From distributed to hybrid leadership: The changing leadership view in educational organizations

Abstract

When educational organizations are considered, it is very difficult for a person to control leadership tasks and routines such as evaluation of students and teachers, structuring course programs, measuring and evaluating, school safety, student relations, discipline and continuity in schools. Therefore, it is suitable for all school members to carry out these tasks and routines together by division of labour. Teachers are actually carried out leadership routines by departments, teams or boards with cooperation and expertise. It is also the fact that the entire authority of the school is on a single and officially appointed leader who demonstrates final decisions.  In that sense, schools need modern leadership forms and it is necessary to consider an alternative focusing on a shift from great man leadership to team leadership. In this review study, distributed and hybrid leadership approaches which are mostly discussed in recent years have been examined in the context of educational organizations. The patterns of distributed leadership and the hybrid form of leadership are addressed in the study and conclusions are provided by considering the related literature.

Keywords

• distributed leadership,hybrid leadership

Dağıtılmış Liderlikten Hibrit Liderliğe: Eğitim Örgütlerinde Liderliğin Değişen Görünümü

Öz

Eğitim örgütlerinde öğrenci ve öğretmen değerlendirmesi, eğitim programlarının yapılandırılması, ölçme ve değerlendirme, okul güvenliği, öğrenci işleri, öğrenci disiplini ve okula devam gibi liderlik görevlerinin tek bir kişinin tekelinde ve kontrolünde olması oldukça zor olduğundan düzenli bir iş bölümüyle bu rutinlerin bütün okul üyelerince birlikte yürütülmesi yerindedir. Okullarda oluşturulan zümreler, ekipler veya kurullarda atanmış öğretmenler mevcut olup işbirliği ve uzmanlıklarıyla liderlik rutinlerini okullarda yerine getirmektedirler. Ayrıca okula ait bütün yetki resmi olarak atanan tek bir liderde bulunmaktadır. Bu bağlamda okullar modern liderlik biçimlerine gerek duymaktadır ve tek adam liderliğinden takım liderliğine doğru bir kayma bu noktada önemli bir seçenek olarak görülmektedir. Bahsedilen bu modern liderlik biçimleri tek bir egemen liderden ibaret olmayıp örgüt bileşenlerinin liderlik anlayışında eşit derecede önemli olduğu daha kolektif bir liderlik bakış açısına doğrudur. Böylelikle son yıllarda liderlik tartışmalarına konu olan dağıtılmış liderlik ve hibrit liderlik yaklaşımları bu derleme çalışmasında eğitim örgütleri bağlamında idelenmiştir. Dağıtılmış liderliğin örüntüleri ve liderliğin hibrit biçimi ilgili alan yazın kapsamında değinilmiş olup okullarda bu liderliklerin yönelik çıkarımlarda bulunulmuştur.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• dağıtılmış liderlik,hibrit liderlik,eğitim örgütleri

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