Retrospective evaluation of neutrophil-to-lymphocyte, monocyte-to-lymphocyte, and platelet-to-lymphocyte ratios in feline panleukopenia

Güzin Özkurt; Ebubekir Gümüşsoy

doi:10.33988/auvfd.1880651

Retrospective evaluation of neutrophil-to-lymphocyte, monocyte-to-lymphocyte, and platelet-to-lymphocyte ratios in feline panleukopenia

Abstract

Feline panleukopenia is a severe immunosuppressive viral disease, that particularly affects young cats. This study aimed to evaluate changes in hematological parameters and derived inflammatory indices during the course of feline panleukopenia virus infection. The study included an infected group of 10 cats with feline panleukopenia virus infection confirmed by a rapid diagnostic test, and a control group of clinically healthy cats with negative test results and no abnormalities detected on physical examination. Statistical analyses revealed that the neutrophil, lymphocyte, monocyte, and platelet counts were significantly lower in infected cats than in the control group (P<0.05). In addition, within the infected group, the monocyte-to-lymphocyte ratio on days 0 and 3 was significantly lower than on day 5 (P<0.05). Comparisons between the infected and control groups also demonstrated significant differences in the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte and platelet-to-lymphocyte ratios, whereas no significant difference was detected in the monocyte-to-lymphocyte ratio. These findings indicate that feline panleukopenia infection is associated with marked suppression of peripheral blood cell populations and suggest that selected hematological indices may provide supportive information for monitoring disease progression.

Keywords

References

Aydın Ö (2025): Investigation of novel hematological index variations in cats naturally infected with feline panleukopenia virus. Kocatepe Vet J, 18, 52-60. DOI: 10.30607/kvj.1610470.
Aydın Ö, Aktaş G (2026). Investigation of the prognostic effects of inactivated parapoxvirus ovis and combined filgrastim therapy in naturally infected cats with feline panleukopenia virus. Acta Vet Hung, 74, 101-119. DOI: 10.1556/004.2025.01231.
Barrs VR (2019). Feline panleukopenia: a re-emergent disease. Vet Clin North Am Small Anim Pract, 49, 651-670. DOI: 10.1016/j.cvsm.2019.02.006.
Cerón JJ, Eckersall PD, Martínez‐Subiela S (2005): Acute phase proteins in dogs and cats: current knowledge and future perspectives. Vet Clin Pathol, 34, 85-99.DOI: 10.1111/j.1939-165X.2005.tb00019.x.
Donato G, Pennisi MG, Persichetti MF, et al (2023): A retrospective comparative evaluation of selected blood cell ratios, acute phase proteins, and leukocyte changes suggestive of inflammation in cats. Animals, 13, 2579. DOI: 10.3390/ani13162579.
Fest J, Ruiter TR, Groot Koerkamp B, et al (2019): The neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio is associated with mortality in the general population: The Rotterdam Study. Eur J Epidemiol, 34, 463-70. DOI: 10.1007/s10654-018-0472-y.
Forget P, Khalifa C, Defour JP, et al (2017): What is the normal value of the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio? BMC Res Notes, 10, 12. DOI: 10.1186/s13104-016-2335-5.
Greene CE (2008): Infectious diseases of the dog and cat. Australian Vet J, 77, 194.

Gu L, Li H, Chen L, et al (2016): Prognostic role of lymphocyte to monocyte ratio for patients with cancer: Evidence from a systematic review and meta-analysis. Oncotarget, 7, 31926. DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.7876.
Guthrie GJ, Charles KA, Roxburgh CS, et al (2013): The systemic inflammation-based neutrophil–lymphocyte ratio: experience in patients with cancer. Crit Rev Oncol Hematol, 88, 218-30. DOI: 10.1016/j.critrevonc.2013.03.010.
Gür S, Avdatek K (2016). A serological investigation for feline panleukopenia virus in Cats in Afyonkarahisar. Kocatepe Vet J, 9, 165-70.
Jiménez JJE, Marí MF, Más IM, et al (2026): Feline panleukopenia: Analysis of possible survival biomarkers. Vet J, 317, 106619. DOI: 10.1016/j.tvjl.2026.106619.
Khazaei S, Tarlan M, Madani S, et al (2022): Prognostic significant of neutrophil: lymphocyte ratio, platelet: lymphocyte ratio, and lymphocyte: monocyte ratio in kurdish patients with breast cancer. WCRJ, 9, e2365 DOI: 10.32113/wcrj_20227_2365.
Krofič Žel M, Nemec Svete A, Tozon N, et al (2024): Hemogram-derived inflammatory markers in cats with chronic kidney disease. Animals, 14, 1813. DOI: 10.3390/ani14121813.
Kruse B, Unterer S, Horlacher K, et al (2010): Prognostic factors in cats with feline panleukopenia. J Vet Intern Med, 24, 1271-1276. DOI: 10.1111/j.1939-1676.2010.0604.x.
Naess A, Nilssen SS, Mo R, et al (2017): Role of neutrophil to lymphocyte and monocyte to lymphocyte ratios in the diagnosis of bacterial infection in patients with fever. Infection, 45, 299-307. DOI 10.1007/s15010-016-0972-1.
Stockham SL, Scott MA (2024). Fundamentals of Veterinary Clinical Pathology. John Wiley & Sons. USA.
Stuetzer B, Hartmann K (2014): Feline parvovirus infection and associated diseases. Vet J, 201, 150-155. DOI: 10.1016/j.tvjl.2014.05.027.
Sykes JE (2013). Feline panleukopenia virus infection and other viral enteritides. Canine and feline infectious diseases, 26, 187-194. DOI:10.1016/B978-1-4377-0795-3.00019-3.
Templeton AJ, McNamara MG, Šeruga B, et al (2014): Prognostic role of neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio in solid tumors: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Natl Cancer Inst, 106, dju124. DOI: 10.1093/jnci/dju124.
Truyen U, Parrish CR (2013). Feline panleukopenia virus: Its interesting evolution and current problems in immunoprophylaxis against a serious pathogen. Vet Microbiol, 165, 29-32. DOI: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2013.02.005.
Tuna GE, Kirkulak T (2023): Diarrhea in cats infected with Cystoisospora spp.-evaluation of the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio and monocyte-to-lymphocyte ratio. Acta Sci Vet, 51, 1909. DOI: 10.22456/1679-9216.128946.
Yanar KE (2024). Prognostic value of neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio and platelet indices in cats with feline panleukopenia. Vet Immunol Immunopathol, 278, 110854. DOI: 10.1016/j.vetimm.2024.110854.
Zahorec R (2001): Ratio of neutrophil to lymphocyte counts--rapid and simple parameter of systemic inflammation and stress in critically ill. Bratisl Lek Listy, 102, 5-14.

