Development of an achievement test on the eighth-grade “acids and bases” topic

Özgür Barutçu; Çiğdem Şahin Çakır

doi:10.34056/aujef.1656071

Development of an achievement test on the eighth-grade “acids and bases” topic

Abstract

This study aimed to develop an achievement test specifically for eighth-grade middle school students on the topic of 'Acids and Bases' (ABAT). The research process followed standard test development procedures, focusing on creating a practical achievement test. The sample included 282 eighth-grade students from various middle schools. Data were analyzed using SPSS 27.00, Factor 11.02.04 software, and Microsoft Excel. Both Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA) and Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) were conducted using the Factor 11.02.04 program. The EFA revealed a two-factor structure with 24 items, a KMO value of 0.82, and explained 40% of the total variance. The CFA confirmed the two-factor model for the ABAT. Additionally, the independent-samples t-test supported the construct validity of the ABAT, demonstrating its ability to distinguish between lower and higher groups. The difficulty and discrimination indices of the ABAT were moderate, and the KR-20 reliability coefficient was 0.87. Overall, this study developed a reliable and valid assessment tool that educators and researchers can use to evaluate middle school students' achievement in 'Acids and Bases' or to identify learning gaps.

Keywords

Supporting Institution

no

Ethical Statement

This study was conducted with the approval decision taken at the meeting of Giresun University Social Sciences Science and Engineering Sciences Research Ethics Committee (Number: E-50288587-050.01.04-138010) dated January 11, 2023 and numbered 01/28.

Thanks

This study was produced from the master's thesis research conducted by Özgür BARUTÇU under the supervision of Prof. Dr. Çiğdem ŞAHİN ÇAKIR. We would like to thank Associate Professor Dr. Hava IPEK AKBULUT from Trabzon University Fatih Faculty of Education, Professor Dr. Fatma YAMAN from Bozok University Faculty of Education, and Professor Dr. Fethiye Karslı BAYDERE from Giresun University Faculty of Education for their contributions to the development of the ABAT.

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Details

Primary Language

English

Subjects

Science Education

Journal Section

Research Article

Authors

Özgür Barutçu
0009-0007-6497-1374
Türkiye

Çiğdem Şahin Çakır ^*
0000-0001-7041-3773
Türkiye

Publication Date

December 23, 2025

Submission Date

March 12, 2025

Acceptance Date

July 25, 2025

Published in Issue

Year 2025 Volume: 9 Number: 4

DOI

https://doi.org/10.34056/aujef.1656071

IZ

https://izlik.org/JA73BB32UX

Cite

RIS / Bibtex

APA

Barutçu, Ö., & Şahin Çakır, Ç. (2025). Development of an achievement test on the eighth-grade “acids and bases” topic. Anadolu University Journal of Education Faculty, 9(4), 300-321. https://doi.org/10.34056/aujef.1656071