Determination of the effects of oxytocin and carazolol on uterine involution by pulsed-wave Doppler ultrasonography in Kıvırcık ewes

Abstract

The aim of this study was to determine the effects of oxytocin and carazolol on uterine involution in postpartum Kıvırcık ewes. Thirty primiparous suckling Kıvırcık ewes were divided into 3 groups: carazolol, oxytocin, and control. The ewes underwent transcutaneous B-mode USG in the 1st week after birth, and the examinations continued via transrectal USG until the 28th day of postpartum (pp). The pulsatility index (PI), resistive index (RI), and systolic/diastolic (S/D) velocity ratio were recorded for uterine artery by Doppler USG. On postpartum 21st day, gravid horn diameter reduction was best achieved in the carazolol group. The PI values were found to be statistically significant (P˂0.001) on days 14 and 21 pp. The mean RI values of uterine artery were statistically higher (P˂0.01) in the oxytocin group. The highest RI value was detected on the 14th day of pp. The carazolol group had statistically higher (P˂0.05) mean S/D values when compared to other groups. In conclusion, the most effective drug used to accelerate involution was found to be carazolol. The drugs used in this study appeared to have a contraction effect on the uterine arteries.

Keywords

• Carazolol
• oxytocin
• postpartum involution
• pulsed-wave Doppler ultrasonography
• sheep.

References

1. Ababneh MM, Degefa T (2005): Ultrasonic Assessment of Puerperal Uterine Involution in Balady Goats. J Vet Med A, 52, 244–248.
2. Abshagen U, Möllendorff EV (1980): Pharmakokinetik oder Wirkungskinetik von Carazolol? Therapierelevante Daten. 255–258. In: Symposium Uber den Beta-Rezeptorenblocker Carazolol. Excerpta, Amsterdam.
3. Ahmed MN, Ynzeel JH, Majeed AF (2016): Ultrasonographic study of uterine involution in of Awassi ewes in Iraq. Al-Anbar J Vet Sci, 9, 16-21.
4. Assali NS, Dasgupta K, Kolin A (1959): Measurement of Uterine Blood Flow and Uterine Metabolism, VI. Effects of Oxytocic, Vasopressor, and Vasodepresscw Drugs on the Blood Flow to the Postpartum Uterus in Unanesthetized Sheep. Am J Obst and Gynec, 78, 313-321.
5. Badawi ME, Makawi SEA, Abdelghafar RM, et al (2014): Assessment of postpartum uterine involution and progesterone profile in Nubian goats (Capra hircus). J Adv Vet Anim Res, 1, 36-41.
6. Bademkiran S, Kaya HH (2006): İneklerde güç doğuma bağlı şekillenen retensiyo sekundinaryum'un engellenmesinde beta blokörlerin (carazolol) ve PGF 2a'nin etkilerinin karşilaştirilmasi. J Fac Vet Med Istanbul Univ, 32, 69-79.
7. Bajcsy AC, Szenci O, van der Weijden GC, et al (2006): The effect of a single oxytocin or carbetocin treatment on uterine contractility in early postpartum dairy cows. Theriogenology, 65, 400–414.
8. Ballarini G, Guizzardi F (1981): Wirkung des beta-blockers carazolol bei transportkrankheit oder stress-syndrom des Schweines. Tierarztliche-Umschau, 36, 171-180.

