Determination of starting level of heat stress on daily milk yield in Holstein cows in Bursa city of Turkey

Abstract

The aim of this study was to investigate the starting levels of heat stress on daily milk yield (DMY) in Holstein cows reared in Marmara region in Turkey. For this purpose, a total of 68113 daily milk records of 212 Holstein Friesian cows raised in Bursa, a city in Marmara region, during 2010-2012 were evaluated. The temperature humidity index (THI) was used to investigate the effect of heat stress. The effects of year, lactation number, days in milk (DIM) and THI on milk yield were found significant (P<0.01). DMY's smallest, largest, average values were 3.0, 72.1, 28.9±0.04, respectively, and the 305-day average milk yield was 9435±156.12 kg. DMY smallest adjusted average occurred in August (24.0 kg), while the highest occurred in April (31.5 kg). THI ranged between 26 and 79, the first THI value having adverse effect on milk yield was 65, and THI threshold value irreversibly affecting the milk yield is 70. THI value of 70 and above were detected more than 268 days from May to September in three years. The correlation coefficient between THI and the daily milk yield was calculated as -0.771. Also on farms in similar climatic conditions, precautions must be taken against heat stress. Continuous recording of temperature and humidity and the operation of the cooling system in the barns according to the THI can be more effective against heat stress

Keywords

• Dairy cattle
• heat stress
• Holstein
• milk yield

Türkiye’nin Bursa şehrindeki Siyah Alaca ineklerde günlük süt verimi için ısı stresi başlangıçseviyesinin belirlenmesi

Abstract

Bu çalışmanın amacı, Türkiye’de Marmara Bölgesinde yetiştirilen Siyah Alaca sığırlarda günlük süt verimi (GSV) için ısı stresinin başlangıç seviyelerini araştırmaktır. Bu amaçla Marmara Bölgesinde bulunan Bursa’da 2010-2012 yılları arasında yetiştirilen 212 baş Siyah Alaca ineğe ait toplam 68113 süt verim kaydı değerlendirilmiştir. Isı stresinin etkisini araştırmak için sıcaklık nem indeksi (SNİ) kullanılmıştır. Yıl, laktasyon sayısı, sağılan gün sayısı (SGS) ve SNİ’nin süt verimine etkileri önemlidir (P<0.01). GSV’nin en küçük, en büyük, ortalama değeri sırasıyla, 3.0, 72.1, 28.9±0.04, ve 305 gün süt verimi ortalaması ise 9435±156.12 kg bulunmuştur. En küçük düzeltilmiş GSV ortalama Ağustos ayında (24.0 kg) iken en yüksek Nisanda (31.5 kg) bulunmuştur. SNİ 2679 arasında değişirken, süt verimini olumsuz etkilemeye başlayan SNİ değeri 65, süt verimini geri dönülemeyecek şekilde etkileyen SNİ eşik değeri 70’tir. SNİ 70 ve üzerini, 3 yılda mayıs-eylül arasında toplam 268 gün aşmıştır. SNİ ve günlük süt verimi arasındaki korelasyon katsayısı -0.771 hesaplanmıştır. Ahır içinde sıcaklık ve nemin sürekli kaydedilmesi ve ahırlarda serinletme sisteminin SNİ’ne göre çalıştırılması ısı stresine karşı daha etkili olabilir

Keywords

• Isı stresi
• Siyah Alaca
• süt verimi
• sütçü sığır

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