Research Article

Diagnostic Performance and Reliability of 4-Point CT Brain Angiography and Precentral Gyrus Cortical Thickness in Brain Death Assessment

Volume: 79 Number: 1 March 27, 2026
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Diagnostic Performance and Reliability of 4-Point CT Brain Angiography and Precentral Gyrus Cortical Thickness in Brain Death Assessment

Abstract

Background: Brain death (BD) diagnosis is ethically and clinically crucial, especially in potential organ donor cases where rapid and accurate determination is vital. Although computed tomography angiography (CTA) provides high specificity, its variable sensitivity may lead to false negatives, necessitating complementary diagnostic methods. Purpose: This study aimed to evaluate the diagnostic performance and observer reliability of precentral gyrus cortical thickness measurements in BD diagnosis and to compare them with the 4-point CTA method. Materials and Methods: This retrospective study included 42 clinically confirmed BD patients and 144 healthy controls. Brain CT and CTA images were analyzed by two independent, blinded radiologists at two separate time points. Precentral gyrus cortical thickness was measured in both hemispheres, and 4-point CTA scoring was performed. ROC curve analysis determined cut-off values, sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, positive predictive value (PPV), and negative predictive value (NPV). Intra- and interobserver reliability was evaluated using ICC, Cohen’s Kappa, and Bland–Altman analyses. Results: The 4-point CTA showed 97% accuracy, 88% sensitivity, and 100% specificity. Precentral gyrus cortical thickness achieved approximately 90% sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy. Observer agreement was excellent (ICC=0.988–0.999; p<0.001), and venous parameters demonstrated strong to perfect concordance (κ=0.645–1.00). Conclusion: Precentral gyrus cortical thickness measurement is a highly accurate and reproducible adjunct method for BD diagnosis. Combined with the 4-point CTA, it enhances diagnostic confidence, particularly in ambiguous cases. Multicenter prospective studies are required to confirm these findings.

Keywords

Supporting Institution

No

Ethical Statement

Approval from the Gaziantep City Hospital Institutional Review Board for non-invasive clinical research was obtained during the meeting held on 17/09/2025, under protocol number 298/2025.

Thanks

No

References

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  6. Kramer AH, Roberts DJ. Computed tomography angiography in the diagnosis of brain death: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Neurocrit Care. 2014;21(3):539-550.
  7. Taylor T, Dineen RA, Gardiner DC, et al. Computed tomography angiography for confirmation of the clinical diagnosis of brain death. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2014;(3):CD009694.
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Details

Primary Language

English

Subjects

Radiology and Organ Imaging

Journal Section

Research Article

Publication Date

March 27, 2026

Submission Date

December 9, 2025

Acceptance Date

January 7, 2026

Published in Issue

Year 2026 Volume: 79 Number: 1

APA
Kaya, M., Konukoğlu, O., Cindemir, E., Kaya, F. M., & Onay, M. (2026). Diagnostic Performance and Reliability of 4-Point CT Brain Angiography and Precentral Gyrus Cortical Thickness in Brain Death Assessment. Ankara Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Mecmuası, 79(1), 8-20. https://doi.org/10.65092/autfm.1839290
AMA
1.Kaya M, Konukoğlu O, Cindemir E, Kaya FM, Onay M. Diagnostic Performance and Reliability of 4-Point CT Brain Angiography and Precentral Gyrus Cortical Thickness in Brain Death Assessment. Ankara Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Mecmuası. 2026;79(1):8-20. doi:10.65092/autfm.1839290
Chicago
Kaya, Murat, Osman Konukoğlu, Ergul Cindemir, Fatıma Merve Kaya, and Mehmet Onay. 2026. “Diagnostic Performance and Reliability of 4-Point CT Brain Angiography and Precentral Gyrus Cortical Thickness in Brain Death Assessment”. Ankara Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Mecmuası 79 (1): 8-20. https://doi.org/10.65092/autfm.1839290.
EndNote
Kaya M, Konukoğlu O, Cindemir E, Kaya FM, Onay M (March 1, 2026) Diagnostic Performance and Reliability of 4-Point CT Brain Angiography and Precentral Gyrus Cortical Thickness in Brain Death Assessment. Ankara Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Mecmuası 79 1 8–20.
IEEE
[1]M. Kaya, O. Konukoğlu, E. Cindemir, F. M. Kaya, and M. Onay, “Diagnostic Performance and Reliability of 4-Point CT Brain Angiography and Precentral Gyrus Cortical Thickness in Brain Death Assessment”, Ankara Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Mecmuası, vol. 79, no. 1, pp. 8–20, Mar. 2026, doi: 10.65092/autfm.1839290.
ISNAD
Kaya, Murat - Konukoğlu, Osman - Cindemir, Ergul - Kaya, Fatıma Merve - Onay, Mehmet. “Diagnostic Performance and Reliability of 4-Point CT Brain Angiography and Precentral Gyrus Cortical Thickness in Brain Death Assessment”. Ankara Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Mecmuası 79/1 (March 1, 2026): 8-20. https://doi.org/10.65092/autfm.1839290.
JAMA
1.Kaya M, Konukoğlu O, Cindemir E, Kaya FM, Onay M. Diagnostic Performance and Reliability of 4-Point CT Brain Angiography and Precentral Gyrus Cortical Thickness in Brain Death Assessment. Ankara Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Mecmuası. 2026;79:8–20.
MLA
Kaya, Murat, et al. “Diagnostic Performance and Reliability of 4-Point CT Brain Angiography and Precentral Gyrus Cortical Thickness in Brain Death Assessment”. Ankara Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Mecmuası, vol. 79, no. 1, Mar. 2026, pp. 8-20, doi:10.65092/autfm.1839290.
Vancouver
1.Murat Kaya, Osman Konukoğlu, Ergul Cindemir, Fatıma Merve Kaya, Mehmet Onay. Diagnostic Performance and Reliability of 4-Point CT Brain Angiography and Precentral Gyrus Cortical Thickness in Brain Death Assessment. Ankara Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Mecmuası. 2026 Mar. 1;79(1):8-20. doi:10.65092/autfm.1839290