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The Effect of Economic Globalization on Unemployment in Emerging Market Economies

Yıl 2018, Cilt: 22 Sayı: Özel Sayı 2, 1763 - 1783, 22.10.2018

Öz

 In the present study, the effects of economic globalization on unemployment were examined for 16 emerging market economies by taking the period of 1991-2014. Within the scope of research, KOF economic globalization index as the economic globalization, unemployment rates based on the estimations of ILO for the unemployment were used. In the empirical analysis, the cross-sectional dependency was examined by using 𝐶𝐷𝐿𝑀1 and 𝐶𝐷𝐿𝑀2 , and then the stationarity of series was examined by using SURADF unit root test, whereas the long-term relationship between the series was analyzed by using Durbin-Hausman cointegration test. After proving the long-term relationship between the series, finally the cointegration coefficients were estimated by using DSUR method. The empirical analysis results indicated that the increase in economic globalization increased the unemployment rates in Colombia, Hungary, India, Malaysia, Poland, South Africa, and Turkey but the increase in economic globalization decreased the unemployment rates in Brazil, China, Indonesia, Mexico, Pakistan, Peru, Philippines, Russia, and Thailand.

Kaynakça

  • Adamu, P., Kaliappan, S. R., Bani, Y. and Nor, M. N. (2017). “Impact of Globalization on Unemployment in Sub-Saharan African (SSA) Countries”. Governance and Sustainability of Global Business Economics, 14-15 August 2017, (pp. 302-310), Malaysia, Universiti Putra Malaysia.
  • Ar, K. N. (2015). “Küreselleşme Sürecinde İstihdam ve Sendikacılık”. Girişimcilik ve Kalkınma Dergisi, 10(1), 239-270.
  • Aremo, A. G. and Adele, A. M. (2010). “Empirical Analysis of the Impact of Globalization on Labor Force Utilization: Evidence From Nigeria”. African Economic and Business Review, 8(1).
  • Awad, A. and Youssof, I. (2016). “The Impact of Economic Globalisation on Unemployment: The Malaysian Experience”. The Journal of Internatıonal Trade & Economıc Development, 15(2), 1-21.
  • Busemeyer, M. R. and Garritzman, J. L. (2017). “The Effect of Economic Globalization on Compensatory and Social Investment Policies Compared: A Multi-Level Analysis of OECD Countries”. DaWs Working Paper Series, No:2.
  • Daly, V., Ullah, F. Rauf, A. and Khan, G. Y. (2017). “Globalization and Unemployment in Pakistan”. Asian Economic and Financial Review, 7(7), 634-643.
  • Dreher, A. (2006). “Does Globalization Affect Growth? Evidence from a New Index of Globalization”. Applied Economics, 38, 1091-1110.
  • Dutt, P.,, Mitra, D. and Ranjan, P. (2009). “International Trade and Unemployment: Theory and Cross-national Evidence”. Journal of International Economics, 78, 32–44.
  • Erer ve Erer (2014). “AB Ülkelerinde Küreselleşmenin İşsizlik Üzerine Etkileri: Mekansal Panel Veri Analizi”. Çukurova Üniversitesi İİBF Dergisi, 18(2), 21-26.
  • Gozgor, G. (2017). “The Impact of Globalization on the Structural Unemployment: An Empirical Reappraisal”. International Economic Journal, 31(4), 471-489.
  • Demirtaş, G. and Yayla, N. (2017), “Küresel Entegrasyonun Kadın İstihdamı Üzerine Etkisi: Ampirik Bir İnceleme”. Journal of Yasar University, 12(48), 339-349.