Details

Primary Language

English

Subjects

Veterinary Anatomy and Physiology, Veterinary Biochemistry, Veterinary Diagnosis and Diagnostics

Journal Section

Research Article

Authors

Güzin Özkurt ^*
0000-0003-2732-9490
Türkiye

Ebubekir Gümüşsoy This is me
0009-0006-6950-5367
Türkiye

Early Pub Date

September 18, 2026

Publication Date

October 1, 2026

Submission Date

February 3, 2026

Acceptance Date

August 6, 2026

Published in Issue

Year 2026 Volume: 73 Number: 4

DOI

https://doi.org/10.33988/auvfd.1880651

IZ

https://izlik.org/JA69NH79LY

Cite

RIS / Bibtex

APA

Özkurt, G., & Gümüşsoy, E. (2026). Retrospective evaluation of neutrophil-to-lymphocyte, monocyte-to-lymphocyte, and platelet-to-lymphocyte ratios in feline panleukopenia. Ankara Üniversitesi Veteriner Fakültesi Dergisi, 73(4), 453-459. https://doi.org/10.33988/auvfd.1880651

AMA

1.Özkurt G, Gümüşsoy E. Retrospective evaluation of neutrophil-to-lymphocyte, monocyte-to-lymphocyte, and platelet-to-lymphocyte ratios in feline panleukopenia. Ankara Univ Vet Fak Derg. 2026;73(4):453-459. doi:10.33988/auvfd.1880651

Chicago

Özkurt, Güzin, and Ebubekir Gümüşsoy. 2026. “Retrospective Evaluation of Neutrophil-to-Lymphocyte, Monocyte-to-Lymphocyte, and Platelet-to-Lymphocyte Ratios in Feline Panleukopenia”. Ankara Üniversitesi Veteriner Fakültesi Dergisi 73 (4): 453-59. https://doi.org/10.33988/auvfd.1880651.

EndNote

Özkurt G, Gümüşsoy E (October 1, 2026) Retrospective evaluation of neutrophil-to-lymphocyte, monocyte-to-lymphocyte, and platelet-to-lymphocyte ratios in feline panleukopenia. Ankara Üniversitesi Veteriner Fakültesi Dergisi 73 4 453–459.

IEEE

[1]G. Özkurt and E. Gümüşsoy, “Retrospective evaluation of neutrophil-to-lymphocyte, monocyte-to-lymphocyte, and platelet-to-lymphocyte ratios in feline panleukopenia”, Ankara Univ Vet Fak Derg, vol. 73, no. 4, pp. 453–459, Oct. 2026, doi: 10.33988/auvfd.1880651.

ISNAD

Özkurt, Güzin - Gümüşsoy, Ebubekir. “Retrospective Evaluation of Neutrophil-to-Lymphocyte, Monocyte-to-Lymphocyte, and Platelet-to-Lymphocyte Ratios in Feline Panleukopenia”. Ankara Üniversitesi Veteriner Fakültesi Dergisi 73/4 (October 1, 2026): 453-459. https://doi.org/10.33988/auvfd.1880651.

JAMA

1.Özkurt G, Gümüşsoy E. Retrospective evaluation of neutrophil-to-lymphocyte, monocyte-to-lymphocyte, and platelet-to-lymphocyte ratios in feline panleukopenia. Ankara Univ Vet Fak Derg. 2026;73:453–459.

MLA

Özkurt, Güzin, and Ebubekir Gümüşsoy. “Retrospective Evaluation of Neutrophil-to-Lymphocyte, Monocyte-to-Lymphocyte, and Platelet-to-Lymphocyte Ratios in Feline Panleukopenia”. Ankara Üniversitesi Veteriner Fakültesi Dergisi, vol. 73, no. 4, Oct. 2026, pp. 453-9, doi:10.33988/auvfd.1880651.

Vancouver

1.Güzin Özkurt, Ebubekir Gümüşsoy. Retrospective evaluation of neutrophil-to-lymphocyte, monocyte-to-lymphocyte, and platelet-to-lymphocyte ratios in feline panleukopenia. Ankara Univ Vet Fak Derg. 2026 Oct. 1;73(4):453-9. doi:10.33988/auvfd.1880651