Interrelationships between milk yield, anti-müllerian hormone levels, metabolic profile parameters, and first service conception rates in Simmental cows

Abstract

This study aimed to evaluate the relationship between milk yield, anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH), metabolic profile test parameters (MPT), and first service conception (FSC) rate in Simmental cows on postpartum day 60. Sixty adult female Simmental cows, all of which were at least in their second lactation period, were selected. The recorded milk yields were categorized into two groups: low milk yield (LMY) (n = 30) and high milk yield (HMY) (n = 30). During milk assessment, the LMY group had a lower lactation number than the HMY group (P<0.05). Furthermore, the HMY group exhibited higher Ca/P ratios, glucose, and AMH levels. Phosphorus levels were significantly higher in the LMY group compared to the HMY group (P < 0.05). Animals with low AMH levels had lower glucose levels than those with medium and high AMH levels (P<0.05). Additionally, AMH levels were positively correlated with albumin (ALB)/ globulin (GLB) (P<0.05) and non-esterified fatty acids (NEFA) levels (P<0.01). There was a numerical difference for pregnant (818.24±307.54 pg/mL) and non-pregnant (743.96±197.70 pg/mL) animals. In conclusion, AMH levels were positively correlated with milk yield and some metabolic profile parameters in Simmental cows; however, no statistically significant association was found between AMH levels and pregnancy outcomes. Future research should include larger populations and consider additional factors, such as trace elements and reproductive status, to further enhance the understanding of these relationships.

Keywords

• AMH
• Metabolic profile
• Milk yield
• Pregnancy
• Simmental

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