  • Harms, P. and Hefeker, C. (2003). “Globalization and Unemployment: The Role of International Diversification”. Economics Letters, 78, 281–286.
  • Lim, S. and Burgoon, B. (2017). “Globalization and Support for Unemployment Spending in Asia: Do Asian Citizens Want to Embed Liberalism?”. CEAFJP Discussion Paper Series, No:17-03.
  • Meidani, A. A. N. and Zabihi, M. (2012). “The Dynamic Effect of Globalization on Unemployment Rate in Iran: A Co-integration Analysis”. International Business Research, 5(1), 120-126.
  • Mercan, M. (2014). “Feldstein-Horioka Hipotezinin AB-15 ve Türkiye Ekonomisi için Sınanması: Yatay Kesit Bağımlılığı Altında Yapısal Kırılmalı Dinamik Panel Veri Analizi”. Ege Akademik Bakış, 14(2), 231-245.
  • Nikolaevic, E. A. and Aleksandrovna, S. A. (2017). “Main Areas of Globalization Influence on the Unemployment Structure and Dynamics in Russia”. The Turkish Online Journal of Design, Art and Communication TOJDAC, 710-721.
  • Ogunrinola, I.S. and Osabuohien, E.S.C. (2010). “Globalisation and Employment Generation in Nigeria’s Manufacturing Sector (1990-2006)”. European Journal of Social Sciences, 12(4), 581-593.
  • Orbeta, A. C. J. (2002). “Globalization and Employment: The Impact of Trade on Employment Level and Structure in the Philippines,”. Philippine Institute for Development Studies. Discussion Paper Series, No: 04.
  • Pesaran, M. H. (2004). “General Diagnostic Tests for Cross Section Dependence in Panels”. Cambridge Working Papers in Economics, 435, 1-39.
  • Pesaran, M.H. and Yamagata, T. (2008). “Testing Slope Homogeneity in Large Panels”. Journal of Econometrics, 142(1), 50-93.
  • Pietro, M. A. D., Girsberger, E.M. and Vuille, A. (2007). “The impact of globalization on employment” 63rd SPC and 93rd DGINS Conference 19–21 September 2007, Budapest, Hungary.
  • Sen, K. (2004). “Globalisation and Employment in Kenya and Bangladesh”. School of Development Studies and Overseas Development Group. Discussion Paper 7, University of East Anglia, United Kingdom.
  • Soomro, R. H., Nasar-ul-eman, S. M. and Aziz, F. (2012). “Impact of Economic Globalization on Unemployment: Global and National Perspective”. Interdisciplinary Journal of Contemporary Research in Business, 3(12), 605-616.
  • Sönmez, P. (2006). “Küreselleşme, Avrupa Birliği ve İstihdam: Çalışma İlişkilerinde Yaşanan Dönüşüm”. Ankara Avrupa Çalışmaları Dergisi, 5(3), 177-198.
  • Ukpere, W. I. and Slabbert, A. D. (2009). “A Relationship Between Current Globalisation, Unemployment, Inequality and Poverty”. International Journal of Social Economics, 36(1/2), 37-46.
  • Tatoğlu, F.Y. (2013). Panel Veri Ekonometrisi: Stata Uygulamalı (2. Baskı), İstanbul, Beta Yayınları.
  • Tavera, J. A. (2007). “Globalization and Its Effects on Manufacturing Employment: The Case of Peru, 1993-2000”. http://servicio.indecopi.gob.pe/revistaCompetencia/castellano/articulos/otono2006/06-TAVERAindd.pdf.
  • Westerlund, J. (2008). “Panel Cointegration Tests of the Fisher Effect”. Journal of Applied Econometrics, 23(2), 193-233.

Yükselen Piyasa Ekonomilerinde Ekonomik Küreselleşmenin İşsizlik Üzerindeki Etkisi