9. Chen YL, Shepherd C, Spinelli W, et al (1999): Oxytocin and vasopressin constrict rat isolated resistance arteries by activating vasopressin V1A receptors. Eur J Pharmacol, 376, 45-51.
10. Cunha Barbosa C, Barbosa de Souza M, Azevedo de Freitas L, et al (2013): Assessment of uterine involution in bitches using B-mode and Doppler ultrasonography. Anim Reprod Sci, 139, 121-126.
11. Degefa T, Ababneh MM, Moustafa MF (2006): Uterine involution in the post-partum Balady goat. Vet Arhiv, 76, 119-133.
12. Dickey RP (1997): Doppler ultrasound investigation of uterine and ovarian blood flow in infertility and early pregnancy. Hum Reprod Update, 3, 467–503.
13. Elmetwally M, Rohn K, Meinecke-Tillmann S (2016): Noninvasive color Doppler sonography of uterine blood flow throughout pregnancy in sheep and goats. Theriogenology, 85, 1070–1079.
14. Elmetwally M, Bollwein H (2017): Uterine blood flow in sheep and goats during the peri-parturient period assessed by transrectal Doppler sonography. Anim Reprod Sci, 176, 32–39.
15. Fielder FD, Baker RF (1969): Diagnostic applications of Doppler ultrasound. Ultrasonics, 7, 36–38.
16. Gray CA, Stewart MD, Johnson GA, et al (2003): Postpartum uterine involution in sheep: histoarchitecture and changes in endometrial gene expression. Reproduction, 125, 185–198.
17. Greyling JPC, Van Niekerk CH (1991): Macroscopic uterine involution in the postpartum Boar goat. Small Rumin Res, 4, 277-283.
18. Hauser B, Bostedt H (2002): Ultrasonographic Observations of the Uterine Regression in the Ewe under Different Obstetrical Conditions. J Vet Med A, 49, 511–516.
19. Jaffa AJ, Wolman I, Har-Toov J, et al (1996): Changes in uterine artery resistance to blood flow during puerperium – a longitudinal study. J Matern Fetal Investig, 6, 27–30.
20. Januszewski T (1985): Zur Wirkung des Beta –Adrenozeptorenblockers Carazolol nach tierarztlicher Geburtshilfe beim Rind auf den Abgang dea Nachgeburt. Praca dokt. Monachium.
21. Krajnicakova M, Bekeova E, Maracek I, et al (1996): Morphological and functional uterine changes in the puerperium of ewes. Folia Veterinaria, 40, 21–24.
22. Krueger L, Koerte J, Tsousis G, et al (2009): Transrectal Doppler sonography of uterine blood flow during the first 12 weeks after parturition in healthy dairy cows. Anim Reprod Sci, 114, 23-31.
23. Marnet PG, Laurentie MP, Garcia-Villar R, et al (1986): Route of administration and uterine response to oxytocin in the ewe. J Vet Phannacol Therap, 9, 439-441.
24. Miller ME, Davidge ST, Mitchell BF (2002): Oxytocin does not directly affect vascular tone in vessels from non-pregnant and pregnant rats. Am J Physiol, 282, 223-228.
25. Mortensen C, Kelley D, Warren L (2011): Supplemental l-arginine shortens gestation length and increases mare uterine blood flow before and after parturition. J Equine Vet Sci, 31, 514–520.
26. Mulic-Lutvica A, Eurenius K, Axelsson O (2007): Longitudinal study of Doppler flow resistance indices of the uterine arteries after normal vaginal delivery. Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand, 86, 1207–1214.
27. Noakes DE (2001): The puerperium and the care of the newborn. 189–202. In: DE Noakes, TJ Parkinson, GCW England (Eds), Arthur’s Veterinary Reproduction and Obstetrics. Saunders, Edinburgh.
28. Regassa F, Noakes DE (1999): Acute phase protein response of ewes and the release of PGFM in relation to uterine involution and the presence of intrauterine bacteria. Vet Rec, 144, 502–506.
29. Retzer R (1987): Zur medikamentellen behandiung der wehenschwache bei der geburt des rindes. Vet Med Diss, Muenchen.
30. Rudloff PR, Borstedt H (1984): Effect of beta blockader carazolol (Suacron) on parturition in sows. Tierarztl Prax, 12, 443-449.
31. Sheldon IM, Noakes DE, Bayliss M, et al (2003): The effect of oestradiol on postpartum uterine involution in sheep. Anim Reprod Sci, 78, 57–70.
32. Sheldon IM, Dobson H (2004): Pospartum Uterine Health in Cattle. Anim Reprod Sci, 82–83, 295–306.
33. Tian W, Noakes DE (1991): A radiographic method for measuring the effect of an exogenous hormone therapy on uterine involution in ewes. Vet Rec, 129, 463–466.
34. Twardon J, Dejneka GJ, Błaszkowszowska M, et al (2005): The influence of simpanorm (carazolol) application on puerperal period course in dairy cows. Fatro Vetup Dates, 11.
35. Van Wyk LC, Van Niekerk CH, Belonje PC (1972): Involution of the postpartum of the ewe. J S Afr Vet Ass, 43, 19-26.
36. Vedernikov YP, Betancourt A, Wentz MJ, et al (2006): Adaptation to pregnancy leads to attenuated rat uterine artery smooth muscle sensitivity to oxytocin. Am J Obstet Gynecol, 194, 252–260.
37. Veiga GAL, Angrimani DSR, Silva LCG, et al (2018): Hemodynamics of the uterine and umbilical arteries during the perinatal period in ewes. Anim Reprod Sci, 198, 210-219.
38. Zdunczyk S, Milewski S, Wojciech B, et al (2004): Postpartum uterine involution in primiparous and pluriparous polish longwool sheep monitored by ultrasonography. Bull Vet Inst Pulawy, 48, 255-257.