bangladesh. Turkish Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, 17(3), 589-598. https://doi. org/10.4194/1303-2712-v17_3_15 google scholar
Mojumder, N., Saha, D., Utsa, S. S., Maruf, K. K., & Paul, S. K. (2020). Biology of the endangered queen loach (Botia dario) collected from wild sources in Bangladesh. Aquaculture, Aquarium, Conservation & Legislation, 13(5), 2599-2609. google scholar
Nagar, K. C., & Sharma, M. S. (2016). Food and feeding habit of two hill stream fishes ie Rasbora daniconius and Noemachielus botia in selected stream of Southern Rajasthan, India. Research journal of Animal Veterinary and Fishery Science, 4(6), 7-14. google scholar
Rajaguru, A. (1992). Biology of two co-occurring tonguefishes, Cynoglossus arel and C. lida (Pleuronectiformes: Cynoglossidae), from Indian waters. Fishery Bulletin, 90(2), 328-367. google scholar
Sahil, Mogalekar, H.S., Chandran, S., Nayak, .S.K., Kumar, S. & Singh, S.K. (2023). Length-weight relationship and condition factor of selected small Cyprinid fishes from river Burhi Gandak in North Bihar, India. Journal of the Inland Fisheries Society of India, 54(1), 27-32. https:// epubs.icar.org.in/index.php/JIFSI/article/view/132388 google scholar
Sharma, A. K., Malik, D. S., & Bargali, H. (2018). Food and Feeding Habits of Schizothorox Richardsonii (Gray, 1832) Inhibiting Bhagirathi River, Tehri Garhwal, India. International Journal of Recent Scientific Research, 9(4), 25562-2556. https://doi.org/10.24327/IJRSR google scholar
Sit, G., Jana, A. & Chanda, A. (2020). Diversity of small indigenous freshwater ornamental fish under genus Puntius from Purba Medinipur, Paschim Medinipur and Jhargram districts of West Bengal, India. Advances in Zoology and Botany, 8(4), 334-341. https://doi.org/10.13189/azb.2020.080405 google scholar
Sit, G., Jana, A., Das, P., Chanda, A. & Sahu, S. K. (2022A). Induced breeding and embryonic development of indigenous ornamental fish Puntius terio (Hamilton, 1822). Indian Hydrobiology, 21(2), 43-51. google scholar
Sit, G., Jana, A., Chanda, A. & Sahu, S. K. (2022B). Record of zipper loach Paracanthocobitis botia (Hamilton 1822), an ornamental fish from Paschim Medinipur, West Bengal, India. Journal of Fisheries, 10(3), 103401-103401. https://doi.org/10.17017/j.fish.355 google scholar
Sit, G., Jana, A., Chanda, A. & Sahu, S. K. (2023A). Dose Selection for Induced Breeding and Larval Development of Indigenous Ornamental Fish Puntius chola (Hamilton, 1822). Aquatic Sciences and Engineering, 38(1), 62-67. https://doi.org/10.26650/ASE20221177106 google scholar
Sit, G., Jana, A., Chanda, A. & Sahu, S. K. (2023B). Record of zipper loach Paracanthocobitis mackenziei (Chaudhuri, 1910), an indigenous ornamental fish from West Bengal, India. Journal of Fisheries, 11(2), 112402-112402. https://doi.org/10.17017/j.fish.477 google scholar
Srivastava, S. C., Verma, P., Verma, A. K., & Singh, A. K. (2014). Assessment for possible metal contamination and human health risk of Pangasianodon hypophthalmus (Sauvage, 1878) farming, India. International Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Studies, 1, 176181. google scholar
Godhuli Sit
Natural and Applied Science Research Centre, Post Graduate Department of Zoology, Raja Narendra Lal Khan Women’s College (Autonomous)0000-0002-5821-7937India
Angsuman Chanda
Natural and Applied Science Research Centre, Post Graduate Department of Zoology, Raja Narendra Lal Khan Women’s College (Autonomous)0000-0003-1781-5057India
Project Number
Major research Project [35(Sanc.)/ST/P/S&T/17G-13/2018], Department of Science & Technology and Biotechnology, Government of West Bengal, India.
Jana, A., Sit, G., & Chanda, A. (2024). Seasonal Feeding Biology of Catfish, Pachypterus atherinoides (Bloch, 1794) with Special Reference to Lentic and Lotic Ecosystem. Aquatic Sciences and Engineering, 39(2), 95-105. https://doi.org/10.26650/ASE20231412574
AMA
Jana A, Sit G, Chanda A. Seasonal Feeding Biology of Catfish, Pachypterus atherinoides (Bloch, 1794) with Special Reference to Lentic and Lotic Ecosystem. Aqua Sci Eng. March 2024;39(2):95-105. doi:10.26650/ASE20231412574
Chicago
Jana, Arun, Godhuli Sit, and Angsuman Chanda. “Seasonal Feeding Biology of Catfish, Pachypterus Atherinoides (Bloch, 1794) With Special Reference to Lentic and Lotic Ecosystem”. Aquatic Sciences and Engineering 39, no. 2 (March 2024): 95-105. https://doi.org/10.26650/ASE20231412574.
EndNote
Jana A, Sit G, Chanda A (March 1, 2024) Seasonal Feeding Biology of Catfish, Pachypterus atherinoides (Bloch, 1794) with Special Reference to Lentic and Lotic Ecosystem. Aquatic Sciences and Engineering 39 2 95–105.
IEEE
A. Jana, G. Sit, and A. Chanda, “Seasonal Feeding Biology of Catfish, Pachypterus atherinoides (Bloch, 1794) with Special Reference to Lentic and Lotic Ecosystem”, Aqua Sci Eng, vol. 39, no. 2, pp. 95–105, 2024, doi: 10.26650/ASE20231412574.
ISNAD
Jana, Arun et al. “Seasonal Feeding Biology of Catfish, Pachypterus Atherinoides (Bloch, 1794) With Special Reference to Lentic and Lotic Ecosystem”. Aquatic Sciences and Engineering 39/2 (March 2024), 95-105. https://doi.org/10.26650/ASE20231412574.
JAMA
Jana A, Sit G, Chanda A. Seasonal Feeding Biology of Catfish, Pachypterus atherinoides (Bloch, 1794) with Special Reference to Lentic and Lotic Ecosystem. Aqua Sci Eng. 2024;39:95–105.
MLA
Jana, Arun et al. “Seasonal Feeding Biology of Catfish, Pachypterus Atherinoides (Bloch, 1794) With Special Reference to Lentic and Lotic Ecosystem”. Aquatic Sciences and Engineering, vol. 39, no. 2, 2024, pp. 95-105, doi:10.26650/ASE20231412574.
Vancouver
Jana A, Sit G, Chanda A. Seasonal Feeding Biology of Catfish, Pachypterus atherinoides (Bloch, 1794) with Special Reference to Lentic and Lotic Ecosystem. Aqua Sci Eng. 2024;39(2):95-105.
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