Yıl 2018, Cilt: 22 Sayı: Özel Sayı 2, 1763 - 1783, 22.10.2018

Öz

Bu çalışmada, ekonomik küreselleşmenin işsizlik üzerindeki etkisi 1991-2014 dönemi ele alınarak 16 yükselen piyasa ekonomisi için incelenmiştir. Analiz kapsamında, ekonomik küreselleşmeyi temsilen KOF ekonomik küreselleşme endeksi ve işsizliği temsilen ILO tahminlerine dayalı işsizlik oranları kullanılmıştır. Çalışmada ilk olarak yatay kesit bağımlılığı  𝐶𝐷𝐿𝑀1 ve 𝐶𝐷𝐿𝑀2  testiyle araştırılmış olup, daha sonra serilerin durağanlığı SURADF birim kök testiyle ve seriler arasındaki uzun dönemli ilişki Durbin-Hausman eşbütünleşme testiyle incelenmiştir. Seriler arasında uzun dönemli ilişkinin varlığı ispat edildikten sonra son olarak eşbütünleşme katsayıları DSUR yöntemiyle tahmin edilmiştir. Ampirik analiz sonuçları Kolombiya, Macaristan, Hindistan, Malezya, Polonya, Güney Afrika ve Türkiye’de ekonomik küreselleşmedeki artışın işsizlik oranını arttırdığını, ancak Brezilya, Çin, Endonezya, Meksika, Pakistan, Peru, Filipinler, Rusya ve Tayland’da ise ekonomik olarak küreselleşme düzeyindeki artışın işsizlik oranını azalttığını ortaya koymuştur.

