Elsberg Syndrome: One of the Causes of Cauda Equina Syndrome - A Case Series and Review of the Literature

Abstract

Elsberg syndrome (ES) is a rare syndrome characterized by acute or subacute lumbosacral radiculitis and myelitis confined to the lower spinal cord, following an acute or reactivation viral infection. Reported complaints are urinary retention, bowel incontinence, radicular pain and muscle weakness. It is associated with Herpes simplex type 2 infections or reactivation from dorsal root ganglia, there are also cases reported with acute west Nile virus, varicella zoster virus and severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2. Clinicians do not generally consider this syndrome in the differential diagnosis of acute cauda equina syndrome, and therefore, appropriate diagnostic approaches are missed. Sarcoidosis, lymphoma, vasculitis, other sources of infection and dural arteriovenous fistula are also included in the differential diagnosis. In order to draw attention to ES, which is a post viral inflammatory condition, two cases presenting acute cauda equina syndrome findings and diagnosed with ES will be presented.

Keywords

• Elsberg Syndrome
• Herpes Simplex Type 2
• Miyelitis

Elsberg Sendromu: Kauda Ekina Sendromunun Nedenlerinden Biri - Olgu Serisi ve Literatürün Gözden Geçirilmesi

Abstract

Elsberg sendromu (ES), akut veya reaktif bir viral enfeksiyonu takiben omurilik alt bölgesinde sınırlı,akut veya subakut lumbosakral radikülit ve miyelit ile karakterize nadir bir sendromdur. Bildirilen semptomlar idrar retansiyonu, bağırsak inkontinansı, radiküler ağrı ve kas güçsüzlüğüdür. Herpes simpleks tip 2 enfeksiyonları veya dorsal kök gangliyonlarından reaktivasyon ile ilişkilidir, ayrıca akut batı Nil virüsü, varisella zoster virüsü ve Şiddetli akut solunum yolu sendromu koronavirüs-2 ile bildirilen olgular da vardır. Klinisyenler genellikle bu sendromu akut kauda ekina sendromunun ayırıcı tanısında değerlendirmez ve bu nedenle uygun tanısal yaklaşımlar gözden kaçar. Sarkoidoz, lenfoma, vaskülit, diğer enfeksiyon kaynakları ve dural arteriyovenöz fistül de ayırıcı tanıda yer almaktadır. Post viral enflamatuvar bir durum olan ES’ye dikkat çekmek amacıyla akut kauda ekuina sendromu bulguları gösteren ve ES tanısı alan iki olgu sunulacaktır.

Keywords

• Elsberg Sendrom
• Herpes Simpleks Virüs Tip 2
• Miyelit

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