Kaynakça

  • Adamu, P., Kaliappan, S. R., Bani, Y. and Nor, M. N. (2017). “Impact of Globalization on Unemployment in Sub-Saharan African (SSA) Countries”. Governance and Sustainability of Global Business Economics, 14-15 August 2017, (pp. 302-310), Malaysia, Universiti Putra Malaysia.
  • Ar, K. N. (2015). “Küreselleşme Sürecinde İstihdam ve Sendikacılık”. Girişimcilik ve Kalkınma Dergisi, 10(1), 239-270.
  • Aremo, A. G. and Adele, A. M. (2010). “Empirical Analysis of the Impact of Globalization on Labor Force Utilization: Evidence From Nigeria”. African Economic and Business Review, 8(1).
  • Awad, A. and Youssof, I. (2016). “The Impact of Economic Globalisation on Unemployment: The Malaysian Experience”. The Journal of Internatıonal Trade & Economıc Development, 15(2), 1-21.
  • Busemeyer, M. R. and Garritzman, J. L. (2017). “The Effect of Economic Globalization on Compensatory and Social Investment Policies Compared: A Multi-Level Analysis of OECD Countries”. DaWs Working Paper Series, No:2.
  • Daly, V., Ullah, F. Rauf, A. and Khan, G. Y. (2017). “Globalization and Unemployment in Pakistan”. Asian Economic and Financial Review, 7(7), 634-643.
  • Dreher, A. (2006). “Does Globalization Affect Growth? Evidence from a New Index of Globalization”. Applied Economics, 38, 1091-1110.
  • Dutt, P.,, Mitra, D. and Ranjan, P. (2009). “International Trade and Unemployment: Theory and Cross-national Evidence”. Journal of International Economics, 78, 32–44.
  • Erer ve Erer (2014). “AB Ülkelerinde Küreselleşmenin İşsizlik Üzerine Etkileri: Mekansal Panel Veri Analizi”. Çukurova Üniversitesi İİBF Dergisi, 18(2), 21-26.
  • Gozgor, G. (2017). “The Impact of Globalization on the Structural Unemployment: An Empirical Reappraisal”. International Economic Journal, 31(4), 471-489.
  • Demirtaş, G. and Yayla, N. (2017), “Küresel Entegrasyonun Kadın İstihdamı Üzerine Etkisi: Ampirik Bir İnceleme”. Journal of Yasar University, 12(48), 339-349.
  • Harms, P. and Hefeker, C. (2003). “Globalization and Unemployment: The Role of International Diversification”. Economics Letters, 78, 281–286.
  • Lim, S. and Burgoon, B. (2017). “Globalization and Support for Unemployment Spending in Asia: Do Asian Citizens Want to Embed Liberalism?”. CEAFJP Discussion Paper Series, No:17-03.
  • Meidani, A. A. N. and Zabihi, M. (2012). “The Dynamic Effect of Globalization on Unemployment Rate in Iran: A Co-integration Analysis”. International Business Research, 5(1), 120-126.
  • Mercan, M. (2014). “Feldstein-Horioka Hipotezinin AB-15 ve Türkiye Ekonomisi için Sınanması: Yatay Kesit Bağımlılığı Altında Yapısal Kırılmalı Dinamik Panel Veri Analizi”. Ege Akademik Bakış, 14(2), 231-245.
  • Nikolaevic, E. A. and Aleksandrovna, S. A. (2017). “Main Areas of Globalization Influence on the Unemployment Structure and Dynamics in Russia”. The Turkish Online Journal of Design, Art and Communication TOJDAC, 710-721.
  • Ogunrinola, I.S. and Osabuohien, E.S.C. (2010). “Globalisation and Employment Generation in Nigeria’s Manufacturing Sector (1990-2006)”. European Journal of Social Sciences, 12(4), 581-593.
  • Orbeta, A. C. J. (2002). “Globalization and Employment: The Impact of Trade on Employment Level and Structure in the Philippines,”. Philippine Institute for Development Studies. Discussion Paper Series, No: 04.
  • Pesaran, M. H. (2004). “General Diagnostic Tests for Cross Section Dependence in Panels”. Cambridge Working Papers in Economics, 435, 1-39.
  • Pesaran, M.H. and Yamagata, T. (2008). “Testing Slope Homogeneity in Large Panels”. Journal of Econometrics, 142(1), 50-93.
  • Pietro, M. A. D., Girsberger, E.M. and Vuille, A. (2007). “The impact of globalization on employment” 63rd SPC and 93rd DGINS Conference 19–21 September 2007, Budapest, Hungary.
  • Sen, K. (2004). “Globalisation and Employment in Kenya and Bangladesh”. School of Development Studies and Overseas Development Group. Discussion Paper 7, University of East Anglia, United Kingdom.
  • Soomro, R. H., Nasar-ul-eman, S. M. and Aziz, F. (2012). “Impact of Economic Globalization on Unemployment: Global and National Perspective”. Interdisciplinary Journal of Contemporary Research in Business, 3(12), 605-616.
  • Sönmez, P. (2006). “Küreselleşme, Avrupa Birliği ve İstihdam: Çalışma İlişkilerinde Yaşanan Dönüşüm”. Ankara Avrupa Çalışmaları Dergisi, 5(3), 177-198.
  • Ukpere, W. I. and Slabbert, A. D. (2009). “A Relationship Between Current Globalisation, Unemployment, Inequality and Poverty”. International Journal of Social Economics, 36(1/2), 37-46.
  • Tatoğlu, F.Y. (2013). Panel Veri Ekonometrisi: Stata Uygulamalı (2. Baskı), İstanbul, Beta Yayınları.
  • Tavera, J. A. (2007). “Globalization and Its Effects on Manufacturing Employment: The Case of Peru, 1993-2000”. http://servicio.indecopi.gob.pe/revistaCompetencia/castellano/articulos/otono2006/06-TAVERAindd.pdf.
  • Westerlund, J. (2008). “Panel Cointegration Tests of the Fisher Effect”. Journal of Applied Econometrics, 23(2), 193-233.
Toplam 28 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil İngilizce
Bölüm Makaleler
Yazarlar

Ali Altıner 0000-0001-7362-8198

Eda Bozkurt Bu kişi benim 0000-0001-7158-8049

Yılmaz Toktaş 0000-0002-6996-7987

Yayımlanma Tarihi 22 Ekim 2018
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2018 Cilt: 22 Sayı: Özel Sayı 2

Kaynak Göster

APA Altıner, A., Bozkurt, E., & Toktaş, Y. (2018). The Effect of Economic Globalization on Unemployment in Emerging Market Economies. Atatürk Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi, 22(Özel Sayı 2), 1763-1783.

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